Objective: To verify whether there exists melatoni n(Mel) receptor in human embryonic nervous system. Methods: Spec ific binding of Mel to embryonic brain and spinal cord was measured by radioliga nd binding assay. Results: 125　I-Mel binding s ites in optomeninx was the most, in eptochiasm and sniff ball was next; GTPγS d ose-de pendently inhibited the binding. Conclusion: The results demonst rate the presence of specific binding of Mel in human embryonic brain and spinal cord. GTPγS has some effect on 125　I-Mel specific binding,support ing the theory that Mel receptor is coupled to inhibitory G-proteins.

Animals ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; drug effects ; Extinction, Psychological ; drug effects ; physiology ; Fear ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Mifepristone ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The aim of this study is to compare the contents of five types of anthraquinones which mainly includes chrysophanol, physcion, emodin, rhein and physcion and phenolic acids in ten different processed products from Rheum officinale, and to investigate the effect of different initial processing method on the contents of anthraquinones and phenolic acids. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out by SPSS software to evaluate the quality of different processed products from Rh. officinale. In conclusion, the contents of anthraquinones in different processed products from Rh. officinale assume the certain regularity. Whether fresh-cut Rheum officinale Bail and how to dry it are derectly effect the contents of anthraquinones and phenolic compounds. The content of anthraquinones in rheum officinale of drying is obviously higher than smudging, and was more abundant in branch root than tap roots. Rh. officinale of drying which growed in Fengjie gained the highest score in PCA. Meanwhile, the procedure of wetting also help to increase the content of anthraquinones and decrease the content of phenolic acids.
Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hydroxybenzoates ; chemistry ; Rheum ; chemistry

Caused by Helminthosporium carposaprum, tomato brown lea f spot was a serious disease in green house in Henan Province. The condition for promoting sporulation of fungi were tested in this paper. The results showed th at the number of sporulation were different on the different medium,the fungi c ould sporulate a lot on the PDA+tomato leaf and Czapek medium, but V8、PSA and t omato juice restrained sporulation.The best carbon source and nitrogen source f or the fungi promoting sporulation were fructose and ammonium chloride respectiv ely,mannitol and Peptone ammonium sulfate restrained sporulation. Light and ult raviolet radiation were in favor of sporulation , ultraviolet radiation irradiat ing for 60～80min promoted sporulation. The fungi were promoted sporulation on the condition of lower or higher temperature and alkalescence,which 15℃o r 30℃,pH 8～9.

Objective: To investigate the changes of adhesion molecules in peripheral blood in patients with recurrent cerebral infarction. Methods: By cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the expression of integrin Mac-1 ?-sub-unit(CD18) ,intercellular adhesion molecule-3(CD50) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54) ,very late antigen-4 ?-subunit and p-subunit(CD49d and CD29),CD44 and L-selectin(CD62L) in lymphocyte,the expression of platelet membrane glycopro-tein I b- I a complex a-subunit (CD41), P-selectin (CI)62p) ,the serum level of soluble P-selectin(sP-selectin) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were measured in 33 recurrent cerebral infarction patients and 44 patients with previous ever-single cerebral infarction history. Results: Compared with previous ever-single cerebral infarction history patients, the positive percentage of CD18,CD50,CD54 ,CD49d,CD29,CD44 and CD62L in lymphocytes ,CD41 on platelet did not significantly change,while the positive percentage of CD62p on platelet and the level sP-selectin,sICAM-1 were significantly higher (P

Two new species of Fulvifomes are described from specimens collected in rainforests of Nonggang Nature Reserve of southern China, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nLSU) sequences. Fulvifomes nonggangensis sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile and solitary basidiocarps, applanate pileus, small cystidioles of 9.9–15.4 Â 2.9–3.5 lm, large pores of 5–6 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores of 4.3–5.3 Â 3.3–4.2 lm. F. tubogeneratus sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile, and imbricate basidiocarps, a duplex context, small pores of 7–8 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and ovoid to subglobose basidiospores of 5.72 Â 5.00 lm.

Two new species of Fulvifomes are described from specimens collected in rainforests of Nonggang Nature Reserve of southern China, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nLSU) sequences. Fulvifomes nonggangensis sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile and solitary basidiocarps, applanate pileus, small cystidioles of 9.9–15.4 Â 2.9–3.5 lm, large pores of 5–6 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores of 4.3–5.3 Â 3.3–4.2 lm. F. tubogeneratus sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile, and imbricate basidiocarps, a duplex context, small pores of 7–8 per mm, a dimitic hyphal system, and ovoid to subglobose basidiospores of 5.72 Â 5.00 lm.

Objective:To characterize the allele frequencies and its polymorphisms of human platelet antigen (HPA) in Guangzhou population.Methods:A total of 500 samples from healthy voluntary platelet donors in Guangzhou were genotyped for HPA-1 to-17 by PCR-SSP.Results:HPA-1a to-17a alleles were found in each of the samples;The gene frequencies of HPA-1a to-17a were 99.8%,99.85%,56.3%,99.9%,98.8%,98.6%,100%,100%,100%,100%,100%,100%,100%,100%,55.1%,and 100%,100% respectively.The gene frequencies of HPA-1b to-6b and-15b alleles were 0.2%,0.15%,43.7%,0.1%,1.2%,1.4% and 44.9% respectively;HPA-7b to-14b and-16b-17b were not detected.In summary Guangzhou population displayed higher frequency of HPA-1a to-17a and HPA-3b,-15b.Compared with those of other Han populations in China,HPA frequency of Guangzhou people was significantly different from that of Beijing;Compared to that of the European,American,English and Egyptians,HPA frequency was different significantly.While HPA frequency was different from those of Japanese and Thais.This study for the first time investigated the assortment of HPA genes and its frequency,there were 40 assortments in Guangzhou population,only 5 assortment of HPA gene frequencies more than 10%,35 assortment of HPA gene frequencies less than 9%.Conclusion:HPA distribution in Guangzhou population appears to have local characteristics.This study confirms the ethnic and original difference of HPA.The allele frequencies and its polymorphisms of HPA in Han population are shown North-South differences.Races and countries outside Asia are also shown differences.The basic information provided by this study of the HPA system polymorphisms is useful to guide the design of the local HPA genotype database of volunteer platelet donors.It's also useful to avoid the PTR,and the HPA related clinical research.

OBJECTIVETo isolate and culture human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and explore their biological features and ultrastructure.

METHODSAfter isolating MSCs from the human umbilical cord, the proliferation, cycle, and apoptosis were observed. The cell ultrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscope. The cytokines including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSHuman umbilical cord MSCs had fibroblast-like morphology and increased proliferation capability. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the MSCs had active cellular metabolism and strong migration and differentiation capabilities. Meanwhile, they could secrete anti-apoptotic cytokines such as VEGF, IGF-1, and HGF.

CONCLUSIONHuman umbilical cord MSCs can secrete many anti-apoptotic cytokine and have good biological features.

Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Umbilical Cord ; cytology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Directive 2004/24/EC of the European Parliament and the Council entered into force on April 30th, 2004. After 7 years, there is no Chinese medicine to be registered successfully in European market as traditional herbal medicinal products. The thesis gives some ideas to tackle this problem. Procedure for the Preparation of Community Monographs for Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products (EMEA/HMPC/182320/2005) published by European Medicines Agency is an important guidance for traditional herbal products to enter European Community monographs. The thesis introduces and details the procedure as well as gives feasible suggestions about the procedure. It suggests that Chinese medicines enter European Community monographs first, and then apply the registration according to the directive 2004/24/EC. This is an easier access to European market.