The paper is aimed to study the difference in yield and quality at different harvest time and determine the optimum harvest of planting Gentiana in Ludian traditional harvest period. The authors analyzed the variation in fresh weight, dry weight, dry discount rate, length, diameter, volume and the content of gentiopicroside, loganin acid, alcohol-soluble extract and total ash and made a comprehensive appraisal of yield, appearance quality and intrinsic quality by gray relational distance ideal Comprehensive Evaluation method. The results showed that there is a big difference in yield and quality both 2-year-old and 3-year-old Gentiana harvested in traditional harvest period and the comprehensive evaluation more better when harvested more later. It can be seen, Gentiana harvested the later had a better yield and quality in Ludian traditional harvest period. The harvest of Gentiana can be appropriate delayed depending on the particular circumstances of production.
Agriculture ; methods ; China ; Gentiana ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Iridoid Glucosides ; metabolism ; Organ Size ; Quality Control ; Time Factors

[Objective] Based on the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the abnormal features of the functional connectivity of resting brain neural network in the patients with primary insomnia,by using voxel-wise whole-brain finctional networks analysis of degree centrality (DC) for imaging evidence of neural mechanisms underlying primary insomnia.[Methods] The resting state fMRI were performed in 59 PI patients and 47 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects.Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P ＜ 0.05).[Results] Compared with the control group,the patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in bilateral medial frontal gyrus (MFG),bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG),and right insula;and increased DC value in right middle temporal gyrus (MTG),and left cuneus,(CUN),P ＜ 0.05.[Conclusion]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the P[patient groups when compared with the control group.It was indicated that DC,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.

Objective:To evaluate the benefit of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as a consolidation therapy in the survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients at different risks. Methods:A total of 67 MM patients who received ASCT as consolida-tion therapy between August 2006 and July 2011 were enrolled in the retrospective study. The cases were divided into three risk groups on the basis of the International Staging System and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Another 67 patients who accepted consolidation chemotherapy at the same period were selected as case-paired controls matched in terms of age, sex, optimal response after induction, and risk stratifications. All the patients received bortezomib-and/or thalidomide-based induction therapies. Results:No statistical differ-ences in non-complete remission (nCR)/complete remission (CR) rate were observed between the ASCT and chemotherapy groups (44.8%vs. 37.3%, P=0.380) after the induction therapy. The progression-free survival (PFS) was longer in the ASCT group than in the chemotherapy group (32.4 months vs. 15.1 months, P<0.001). The overall survival (OS) was longer in the ASCT group than in the che-motherapy group (58.8 months vs. 42.1 months, P=0.009). both the PFS (median:30.5 months vs. 11.2 months, P<0.001) and the OS (median:85.5 months vs. 34 months, P=0.015) rates were significantly prolonged in the high-risk subgroup after ASCT. In the interme-diate-risk subgroup, neither PFS nor OS showed any significance after ASCT (P>0.05). In the low-risk subgroup, only PFS was extend-ed (median: 34.8 months vs. 17.6 months, P=0.012) after ASCT, without significant improvements in the OS (P>0.05). Conclusion:The MM patients obtained cytogenetic high-risk benefits mostly from ASCT consolidation after inductions based on novel agents.

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.

Objective To investigate how to diagnosis traumatic subdural effusion (TSE) and differentiate it with senile encephalatrophy in aged people by CT scan. Methods Fifty-two aged patients with TSE and 40 aged patients with encephalatrophy, admitted to our hospital from March 2008 to March 2010, were chosen in the study. Their clinical data and CT manifestations were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results Fifty-two patients with TSE had 91 sites of the lesion, including 31 lesions located in temporal-frontal lobe and 30 lesions in frontal lobe. Among the 52 patients, 34 were also noted as having encephalatrophy. First-time CT demonstrated 32 patients with TSE, and the second-time CT on the left patients showed 20 having TSE too. Among the 52 patients, increasing amount of fluid in a short term was noted in 32 patients; local widened gyri with a flattened surface and narrowed sulci was presented in 30; "compressed arachnoid sign" was found in 9. CT results demonstrated that no above-mentioned manifestations were presented in patients with encephalatrophy.Conclusion For aged person, TSE is usually located in the temporal and frontal lobe, and should be differentiated with senile encephalatrophy. The key-points for differentiation include the location and the extent of changes of extra-cerebral space, the space-occupying signs as local flattened gyri and narrowed sulci, the appearing of "compressed arachnoid sign" and the changes of effusion in a short-term review.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of miR-124 inhibiting the proliferative activity of prostate cancer PC3 cells.

METHODSLuciferase reporter gene assay was used to examine the specific binding ability of miR-124 to PKM2 mRNA 3'-UTR. After miR-124 was transfected mimic to PC3 cells, the expression levels of PKM2 mRNA and protein were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The effects of miR-124 mimic and PKM2 siRNA on the proliferative activity of the PC3 cells were determined by MTT assay.

RESULTSThe expressions of PKM2 mRNA and protein were upregulated (5.12 +/- 0.35) times and (4.05 +/- 0.20) times respectively in the PC3 cells as compared with those in the RWPE-1 cells (P < 0.05). Luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated that miR-124 targeted PKM2 3'-UTR. At 24 hours after transfection with miR-124 mimic, the PKM2 protein expression in the PC3 cells was downregulated (0.16 +/- 0.04) times (P < 0.05), while the PKM2 mRNA level was not changed significantly (P > 0.05), as compared with the control group. MTT assay showed that both miRNA-124 mimic and PKM2 siRNA could inhibit the proliferation of the PC3 cells, but the former exhibited a greater inhibitory effect than the latter. After transfection with miR-124 mimic and PKM2 siRNA, the cell growth rates were (66.20 +/- 5.10)% vs (82.10 +/- 6.35)% at 24 hours (P < 0.05) and (49.34 +/- 2.37)% vs (70.10 +/- 5.80)% at 48 hours (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONmiR-124 can suppress the proliferation of PC3 cells by regulating the PKM2 gene.

Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thyroid Hormones ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

The complex field cure instrument is a new medical instrument with which an experiment was carried out. Rats were continuously irradiated by the complex field for 90 days, with a day's total dose of 285.9 M.T.G. while other rats weren't irradiated for control group. The animals were respectively killed at 7d, 14d, 30d, 60d and 90d, and their blood samples were taken for cell and humoral immune analysis. The results show that values of lymphocyte transform rate, soluble receptor (SIL-2R), total hemolytic complement levels (CH50) and immunoglobulin (A.G.) after irradiation are more than those of the control group having proved that the instrument may improve immune function of rats.
Animals ; Female ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; instrumentation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the early rehabilitation effect of acupuncture on brain arousal in severe craniocerebral injury.

METHODSOne hundred and two cases of severe craniocerebral injury were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 51 cases in each one. Based on the conventional nursing care in neurological external medicine, in observation group, acupuncture was applied at Shuigou (GV 26), Neiguan (PC 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) mainly. In control group, functional electric stimulation was applied at stimulate the affected muscles of the upper limbs. Thirty days later, the lucid rate from coma, lucid interval and clinical efficacy were compared between two groups. RESULTS; The lucid rate from coma was 82.4% (42/51) in observation group, which was higher than 56.9% (29/51) in control group (P < 0.01). The lucid interval in observation group was shortened remarkably as compared with control group (P < 0.01), and the clinical efficacy was superior apparently to that in control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOn the basis of conventional treatment, acupuncture intervention at early stage can accelerate the recovery of brain arousal function in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arousal ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Child ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; physiopathology ; rehabilitation ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of carbon disulfide (CS(2)) on oxidation-antioxidation function of rat nerve tissues.

METHODSThirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group, the low-dosage exposure group and the high-dosage group, 10 rats each. The rats of the two exposure groups were administered with CS(2) by gavage at a dosage of 300 or 500 mgxkg(-1)xd(-1), 5 times every week for continuous 12 weeks. The alterations in glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), hydrogen peroxidase (CAT) and total anti-oxidation (T-AOC) in cerebrum, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve of CS(2)-treated animals were assayed.

RESULTSThe results showed that the contents of MDA and ROS in nerve tissues of CS(2)-treated groups increased significantly except ROS in spinal cord and sciatic nerve of low dose group. The content of MDA was increased by 20.7% and 33.6% respectively in the cerebrum of the rats of the low-dosage group and the high-dosage group, by 18.5% and 23.3% respectively in the spinal cord, and by 20.7% and 53.0% respectively in the sciatic nerve, The content of MOS was increased by 20.1% and 34.9% respectively in the cerebrum of the rats of the low-dosage group and the high-dosage group, and by 14.1% and 15.4% respectively in the spinal cord and the sciatic nerve of the rats of the high-dosage group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Furthermore, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC decreased significantly except GSH-Px and SOD in cerebrum of low dose group. The content of GSH was decreased by 17.2% and 26.5% respectively in the cerebrum of the rats of the low-dosage group and the high-dosage group, by 26.4% and 31.2% respectively in the spinal cord, and by 15.1% and 20.0% respectively in the sciatic nerve. The content of T-AOC was decreased by 11.1 and 26.4% respectively in the cerebrum of the rats of the low-dosage group and the high-dosage group, by 15.1% and 38.4% respectively in the spinal cord, and by 35.6% and 42.3% respectively in the sciatic nerve. The activity of SOD was decreased by 12.1% and 25.4% respectively in the spinal cord of the rats of the low-dosage group and the high-dosage group and by 16.4% and 30.3% respectively in the sciatic nerve. The activity of GSH-Px was decreased by 17.3% and 32.5% respectively in the spinal cord of the rats of the low-dosage group and the high-dosage group and by 17.1% and 21.5% respectively in the sciatic nerve. The activity of GSH-Px and SOD was decreased by 12.6% and 30.1% respectively in the cerebrum of the rats of the high-dosage group. The activity of CAT was decreased by 17.5% and 39.4% respectively in the cerebrum of the rats of the low-dosage group and the high-dosage group, by 25.2% and 31.3% respectively in the spinal cord, and by 17.1% and 36.9% respectively in the sciatic nerve (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSubchronic exposure to CS(2) can induce significant changes of oxidation-antioxidation function in rat nerve tissues, which might be related to CS(2)-induced neurotoxicity.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Carbon Disulfide ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Nerve Tissue ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo compare brain lead accumulation and neurotoxicity induced by lead under drinking purified water and tap water on rat.

METHODSAll 104 male weaning SD rats were randomly divided into eight groups, matched-four pairs according to drinking water: tap water, purified water, tap water with lead 50 mg/L(lead acetate water-solution), purified water with lead 50 mg/L, tap water with lead 200 mg/L, purified water with lead 200 mg/L, tap water with lead 800 mg/L. All were fed with normal food and environmental cognitions kept consistent Morris water maze(including Place Navigation, Spatial Probe Test, Visible Platform Trial) was measured to test rat spatial learning at the 12 and 24 week. At the end of the experiment (28 week), rats were killed and the lead of brain and blood was measured by Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method; the NR1, NR2A, NR2B of NMDAR (N-methyl-D-aspartame receptor) in hippocampus were analyzed by RT-PCR.

RESULTSUnder the same lead exposure, no significant differences were observed in blood lead, however, brain lead level showed higher in drinking purified water group than that in tap water group. Expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B in hippocampus of the rats drinking purified water was lower than those drinking tap water, especially at low lead exposure (50 mg/L) (P < 0.05). In the 24 week Morris water maze, place navigation test's escape latency showed significantly prolonged at the rats drinking purified water as compared with those drinking tap water on the pairs of 50 mg/L and 200 mg/L pb2+ groups (P < 0.05), and the differences occurred in early 1-2 days.

CONCLUSIONCompared with drinking tap water, drinking purified water might increase the accumulation of brain lead, lower NR1, NR2A, NR2B expression and delay the spatial learning and memory ability under chronic lead exposure in water.

Animals ; Drinking ; Intelligence ; drug effects ; Lead ; toxicity ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; N-Methylaspartate ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; drug effects