Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of influenza vaccine among people aged 70 years and older in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide a basis for formulating immunization strategies. Methods: The influenza-like illness (ILI) cases aged 70 years and older treated in influenza surveillance sentinel hospital in Jiaxing City from November 2022 to May 2023 were selected. The medical information and influenza vaccination information were collected by a questionnaire survey, and influenza virus was detected using the quantitative fluorescent real-time PCR assay. The test-negative design case-control study was used to analyze the influencing factors of influenza virus positive and evaluate vaccine effect (VE). Results: Totally 1 084 ILI cases were enrolled, including 535 males (49.35%) and 549 females (50.64%). There were 732 cases (67.53%) aged 70 to 79 years, and 352 cases (32.47%) aged 80 years and older. There were 689 cases with underlying diseases, accounting for 63.56%. A total of 224 influenza virus positive samples were detected, with a positive rate of 20.66%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that a lower possibility of influenza virus positive was seen in ILI cases aged 80 years and older, with underlying diseases and with influenza vaccination in the current season (all P<0.05). A total of 345 cases were vaccinated against influenza in the current season, with a vaccination rate of 31.83%. The VE of influenza vaccine was 37.40% (95%CI: 12.40%-55.40%), of which the VE to A (H1N1) was 36.00% (95%CI: 7.50%-55.70%) and to A (H3N2) was 40.90% (95%CI: -26.00%-72.30%). The VE for ILI cases aged 70 to 79 years was 41.00% (95%CI: 13.90%-59.60%), and for ILI cases aged 80 years and older was 20.60% (95%CI: -64.60%-61.70%). Conclusions Influenza vaccine has a certain protective effect on cases aged 70 years and older. Free influenza vaccination for the elderly should be continuously promoted and the vaccination coverage should be increased.

Objective·To construct C-shaped cartilage rings by rabbit auricular cartilage-derived chondrocytes combing with both electrospun gelatin/ polycaprolactone(GT/PCL) nanofibrous membranes and 3D printed supporters for repairing tracheal cartilage defects.Methods·Primary chondrocytes were isolated from rabbit auricular cartilage with methods of trypsin enzyme digestion and collagenase enzyme digestion.After proliferation in vitro,the chondrocytes of passage 2 were harvested for further experiments.Ultrafine composite fibers of GT/PCL were fabricated via electrospinning.The electrospun GT/PCL membranes were tailored into rectangle shape,the length of which is 12 cm and the width is 2.5 cm.Chondrocytes were seeded on membrane at a density of 1 × 108 cells/mL.Then the membrane were rolled onto a 3D printed supporter of poly(DL-lactide-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) material to construct a C-shaped cartilage-like complex.After 8 weeks of subcutaneous incubation in vivo,gross inspection and paraffin section staining were applied for evaluation.Results·After 8 weeks of culture in vivo,mature cartilage-like tissue were formed with open-cylindrical bellow appearance and pecific mechanical property.C-shaped rings arranged at regular intervals on the inner surface of tissue,which were similar to the normal structure of tracheal cartilages.Histological and immunohistological staining showed a large number of typical lacunar structures and extracellular matrix secretions.Conclusion·It is feasible to construct tissue engineered C-shaped cartilage tissue by combing chondrocytes with GT/PCL membrane and 3D printed PLCL supporter for tracheal cartilage repair.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relation between atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary heart disease according to the pathological data.

METHODTotal 540 out of 1012 anatomic older cases were admitted to our study, according to the clinical and pathological data in our hospital.

RESULTS(1) The incidence of AF increased significantly with aging (Cochran-Armitage trend test, P<0.01). (2) The AF patients were more likely to accompany coronary heart disease (P=0.0028) based on the anatomical documentation; the incidence of myocardial infarction in the AF group was statistically significant higher than that in the sinus rhythm group (P=0.0144). The level of coronary artery lesion in AF group was statistically significant severe than that in the sinus rhythm group. (3) Age (OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.11 - 1.60), male (OR=5.71, 95% CI 1.87 - 17.39) and chronic heart failure (OR=1.87, 95% CI 1.27 - 2.76) were independent risk factors of AF based on multivariant logistic analysis, while coronary heart disease (OR=1.47, 95% CI 0.91 - 2.39) was not an independent risk factor.

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of AF increases significantly with aging in the elderly. The AF patients seem more likely to accompany coronary heart disease but coronary heart disease may be not the independent risk factor of AF in the elderly.

Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrial Fibrillation ; epidemiology ; Coronary Disease ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Pathology, Clinical ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors

The change of the effective components (liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin) contents of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (GRR) before and after compatibilities in Sini decoction was studied in this paper. Taking single GRR decoction, GRR-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (ALRP) decoction, GRR-Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR) decoction and Sini decoction as test samples, the contents changing of the four effective components of GRR were measured by HPLC. The results showed that the contents of the four effective components of GRR in the single GRR decoction was higher than that in other samples, and the sequence was single GRR decoction > GRR-ZR decoction > GRR-ALRP decoction > Sini decoction. The contents of liquiritin were 11.18, 9.89, 9.67, 9.17 mg · g(-1); the contents of glycyrrhizic acid were 20.76, 15.58, 11.30, 8.52 mg · g(-1); the contents of liquiritigenin were 0.66, 0.57, 0.45, 0.24 mg · g(-1); the contents of isoliquiritigenin were 0.14, 0.07, 0.03, 0.01 mg · g(-1). Therefore, the effective components of GRR decreased obviously after GRR compatibility with ZR providing scientific basis for GRR relieving the strong nature of ZR. The effective components of GRR decreased sharply after GRR compatibility with ALRP providing scientific support for the material foundation research of GRR reducing the toxicity of ALRP. The effective components of GRR decreased further in Sini decoction indicating that the three medicines in Sini decoction were interactional, which reflecting the scientific connotation of the mutual-restraint/mutual-detoxication, mutual-promotion/mutual-assistance compatibilities in Sini decoction.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Objective To construct eukaryotic enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expressing recombinant plasmid, pEGFP-C1-hnRNP A1, which contains coding sequence of human hnRNP A1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleo-protein A1), and to perform cellular localization analysis of EGFP tagged hnRNP A1 under stress. Methods Total RNA was isolated from HeLa cell used for synthesis of first-strand cDNAs using reverse primers that are specific for the 3′-un-translated region of hnRNP A1. hnRNP A1 gene fragments were then amplified by touch-down PCR from those cDNAs and inserted into pEGFP-C1 fluorescent bearing vector through EcoRⅠ/BamHⅡdouble enzyme digestion and T4 DNA Ligase connection. The recombinant pEGFP-C1-hnRNP A1 plasmid was transfected into HeLa cells and green fluorescent tagged fusion proteins was examined by Western blot and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Co-localization of EGFP-hnRNP A 1 with poly (A)+mRNA (the marker of the stress granules), or DCP1a (the marker of processome) were detected by RNA fluores-cence in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence. Results The pEGFP-C1-hnRNP A1 was sequenced and digested cor-rectly by restriction single/double enzyme. The green fluorescent fusion protein was also detected in transfected HeLa cell by Western blot and confocal fluorescence microscopy. EGFP-hnRNP A1 co-localizes with poly(A)+mRNA, but not DCP1a. Conclusion Recombinant eukaryotic plasmid of pEGFP-C1-hnRNP A1 was constructed successfully and expressed effec-tively. EGFP tagged hnRNP A1 takes part in forming stress granules.

Objective To summarize the clinical features of 22 probands diagnosed with congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD),and to provide genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for 23 fetuses of these pedigrees.Methods Data of 22 CMD patients who were treated in the Pediatric Department of Peking University First Hospital during October 2006 to March 2016 were analyzed.Informed written consents for participation in this study were obtained from the parents or guardians.Prenatal diagnosis was performed using DNA samples extracted from fetal villus cells of 12 cases at 11-13 gestational weeks and amniotic fluid of 11 cases at 18-22 gestational weeks.Direct DNA sequencing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were used to detect CMD-related gene mutations.Linkage analysis of short tandem repeats (STRs) was used to identify maternal blood contamination and biological parents.Results Thirteen out of the 22 probands with CMD were diagnosed with congenital muscular dystrophy type 1 A (MDC1A),and all of them carried compound heterozygous mutations in LAMA2 gene.Prenatal diagnosis of 13 fetuses from these pedigrees found that four fetuses were wild-type,seven were heterozygotes and two carried the same mutations as their proband.Three probands with LMNA-related congenital muscular dystrophy (L-CMD) carried de novo mutations in LMNA gene.In these pedigrees,two fetuses were wild-type and one whose mother was mosaicism carried the same mutations as the proband.One proband with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy carried compound heterozygous mutations in COL6A2 gene and the fetus of the same pedigree was wild-type.Five probands were diagnosed with α-dystroglycanopathies.And among them,two cases of muscle-eye-brain disease (MEB) carried compound heterozygous mutations in POMGnT1 gene and the fetuses of the two peidgrees were heterozygotes;one case of congenital muscular dystrophy type 1C (MDC1C) had compound heterozygous mutations in FKRP gene and the fetus carried the same mutations;one patient diagnosed with POMGnT1-related congenital muscular dystrophy with mental retardation (CMD-MR) carried compound heterozygous mutations in POMGnT1 gene,and the fetus was positive for the same mutations;one proband with POMT1-related CMD-MR was positive for compound heterozygous mutations in POMT1 gene and the results of prenatal diagnosis for two fetuses of this pedigree showed that the first fetus had the same mutations as the proband,while the second was heterozygote.Conclusions No effective therapeutic method is available for CMD.Therefore,accurate genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis are necessary to prevent CMD child from birth.

OBJECTIVETo analyze protein changes in the lung of Wistar rats exposed to gaseous formaldehyde (FA) at 32-37 mg/m3 for 4 h/day for 15 days using proteomics technique.

METHODSLung samples were solubilized and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), and gel patterns were scanned and analyzed for detection of differently expressed protein spots. These protein spots were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS and NCBInr protein database searching.

RESULTSFour proteins were altered significantly in 32-37 mg/m3 FA group, with 3 proteins up-regulated, 1 protein down-regulated. The 4 proteins were identified as aldose reductase, LIM protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and chloride intracellular channel 3.

CONCLUSIONThe four proteins are related to cell proliferation induced by FA and defense reaction of anti-oxidation. Proteomics is a powerful tool in research of environmental health, and has prospects in search for protein markers for disease diagnosis and monitoring.

Administration, Inhalation ; Animals ; Databases, Protein ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Female ; Formaldehyde ; toxicity ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Proteins ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the indications, surgical techniques and clinical effects of the fixation of posterior malleolus in complicated external rotation ankle fractures and illuminate the importance of anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation of posterior malleolar fracture.

METHODSFrom July 2007 to June 2009, 32 patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation,involving 21 males and 11 females with an average age of 36 years old (ranged from 19 to 68 years old). According to Lauge-Hansen classification: 13 cases of pronation-external rotation type (IV), 7 and 12 cases of supination-external rotation type (III and IV). Postoperative functional exercise and regular follow-up were done and outcomes were assessed.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 7 to 20 months,with an average of 14.5 months. According to Ankle Hindfoot Clinical Rating System of the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS), 23 patients got an excellent result, 7 good, 2 fair, 0 poor.

CONCLUSIONAnatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation of posterior malleolar fracture as well as early functional exercise have significance in restoring ankle joint function and reducing the incidence of traumatic arthritis.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rotation

OBJECTIVETo explore operative method in the treatment of syndesmosis injury of ankle fractures.

METHODSTwenty-four patients with ankle fractures and syndesmosis diastasis were treated with shape memory fracture staples, including 10 males and 14 females ranging in age from 19 to 71 years, with an average of 43 years. All patients were diagnosised with history, body examination and image data and were operated according to classification of Lauge-Hansen.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 28 months with an average of 16 months, and all fractures healed, with a mean time 9.2 (8 to 14) weeks. Only one case had radiological and clinical manifestations of traumatic arthritis, but no breakage of shape memory fracture staple in all cases. Sixteen patients got excellent results, good in 5, fair in 2, poor in 1.

CONCLUSIONShape memory staple fixation for the treatment of syndesmosis diastasis in ankle fractures not only can perseve the physical motion of ankles, but also be remove earlier before weight bearing.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Injuries ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult