AIM:To study the prepartion of Ruanganxiaoshui Cataplasma and it's percutaneous absorption in vitro as well as dissolvability in vitro. METHODS: In the experiment,orthogonal test was used to optimize the preparation.Meanwhile,with the help of azole and propylene alcohol the percutaneous absorption of ginsenoside Rg_1 from the cataplasma carriers in vitro was determined by Franz's diffusion cell and HPLC,as well as dissolution rate in vitro. RESULTS: The percutaneous absorption rate of ginsenoside Rg_1 through rat skin in vitro was 0.394 ?g/cm~2/h.And the dissolution process fitted to first order model. CONCLUSION: The Cataplasma carriers possess a good drug dissolution property.To add compound penetration enhancers is one of the effective methods for raising percutaneous absorption.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)has certain advantages in the treatment of chronic liver diseases,especially chronic inflam-matory injury and liver fibrosis.However,the studies on medicinal components and action mechanism of TCM prescriptions are confronted with a great challenge.The computational pharmacology methods used in recent years,mainly including virtual screening technique,omics technologies,and network pharmacology approaches,as well as their application in TCM research,are presented;given the previous re-search work,the progress in research on active ingredients and action mechanism of TCM prescriptions using computational pharmacology methods is reviewed.It is thought that computational pharmacology techniques combined with conventional molecular biological and pharma-cological methods are an important research strategy for the material basis and action mechanism of TCMprescriptions for treating chronic liv-er diseases.

Objective To study P300 wave extraction by a new method. Methods According to the respective characteristics of the brain electrical signal and the signal analysis method, the algorithm by Wavelet Transformation (WT) combined with Independent Component Analysis (ICA), abbreviated to WICA, was applied to P300 wave extraction. Results With WT, the target component of the signal could be strengthened, while the non-target component and the noise were weakened which became weak in multi -channel ICA input signal, and then WICA algorithm could effectively separate strong target component. Conclusion WICA algorithm behaves well in P300 wave extraction.

Objective To search for evidence of diagnosis of pulmonary embolism for guiding clinical practice.Methods We searched PubMed(1970~2005-10)and CBM(1992~2005-10)in Oct.2005 to identify system reviews(SR)and cross-sectional study(CSS)about the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.Results Sixteen SR and 9 CSS were identified in PubMed,none in CBM.Pulmonary arteriography was the gold standard in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.Our result showed that computed tomography,ventilation-perfusion scanning and doppler ultrasound were useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism combind with clinical judgment.Multidetector CT might be another gold standard in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.A negative result on quantitative rapid ELISA of D-dimer could exclude the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.Conclusion Diagnostic tests combind with clinical judgment are useful for diagnosing or excluding pulmonary embolism.

Fraction absorbed (Fa) is an important parameter to describe the absorption level of oral drugs, and an important basis for the development and optimization of the formulation process. Because it is easily confused with the concept of absolute bioavailability, it has not received enough attention from the industry. There are many complex factors affecting Fa. There are three time-related factors that directly affect the extent of Fa: the release time, the absorption time, and the residence time. The relationship between these three time-related factors determines the extent of Fa. Generally, we are more concerned about the apparent factors that affect the extent of Fa, including independent variables and covariates; The independent variables include administered dose, route, dosage form, etc. The covariates are divided into internal and external factors, and external factors include food factors, drug interactions, etc. Internal causes include age, sex, disease, etc. This paper analyzes and systematically combs how independent variables and covariates directly or indirectly affect the three time-related factors by affecting the body's physiology and internal environment, thus changing the complex process of Fa. Understanding this theoretical framework can better optimize the independent variables to reduce the impact of covariates on Fa. In addition, this paper also introduces the latest progress of prediction and evaluation of Fa, including the progress of complex dissolution device and the status of software prediction.

Objective To improve diagnosis effectiveness for patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia(MEN).Methods 68 patients with MEN were reviewed in this paper.The diagnosis,clnical features and principle of treatment were discussed.Results (1)MEN-Ⅰ 22.05%,MEN-Ⅱ 36.86%,MEN-Ⅲ 8.82% MEN-Ⅰ\,Ⅱ 33.72%.(2)The cases in female were more than male and ten years earlier than male.(3)Endocrinophathies involred in order were thyroid,adrenal medulla,parathroid and islet.Conclusion It is important that more than one endocrinopathy be examined in doubtful cases.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of BRMS1 ( breast cancer metastasis suppressorl ) protein in colon cancer.Methods The expression of BRMS1 protein was detected by using EliVision immunohistochemical techniques in 46 cases of colon cancer,and adjacent non cancerous colon tissues.The clinical significance with histopathologic records was aralyzed.Results The expression levels of BRMS1 ( 34.8％ ) in the colon cancer tissues was significantly lower than those of adjacent non cancerous colon tissues( x2 =23.92,P ＜0.01 ).The expression of BRMSl was significantly correlated with tumor size,clinical stage,and lymph node status (x2 =6.02,4.28,4.35,all P＜0.01) ;BRMS1 had no correlation with age,pathological type.Conclusion BRMS1 might synergistically promote the metastasis of colon cancer.Detection of the expression of BRMS1 may be hdpful in determineing the prognosis of colon cancer.

Objective　To study the indication, contraindication and short-term clinical effects of stereotactic radiotherapy (X-knife) in lung cancer. Methods　A total of 56 cases (Treatment group) of lung cancer were treated with X-knife composing of the modern 3-D treatment planning system and the stereotactic body frame, and SL-75 accelerator. And another 53 cases only treated with routine external radiation served as the control. In treatment group, 42 cases received 50 Gy radiation, at 2 Gy per day, 5 d per week in the upper mediastinum, hilus of lung, below the primary focus first and then underwent X-knife for the primary focuses, and other 14 recurrent and metastatic cases received irradiation of 8-12 Gy per day, 5 d by X-knife alone. Results　The actually reexamination rate for 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after X-knife treatment in 78 focuses from 56 cases was 79.5% (62/78), 89.8% (70/78), 87.2% (68/78) and 78.2% (61/78) respectively. The focuses reappeared in 3 months after the treatment and the growth rates of focus in 3, 6, and 12 month after the treatment were 2.6% (2/78), 5.1% and 9% (7/78) respectively. There were 2 focuses received a second treatment with X-knife because no change after the first one. Both the 1-and 2-year survival rates of 36 cases of the primary lung cancer in the treatment group were higher than that of control group (89.1%, 53.9% and 77.4%, 39.6%). Conclusion　The stereotactic radiotherapy is of applicable and prospective in the treatment of lung cancer. The indications include: ①As a boost dose in case when primary focus is less than 5 cm after the first external radiotherapy may reduce the exposure of lung tissue to x-ray and the occurrence of radiation pneumonia; ②Treatment for the recurrence after radiotherapy and operation; ③Radical treatment for the metastatic focus less than 5 cm. Attention must be paid to when multiple treatment is carried on the volume of the focus, the Karnofsky scores and the general condition when stereotactic radiotherapy combined with X-knife for lung cancer.

Objective To study the protection and mechanism of co-administration of vitamin E with coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) to valproate-associated hepatotoxicity in infantal rats.Methods The rat models were established by oral administration of valproic acid(VPA) in ablactation(21 days) Wistar rats,at doses of 500 mg/(kg?d) during 30 days,other groups received the same amount of VPA with phemobarbitone(PB) and co-administration with vitamin E and CoQ10.The changes of liver cell morphology and the blood coagulation test,as well as the contents of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH),cytochrome oxidase(CCO),cytochrome,the levels of glutothione(GSH) and malondial dehyde(MDA) in rat liver mitochondria were detected by chromatometry,HPLC,Oil-Red-O staining and electron microscope,respectively.Results 1.Average content of cytochrome aa3 in liver mitochondria of infantal rats were reduced by 58.80% and(61.80%) because of administration of VPA and VPA added with PB.The protection against the loss of cytochrome aa3 by coadministration of VitE and CoQ10 was obvious.As for activities of SDH and CCO,which affected by VPA and VPA added with PB in rats,were significantly lowered compared with control group(P

Objective To explore the relationships between the sleep/wake-up patterns and temperament in preterm infants.Methods The developmental characteristics of sleep/wake-up patterns and temperament in preterm infants aged 4 months at corrected gestational age in their own home environments were described.The 23 relatively low-risk preterm infants were enrolled in this study.The sleep/wake-up data was collected with actigraphy.The temperament was assessed by Chinese Infant Temperament Questionnaire.Results Among the 23 infants,there were 13 coordinated difficult(D) type and 10 coordinated easy(E) type.The number of night wake-up in the coordinated D-type preterm infants[(2.78 ±0.01) times] were significantly more than that of coordinated E-type ones[(2.60 ± 0.03) times] (t =3.285,P =0.001).The longest continuous sleep time of coordinated D-type preterm infants [(4.20 ± 1.21) h] was significantly less than that of coordinated E-type ones[(4.41 ± 1.14) h] (t =3.374,P =0.001).There were no significant differences in daytime sleep duration,the number of naps,bedtime,sleep latency,nighttime sleep duration,the 24 hour sleep duration and morning awaking time between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).After the sex factor was controlled,there was a positive correlation between emotional nature and sleep latency at night (r =0.599,P =0.032).There was also positive correlation between persistence and the number of naps in daytime (r =0.439,P =0.035).Conclusions Preterm infants with different temperament types have different number of night wake-ups and the longest continuous sleep time.The emotional nature and persistence are associated with sleep latency at night and number of naps in daytime respectively.The parents of preterm infants should change their child rearing behaviors to improve sleep quality of the preterm infants.