Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint pressure plus long-snake moxibustion for upper-limb spastic hemiplegia after cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 100 patients were randomized into a control group and an observation group, with 50 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with the same conventional internal medicine and rehabilitation training. The control group was treated with additional acupoint pressure therapy, and the observation group was treated with long-snake moxibustion on the basis of the treatment given to the control group. The Ashworth grade, Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb scale (FMA-UL) and Barthel index (BI) were evaluated, and the root mean square (RMS) values of biceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis on the affected side were measured before and after treatment. The efficacy was evaluated after treatment. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the Ashworth grade of the observation group was superior to that of the control group (P<0.05). The scores of FMA-UL and BI in both groups increased compared with those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the scores of FMA-UL and BI in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (both P<0.05). The RMS values of biceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the RMS values of biceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on conventional internal medicine and rehabilitation training, acupoint pressure plus long-snake moxibustion has great therapeutic efficacy for upper-limb spastic hemiplegia after cerebral infarction. It can improve the degree of spasticity of the affected upper limb, reduce the muscle tone of biceps brachii and flexor carpi radialis on the affected side, and enhance the mobility of the affected limb and the activities of daily living.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the late results of using posterior restoration and three-column fixation to treat lumbar spondylolisthesis.

METHODSOne hundred and eighty-four patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis were collected from March 1999 to May 2007, they were treated by posterior restoration and fixation with single nail-grooved tail steel plate and fixed with cage (WDFC). Among these cases, 87 cases were fixed with one WDFC, 97 cases were used two WDFCs.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 8 to 69 months(averaged 23 months). According to Nakai standard, the results was excellent in 142 cases, good in 34, fair in 8, the excellent and good rates were 95.6%. Seventy-nine vertebraes with I degree spondylolisthesis were reduced after surgery. Eighty-seven vertebraes with II degree spondylolisthesis were reduced except 9 with I degree spondylolisthesis left. Twenty-one with III degree spondylolisthesis were reduced except 5 with I degree spondylolisthesis left; In 2 with IV degree spondylolisthesis, one with I degree spondylolisthesis left and the other with II degree spondylolisthesis left. The follow-up results showed that there was no statistical significance in the height of intervertebral space between preoperation and post-operation, and no recurrence was observed and no single nail-grooved tail steel plate and WDFC were loose or crashed.

CONCLUSIONPosterior restoration and three-column fixation is a positive modus operandi to treat lumbar spondylolisthesis,which can reduce excellently,keep the height of intervertebral space and stabilization of segment, obtain high rate of fusion, and cut down complication.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; instrumentation ; Spondylolisthesis ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of TSC1, TSC2, p-mTOR, p-4E-BP1, p-p70S6K and p-S6 in refractory epilepsy associated malformation of cortical development (MCD) tissues.

METHODSA total of 43 cases of refractory epilepsy were involved in the study, and all the patients were treated in Xuanwu Hospital during 2005 - 2008, including focal cortical dysplasia type IIa (11 cases) and type IIb (11 cases), tuberous sclerosis complex (10 cases) and ganalioglioma (11 cases), and other 12 cases were used as control. These cases were divided into 7 study groups and immunohistochemical EnVision method was used. To detect the location and intensity of TSC1, TSC2, p-mTOR, p-4E-BP1, p-p70S6K and p-S6 expression in every group. Then the Image-Pro Plus 6.0 image processing and analysis software were used to measure the number, area, integrating absorbance (IA) of positive cells in every samples. The statistical software SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the data.

RESULTSThe immunolocalization of TSC1 and TSC2 was similar. It could be observed the expression of various levels in the cytoplasm of dysmorphic neurons, balloon cells, giant cells, ganglioglioma cells and normal neurons. TSC1 staining in normal neurons was more notably than others but TSC2 staining in giant cells was weaker than other samples. p-mTOR mainly presented in giant cells, which could also be observed in astrocyte. P-4E-BP1 presented in the cytoplasm and nuclear membrane of balloon cells, giant cells and ganglioglioma cells, the staining of giant cells was stronger than balloon cells, but their staining were weaker than ganglioglioma cells. P-p70S6K mainly expressed in giant cells and less commonly presented in balloon cells. P-S6 typically presented in all abnormal glioneuronal cells and it nearly did not present in the normal neurons of N-CTX group.

CONCLUSIONSPI3K pathway, at least in part, involves in the occurrence of MCD, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; metabolism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Epilepsy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Ganglioglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; metabolism ; Phosphoproteins ; metabolism ; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases ; metabolism ; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEStudy on the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy of cervical lymph nodes and to discuss the reasons of making a misdiagnosis.

METHODSFive hundred and eighty cases of cervical lymph node fine needle aspiration biopsy were reviewed retrospectively. Among them, histologic findings were available in 161 cases. The cytologic and histologic diagnoses were compared.

RESULTSThere were altogether 226 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 202 cases of specific inflammation, 45 cases of malignant lymphoma and 107 cases of metastatic carcinoma. The concordance rate between the cytologic and corresponding histologic diagnoses was 94.4%. The primary foci of most cases with metastatic carcinoma could be delineated by reviewing the clinical and pathologic finding. Inadequate cellularity was the main reason of making misdiagnosis and useful diagnostic clues might be obtained by careful study of the clinical findings.

CONCLUSIONSFine needle aspiration biopsy of cervical lymph node carries a high diagnostic accuracy. It provides important clues in guiding subsequent clinical management. However, for detailed subtyping of certain disease entities such as malignant lymphoma, surgical biopsy for histologic and immunohistochemical studies are required.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; methods ; Biopsy, Needle ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the Relations between hepatitis B virus large surface protein (LHBs) and HBV YMDD mutation, by detecting the hepatitis B virus large protein (LHBs) in Serum of patients with hepatitis B virus YMDD mutation.

METHODSSelected patients after lamivudine treatment, to HBV YMDD mutation detection, then detected LHBs and HBV DNA in Serum of all patients. Serum HBV-DNA was quantitively detected by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the LHBS was detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThere was positive correlation between the A value of LHBs and HBV DNA level in 65 cases of mutation patients (r = 0.961). There was positive correlation between the A value of LHBs and HBV DNA level in 75 cases of non-mutation patients (r = 0.954).

CONCLUSIONThere were positive correlation between the A value of LHBs and HBV DNA level in non-mutation patients and mutation patients, showed that LHBs can partially reflect the level of viral replication in patients, but not the impact of hepatitis B virus YMDD mutation.

Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Motifs ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; chemistry ; genetics ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; chemistry ; enzymology ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation, Missense ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; blood ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; Virus Replication ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of tetrandrine on reversion of mice S180's obtained multi-drug resistance tumor cell induced by chemotherapy by PFC. And then discuss the molecular mechanism of it for the use of TCM in clinic to restrain the drug-resistant of chemotherapy, thereby improve the curative effect.

METHODBy the methods of less dosage of chemotherapy PFC, give the mouse cisplatin 3 mg x kg(-1) i.p., once a week; CTX and 5-FU 3 mg x kg(-1) i.g. four weeks, set up the mice models of multi-drug resistance of S180 tumor cell, and then observe the P170, Fas, CD54 and apoposis by flow cytometry.

RESULTTetrandrine can obviously lower the express of P170 increase the express of Fas and the apoposis of drug resistant tumor cell. And at the same time it can obviously reduce the express of intercellular adhesion molecule (CD54).

CONCLUSIONTerandrine, with its adjustment of correlated biotic active matter, can intervene the occurrence of the multi-drug resistance of tumor cells induced by chemotherapy.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Benzylisoquinolines ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Sarcoma 180 ; metabolism ; pathology ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficiency and safety of two-micron laser resection of the prostate-tangerine technique (TmLRP-TT) for the treatment of large-volume ( > 70 ml) prostate in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSThis retrospective analysis included 80 BPH patients with the prostatic volume larger than 70 ml, all treated by TmLRP-TT. We comparatively analyzed the levels of hemoglobin and serum sodium before and after surgery, recorded intra- and post-operative com- plications, and followed up the patients at 6 and 12 months after operation for International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL), maximum flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual urine volume (PVR).

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully completed. The mean hemoglobin decreased (0.68 +/- 0.43) g/dl intraoperatively, but no apparent reduction was observed in serum sodium. Lower urinary tract symptoms were relieved significantly in all the cases. At 12 months after surgery, IPSS was decreased by 73.89% as compared with the baseline (20.03 +/- 6.9 vs 5.23 +/- 3.59), QOL by 64.55% (4.09 +/- 1.19 vs 1.45 +/- 1.36), and PVR by 79.30% (97.31 +/- 57.90 vs 20.14 +/- 24.20 ml), while Qmax increased by 140.42% ([8.04 +/- 3.62] vs [19.33 +/- 3.28] ml/s). The incidence of complications was low either intraoperatively or during the 12 months after operation.

CONCLUSIONTmLRP-TT is a safe and effective surgical endoscopic approach to the treatment of large-volume prostate in BPH patients.

Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDIntubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) offers a new approach for orotracheal intubation and is expected to produce less cardiovascular stress responses. However, the available studies provide inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is a clinically relevant difference in hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation by using ILMA and direct laryngoscope (DLS).

METHODSA total of 53 adult patients, ASA physical status I-II, scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia requiring the orotracheal intubation, were randomly allocated to either DLS or ILMA groups. After a standard intravenous anesthesia induction, orotracheal intubation was performed. Noninvasive blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before (baseline values) and after anesthesia induction (post-induction values), at intubation and every minute for the first 5 minutes after intubation. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test, paired and unpaired Student's t test, and repeated-measures analysis of variance as appropriate.

RESULTSThe mean intubation time in the ILMA group was longer than that in the DLS group (P < 0.05). The blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly after intubation in the two groups compared to the post-induction values (P < 0.05), but the maximum value of blood pressure during the observation did not exceed the baseline value, while the maximum value of heart rate was higher than the baseline (P < 0.05). During the observation, there were no significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate among each time point and in the maximum values between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSOrotracheal intubations by using ILMA and DLS produce similar hemodynamic response. ILMA has no advantage in attenuating the hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation compared with DLS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Masks ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo compare the hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation with GlideScope videolaryngoscope (GSVL) and with fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) after induction of general anesthesia.

METHODSTotally 57 ASA physical status I - II adult patients undergoing elective plastic surgery and requiring orotracheal intubation were randomly allocated to either GSVL group (n = 29) or FOB group (n = 28). After a routine intravenous anesthetic induction, orotracheal intubation was performed. Noninvasive blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded before and after anesthetic induction, at intubation and thereafter at 1 minute interval for 5 minutes.

RESULTSThe intubation time was not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). After intubation, BP and HR exhibited significant increases compared to the post-induction values in both groups, but the maximum values of BP did not exceed the pre-induction values while the maximum value of HR was higher than the pre-induction value. During the observation, BP and HR at all time points as well as the maximum values of BP and HR had no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe orotracheal intubations using FOB and GSVL result in similar hemodynamic responses.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Circulation ; Bronchoscopes ; Elective Surgical Procedures ; Fiber Optic Technology ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; instrumentation ; Laryngoscopes ; Middle Aged ; Surgery, Plastic ; Video-Assisted Surgery ; instrumentation