Objective To evaluate the difference of internal diameter of bronchial artery in big lung cancer,small lung cancer,and normal lung with multiple slice CT.Methods MSCT angiographies of 44 patients with lung cancer confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed,and 29 patients were with big lung cancer(≥3 cm)and 15 patients with small lung cancer(

OBJECTIVETo study mRNA expression of VEGF-(A, C, D) genes in breast carcinoma and its effect on prognosis.

METHODSThe mRNA expression of VEGF-(A, C, D) genes in 61 cases of primary breast carcinoma and 29 cases of benign mammary lesions was detected by TaqMan real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) technology. The correlation between mRNA expression and various clinicopathologic parameters and survival data was analyzed.

RESULTSThe level of mRNA expression of VEGF-(A, C) genes was significantly higher in primary breast carcinomas (2.79 +/- 1.31 and 3.33 +/- 0.88 respectively) than in benign mammary lesions (1.59 +/- 1.35 and 2.76 +/- 0.55 respectively, P = 0.000 and 0.002 respectively). The percentage of VEGF-D mRNA expression was 73.77% in breast carcinomas, as compared to 51.72% in benign mammary lesions (P = 0.038). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of VEGF-D gene between primary breast carcinomas and benign mammary lesions (P = 0.683). On the other hand, the ratio of VEGF-D mRNA expression to VEGF-C mRNA expression was lower in lymph node-positive than in lymph node-negative cases. This also correlated with the occurrence of nodal metastasis by uni- and multivariate analysis (P(uni) = 0.046 and P(mult) = 0.062). High mRNA expression of VEGF-(A, C) genes was associated with poor disease-free survival (P = 0.030 and 0.044 respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of VEGF-(A, C, D) genes may play a role in the disease progression of breast carcinoma. The ratio of VEGF-D mRNA expression to VEGF-C mRNA expression correlates with the occurrence of lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma. The mRNA expression of VEGF-(A, C) genes may serve as a useful prognostic indicator in breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D ; genetics

Objective:To investigate the serum Vitamin A level of 2-6 years old children in Shenyang kindergarden. Method:A total of 2 000 children aged 2-6 years old in Shenyang kindergarden were selected. And fluorescence micro spectrophotometry was used to detect. Results:Serum Vitamin A level of 2 000 children fluctuated at 0.700-1.751μmol/L,the mean was (1.074±0.257)μmol/L. There was no vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and sub-Vitamin A deficiency (SVAD) . The incidence of suspect SVAD was 52.7%. Conclusions:VAD and SVAD may be eradicated in 2-6 years old in Shenyang kindergarden, but there is increasing tendency in suspect SVAD. Decreasing and eradicating susptect SVAD is important work of our current and next step.

Adult ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; complications ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on pulmonary vascular resistance in patients after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC).

METHODSFifty-two patients after TCPC were evaluated, of them 24 patients were administered with inhaled nitric oxide in the early postoperative period. The cardiac index (CI) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were compared before and after inhaled NO.

RESULTSIn experimental group, after inhaled NO, partial pressure of oxygen in artery/fraction of inspired oxygen increased from 161 +/- 17 to 193 +/- 23 (t = 2.75, P < 0.01); CI from (2.86 +/- 0.24) L.min(-1).m(-2) to (3.13 +/- 0.22) L.min(-1).m(-2) (t = 2.25, P < 0.05); PVR decreased from (4.2 +/- 0.5) U/m(2) to (3.8 +/- 1.4) U/m(2) (t = 2.29, P < 0.05); central venous pressure (CVP) from (17.0 +/- 1.8) mm Hg to (15.0 +/- 1.1) mm Hg, decreased 11.7%. Compared with the control group, respirator time decreased from (86 +/- 27) h to (54 +/- 18) h (t = 2.29, P < 0.05); ICU time from (6 +/- 2) d to (4 +/- 2) d (t = 2.32, P < 0.05); But hydrothorax drainage and length of stay had no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONSThough inhaled NO, there is no significant long-term effects in patients after TCPC, but it may play an important role in the management of low cardiac output syndrome and high cava pressure caused by reactive elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in the early postoperative period of TCPC.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical ; methods ; Cardiac Output ; drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Postoperative Period ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiology ; surgery ; Time Factors ; Vascular Resistance ; drug effects ; Vasodilator Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Venae Cavae ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate chondrocyte apoptosis and expression of Fas and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in articular cartilage in the pathogenesis of Kashin-beck disease (KBD) and primary osteoarthritis (OA).

METHODSThe collected samples of articular cartilage were divided into three groups: normal control (15 cases), KBD adults (15 cases) and OA (15 cases). Chondrocyte apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling method, and Fas and iNOS in articular cartilage were stained by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe positive percentages of chondrocyte apoptosis stained in articular cartilage of KBD and OA were significantly higher than that of the control (P < 0.01), and the positive percentage of chondrocytes apoptosis in the eroded areas of articular cartilage were significantly higher than in the non-eroded areas in articular cartilage of the same patient with KBD and OA (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in positive percentage of chondrocytes apoptosis between KBD and OA. The positive percentages of Fas and iNOS in chondrocytes were significantly higher in KBD and OA than in control (P < 0.01). Significant differences in Fas and iNOS expression between the eroded areas and non-eroded areas were seen in articular cartilage of patients with KBD and OA (P < 0.05), but such difference did not exist between KBD and OA.

CONCLUSIONCell apoptosis seems to be associated with the pathogenesis of both KBD and OA. Fas and iNOS might mediate chondrocyte apoptosis.

Adult ; Apoptosis ; Cartilage, Articular ; pathology ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; Endemic Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Osteoarthritis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; pathology ; physiopathology ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the indication and operative program of ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia (VSD-PA).

METHODSFrom June 1984 to March 2005, there were 32 patients with VSD-PA, which underwent 33 operations. Among them, 15 were males and 17 were females. The ages ranged from 6 months to 9 years. There were 9 patients with aortopulmonary collateral arteries. The operations included central aorta-pulmonary shunts 3 cases, one stage complete repair 27 cases and one stage unifocalization with VSD open 2 cases.

RESULTSThere were early 5 death including one death after aorta-pulmonary shunt and 4 deaths after one stage complete repair. The causes of death were severe low cardiac output (2 patients), respiratory function failure (1 patient), multiorgan function failure (1 patient) and severe infect (1 patient). Twenty-one patients were followed up from 3 months to 15.5 years. Heart function (NYHA) was class I or II in 19 cases and class III or IV in 2 cases.

CONCLUSIONSThe operative indication and methods mainly depend on the developing of pulmonary arteries and aortopulmonary collateral arteries. Completely surgical repair of patients with VSD-PA can be achieved with acceptable mortality.

Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pulmonary Atresia ; complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience of surgical treatment of single atrium.

METHODSFrom August 1984 to August 2004, there were 33 patients with single atrium in our study. Plastic surgery for mitral valves were performed for 30 cases with mitral insufficiency. Plastic surgery for tricuspid valves were performed for 18 cases with tricuspid valve insufficiency. There were 3 cases only with complete absence of atrial septum. There were 14 cases with left superior vena cava. All new atrial septums were made with patches including 24 autologous pericardial patches and 9 terylene patches. Complicate abnormalities were corrected in the same time. Tow suture techniques were used in operations to prevent conductive system block, and plastic surgery for mitral valves were performed until the mitral valves were sufficiency.

RESULTSThere weren't death and conductive system block after operation in the group. One case was low-grade mitral insufficiency and the others weren't mitral insufficiency. Twenty-five cases were followed up from 3 months to 11 years, and they could work and study normally.

CONCLUSIONSSingle atrium should be operated as early as possible. The key of surgery is to prevent conductive system block, to properly correct mitral insufficiency and to drastically correct complicated abnormality. The new atrial septum should be made by patch and an autologous pericardial patch is the first selection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of 2A-1-1 (purified component from Panax notoginsengs saponins) on the aggregation of and Ca2+ influx into human platelets.

METHODSThe aggregation of platelets was tested by nephelometry, Fura-2 fluorescent technique was used for detecting cell [Ca2+]i. The effects of 2A-1-1, nifedipine and SK&F96365 on Ca(2+) influx into human platelets induced by ADP or CPA were observed separately.

RESULTSNifedipine (< 20 micromol/L) could not inhibit platelet aggregation induced by ADP or the Ca(2+) influx induced by ADP or CPA. SK&F96365 at 20 micromol/L could inhibit the maximal aggregation of platelets induced by ADP with a inhibitory rate of 59.83%, at 15 micromol/L could inhibit the Ca2+ influx induced by CPA or ADP. 2A-1-1 (5, 10 and 20 micromol/L) could inhibit the maximal aggregation of platelets induced by ADP with the inhibitory rates of 47.06%, 53.47% and 71.52%, respectively. 2A-1-1 at 10 and 20 micromol/L could inhibit the Ca2+ influx induced by CPA or ADP.

CONCLUSIONS2A-1-1 can inhibit platelets aggregation, block the ROC (Receptor-dependent Ca2+ channels) and inhibit Ca2+ influx of human platelets.

Adenosine Diphosphate ; pharmacology ; Adult ; Blood Platelets ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; pharmacology ; Indoles ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nifedipine ; pharmacology ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology

Objective To correlate the isokinetic strength of stroke survivors' trunk flexors and extensors with the kinematic parameters of their gait.Methods Thirty stroke survivors and 30 healthy counterparts formed an observation group and a control group.The strength of everyone's trunk flexors and extensors was measured isokinetically,including the flexor peak torque (FPT),extensor peak torque (EPT) and the ratio of the two (F/E).The test velocities were 30°/s,60°/s and 90°/s.And the kinematic parameters of their gait,including the step length,stride,velocity,frequency,width and cycle time were measured using a 3D gait analysis system,as well as the percentage of stance phase,swing phase,double support phase and single support phase.Results No significant differences were found between the average FPT,EPT or F/E of the two groups at any of the three test velocities.At the 30°/s test velocity the average FPT,EPT and F/E of the observation group were all positively correlated with the average step length,stride,velocity,steps/min,width and cycle time,as well as with the stance phase,swing phase,double support phase and single support phase percentages.The strongest correlation was between F/E and velocity (r=0.57),followed by frequency (r=0.54).Conclusion litating the walking ability of stroke survivors and correcting their gait should focus on strengthening the trunk muscles and optimizing their coordination.