The effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin injection (CSII, n=306) and multiple subcutaneous insulin injection (MSII, n=310)on hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus were compared. The results suggest that the effect of CSII is more prompt and efficient with lower incidence of hypoglycemia as compared with MSII.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the influence of retinoic acid (RA) on the undifferentiated state and EB formation abilities of human embryonic stem cells.

METHODSThe biological characteristics of H9 ESCs after RA treatment were characterized by real-time PCR, MTS proliferation assay and immunofluorescence staining. The expression of three germ layers markers, osteogenic differentiation markers and adipogenic differentiation markers in H9-differentiated embryoid bodies (EBs) with RA treatment were quantified by real time PCR.

RESULTSThe proliferation of H9 ESCs in the early logarithmic growth phase was accelerated by RA treatment. In addition, RA induced differentiation of H9 ESC coupled with morphology changes, decreased expression of undifferentiated markers Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 and OCT4 mRNA binding protein Lin28 at mRNA level, and reduced expression of Oct4 at protein level. RA induced formation of cavities in EBs. Real time PCR results showed that the expressions of ectodermal markers: NeuroD1, Noggin; mesodermal markers: Brachyury, Twist and endodermal markers: AFP, GATA-4 were significantly increased (P < 0.05), especially for AFP (P < 0.01), by RA treatment in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of adipogenic differentiation marker C/EBPalpha was increased while the osteogenic differentiation marker OPN was decreased in EBs after RA treatment for 5 days.

CONCLUSIONSHigh concentrations of RA induced the loss of stemness in H9 ESCs and excessive differentiation in EBs, and damaged the balance between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation during early EB differentiation, which may be relevant to the congenital malformations.

Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology

Objective:To explore the role of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO),an immunomodulatory enzyme,in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Methods:A total of 40 patients diagnosed as RCC in the Second Xiangya Hospital were included in this study.All patients received nephrectomy.The histopathological features of samples were assessed semi-quantitatively.IDO mRNA level in RCC and non-RCC renal tissues was determined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).And the expression of IDO protein in endothelial cells was examined by immunohistochemistry; a Kaplan-Meier survival curves was calculated on the basis of IDO mRNA level.Results:Level of IDO mRNA in RCC samples was significantly higher than that in tumor-free samples with P＜0.001.Patients with high IDO expression had an significantly longer survival time than those with low IDO expression (P=0.01).There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between IDO and proliferation marker Ki67.Patients with high IDO level were of low Ki67 level,and vice versa (P＜0.01).Conclusion:IDO might be a prognostic biomarker for patients with RCC.

This study aims to explore the temporal pattern of DNA breaks induced by nanosecond electric pulses (nsEP) in cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells. Human ovarian cancer cells A2780 (cisplatin-sensitive subline) and C30 (cisplatin-resistant subline) were exposed to nsEP. Sham exposed groups were shame exposed to nsEP. Cell viability was determined using CCK-8 assay after 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h, respectively, and the percentage of dead cells was calculated. The DNA break was detected with the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay), and the 75th percentiles of TL (tail length), TM (tail moment) and OTM (Olive tail moment) were measured. Cell viability displayed an early decrease and late increase, with the valley value seen at 8 h. Percentages of cell death and comet-formed in A2780 cells were higher than those in C30 cells (P < 0.05) at 8 h, respectively. TL, TM and OTM in C30 cells were less than those in A2780 cells (P < 0.05). The percentage of comet-formed correlated with that of cell death in either A2780 (r = 0.997, P < 0.05) or C30 (r = 0.998, P < 0.05) cells. DNA breaks induced by nsEP in cisplatin-sensitive cells differred from that in resistant cells, and DNA break resulted in fraction of cell death.
Cell Survival ; Cisplatin ; Comet Assay ; DNA Breaks ; DNA, Neoplasm ; Electricity ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To analyze the etiology and clinical characteristics of infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome (IMLS).Methods Eighty-seven children with IMLS in a hospital from January 2006 to September 2013 were per-formed pathogenic detection,then clinical features were summarized and analyzed.Results The top 5 pathogens in IMLS were Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP,n=20 ),cytomegalovirus (CMV,n=13),simplex herpes virus(HSV, n=11),Chlamydia (CP,n=11),and parvovirus B19 (Hpv B19,n=9 ),clinical manifestations of all kinds of dis-eases were similar,but the occurrence rates were slightly different.MP infection were mainly fever,hepatospleno-megaly,and lymphadenopathy,and most were associated with respiratory complications(including laryngitis,bron-chitis,and pneumonia),CMV infection were also showed fever and hepatosplenomegaly,but the latter was more ob-vious;rubella patients didn’t appear skin rash,but the other symptoms were obvious.Conclusion Etiologies of in-fectious mononucleosis-like syndrome are varied,MP infection is most common,the next is CMV.Pathogens should be ascertained to provide theoretical basis of treatment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect of retroviral endostatin gene transfer on the human colon cancer cell line, LoVo.

METHODSA retroviral vector pLESSN expressing secretable endostatin was constructed and packaged with a titer of 8.2 x 10(5) CFU/ml. A LoVo cell line was subjected to retrovirus-mediated endostatin gene transfer. The proviral integration of endostatin was analyzed with PCR. The function of endostatin was tested by MTT assay in vitro and a mouse xenograft model in vivo.

RESULTSAfter transfection and superinfection, amphotropic retrovirus was collected, and transduction with amphotropic retroviruses resulted in endostatin proviral integration. The endostatin secreted by transduced LoVo cells markedly inhibited cell growth up to 67% (P<0.001), compared with the control cells. The gene expression of endostatin in LoVo colon tumor cells significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. There was an 86% reduction in tumor size in the endostatin-transduced group, accompanied by a reduction in vessels, compared with the control group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONRetroviruses can allow functional expression of the endostatin gene in human colon tumors, showing promise for an antitumor strategy using antiangiogenesis.

Cell Division ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Endostatins ; genetics ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Retroviridae

Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Child ; Coxa Vara ; Hand Deformities, Congenital ; Humans ; Male ; Synovitis

Objective To investigate the action mode of borneol on activity of epidermal skin;To investigate action mode of borneol as penetration enhancer. Methods The well-established and standard penetration enhancer Azone was employed as a positive control in this study. The cytotoxicities of borneol and Azone on HaCaT cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, and their half 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated. The fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching was employed to investigate the effect of borneol and Azone on membrane fluidity, and the flow cytometer was used to monitor the changes of membrane potential of HaCaT cell after treated with these penetration enhancers. Results The IC50 values of borneol and Azone were 2.826 , 0.172 mmol/L, respectively. Borneol could significantly improve the membrane fluidity in a concentration-dependent manner, and effectively decrease the membrane potential of HaCaT cell, which exhibited the performances similar to those of Azone. Conclusion The penetration enhancement mechanism of borneol was associated with the concentrations of Ca2+ in keratinocytes, which changes the membrane fluidity and membrane potential of HaCaT cell.

Objective:To study the clinical features and treatment outcome of AIDS associated oral candidiasis.Methods:The clinical data of 31 cases with AIDSassociated oral candidiasis from 201209 to 201303 were studied retrospectively,including general data,clinical features,oral manifestation,CD4 cell count,opportunistic infections,and antifungal therapy outcome,etc.Results:CD4cell count ＜200 cell/μl was found in 30 cases,AIDSrelated multiple opportunistic infection was observed in 29 cases.30 cases hadpseudomembranous candidiasis,1 cases had erythematous candidiasis and 2 cases had pseudomembranous candidiasis with angular candidiasis.After antifungal treatment,the lesion of 8 cases reduced,that of 23 cases disappeared completely,lesion relapse after drugwithdrawal happened in 3 cases.Conclusion:AIDSassociated oral candidiasis was more common in AIDS patients with CD4 ＜200cells/μl,the main clinical form is pseudomembranous type,and with multiple opportunistic infections.The antifungal treatment is effective for the patients.

Objective:To study the influence of morphine on the expression of synaptophysin(SYN)and synapse structure in mice hippocampus,so as to provide pathological evidence for studying the development and treatment of chronic morphine intoxication, addiction and abstinence symptoms of morphine.Methods:Twenty mice were evenly randomized into control group and experiment group.Mice in control group were injected with normal saline(0.1 ml daily)and those in experimental group were injected with morphine(0.1 ml,1 mg daily).Thirty days later the mice in 2 groups were killed and their brain tissues were harvested and made into slices,stained with immunohistochemical techniques(SP)and photographed under the light microscope.The images were analyzed with the image analytical system and the data were statistically analyzed.Results:In the control group,positive staining of SYN was found in the entorhinal area,subiculum,stratum plextiforme,polymorphic layer of gyrus dentatus,stratum oriens,and stratum radiatum of hippocampus;weak positive staining of SYN was noticed in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of hippocampus;positive staining of SYN was also found the membrane of pyramidal cells and granule cells,with the mean gray scale value of the hippocampal structure being 132.84?8.67.Positively stained neurons was also found in the entorhinal area and the subiculum,with a intensity of(7.80?1.03)/ mm~2.In the experiment group,the suhiculum and polymorphic layers of gyrus dentatus were positively stained for SYN;the entorhinal area,stratum oriens,stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare of hippocampus were strongly positive of SYN;the membrane of pyramidal cells and granule ceils were also strongly positive of SYN,with the mean gray scale value of the hippocampal structure being 116.27?5.70.Strongly stained neurons were also found in the entorhinal area and the subiculum,with the intensity being(11.90?1.45)/mm~2.The number of SYN positive neurons and the intensity of SYN in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group(P