Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

Aim To establish in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model with characteristics of simulation of in vivo BBB by primi-tive co-culture of brain-microvessel endothelial cells (BMECs) with brain-microvessel pericytes (BMPC)and astrocytes (AS). Methods BMECs,BMPC and AS from SD rats were primitively isolated,purified and cultured,and then primitive culture cells were identified by cellular morphological and immunocytochemi-cal staining methods.Five types of in vitro BBB models were es-tablished by using Millicell culture insert (pore diameter 0.4μm)and their barrier functions were evaluated by detection of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER),permeability of sodium fluorescent (Na-FLU ),expression of alkaline phospha-tase (AKP)and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT1 ),and simi-larity of permeation amount for positive drugs in vitro and in vivo BBB conditions.Results Primitive culture of BMECs presented typical pebbles-like structure,BMPC presented larger soma with branching property,AS presented slender synapse and shallower cytoplasm.Moreover,immunocytochemical staining results iden-tified primitive cells were targeted cells.TEER value for co-cul-ture of BMECs,BMPC and AS reached (478 ±25 )Ω· cm2 , permeability coefficients (Papp )value of Na-FLU was [(8.23 ± 0.78) ×10 -6 ]cm·s-1 ,expression of AKP and γ-GT1 were (6.90 ±0.27 )King unit · g-1 Pro and (4.39 ±0.32 )μg · g-1 Pro respectively.Moreover,good correlation could be found in Papp for positive controls in vitro and in vivo BBB models (R2=0.92).Conclusion The established in vitro BBB model by using primitive co-culture of BMECs with BMPC and AS posses-ses in vivo BBB properties in cell morphology,structures and barrier functions,and can be used as a powerful tool for studying physiology,pathology of BBB and screening candidate com-pounds.

Aim To establish a highly purified,active and prac-tical extract and primitive culture method for rat brain microvas-cular endothelial cells ( BMECs) for providing materials for con-struction in vitro blood-brain barrier ( BBB) model. Methods Cerebral cortex of 1-2 week SD rats was collected,and successive digestion with typeⅡcollagenase and collagenase/dispase, sieve filtration and then twice gradient centrifugation in 20% BSA and 44% Percoll condition were used to obtain brain microvascular section. After that brain microvascular section was seeded in cul-ture bottle and then primarily cultured. Inverted microscope and factor-VIII relative antigen immunostaining methods were used for cellular morphological observation and identification. Results BMECs climbed out the vessel segment and proliferated with ad-herence after 2 h in vitro culture,and they became typical peb-bles structure after further 3-4 d culture. Morever, factor-VIII relative antigen immunostaining identified that expression for the endothelial cells was positive,cytoplasm was brown and positive cells account for more than 99%. Conclusion Rat BMECs with high purity could be extracted and cultured by using the above methods,and it has great potential for construction in vitro BBB model and in depth studies on biological characteristics and func-tions of BMECs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the concentration of water fluoride and the application of water defluoridation projects in Suizhou,and to provide a basis for water improvement and prevention of the disease.MethodsCross-sectional study was carried out to investigate completely the water defluoridation projects built between 1986 and 2009 in the area under Suizhou's jurisdiction; 3 source water and terminal water samples of the projects in use were collected,respectively; 1 water sample was collected,respectively in the 3 projects with out-ofcommission or discarded water sources that used to be major water supply,for detection of fluoride,chloride,total hardness,heavy metals and other indicators.ResultsA total of 21 projects were investigated,14 projects were in normal use (66.7％),7 projects were out of order and abandoned (33.3％).Of the 14 projects normally used,13projects with water fluoride concentration ≤ 1.0 mg/L(92.9％)and 1 project with water fluoride concentration higher than 1.0 mg/L(7.1％),the concentration of water fluoride in the 7 abandoned projects was higher than 1.0 mg/L(100％).Arsenic and lead levels of all the water samples were normal.There were two water samples with iron content exceeded the standard,and one total hardness of water samples exceeded the standard in the normally used 14 peripheral water sources.One chloride content exceeded the standard,one manganese content exceeded the standard,two iron content exceeded the standard and three total hardness exceeded the standard in the seven abandoned projects.ConclusionsSome defluoridation projects are stopped using and abandoned in Suizhou,and the water fluoride exceeds the standard.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of fluid percussion injury(FPI) on survival and differentiation of transplanted human embryonic neural stem cells (HNSCs) in rats. MethodsThe HNSCs were separated from the cerebral cortex of the 8-week-old fetal and were cultured in DMEM/F12 combinated with EGF, bFGF and LIF. The rat models of FPI were made with fluid percussion system. The HNSCs labeled with BrdU were transplanted into the injured zone 24 hours after brain injury, then the rats were killed at the 1st and 4th week post-transplanted stages, and the brain slices were stained with immunocytochemistry. The GFAP, MAP-2, and BrdU positive cells were investigated.ResultsThe transplanted HNSCs migrated to the whole brain, and differentiated into GFAP and MAP-2 positive cells. MAP-2 positive cells were observed at 1 week post-transplanted stage, on the contrary, more GFAP positive cells were discovered 4 weeks after transplantation. Part of the HNSCs migrated to the choroids plexus of the lateral ventricle and microvessels. ConclusionThe transplanted HNSCs survive in the injured zone, and differentiate into astrocytes gradually during the recovery. The host devours part of the HNSCs.

Hypoxic preconditioning with different simulated altitudes (3?000 m and 5?000 m) was performed on Wistar rats and the evoked population spikes were recorded from the hippocampal slices of these rats. The results showed that the appearance of hypoxic injury potential (HIP) and the disappearance of presynaptic volley (PV) were significantly delayed in response to acute lethal hypoxia. HIP and PV delay became more apparent when the hypoxic preconditioning altitude was increased from 3?000 m to 5?000 m. After reoxygenation, the recovery rate of PV in hypoxic preconditioning groups at 3?000 m and 5?000 m was apparently higher than that of control. The above results suggest that hypoxic preconditioning of animals in vivo increases hypoxic tolerance of hippocampal neurons.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Male ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; Neurons ; cytology ; Olfactory Mucosa ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Splint fixation is an external fixation system,composed of retainer, splint, paper pad and traction. Pressure under retainer is the power source of splint fixation in treatment of fractures. Now we have a review literature about the progress of type and biomechanics of fixation retainer of splint, to offer the scientific parameters for modern reform of fixation retainer of splint.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Splints ; classification

Objective: To preliminarily establish the reference interval for serum creatinine in healthy adults aged 20-79 years in city of Lianyungang. Methods: A total of 34 577 cases of reference individuals were selected from physical examination population by using the principle of complete randomization, and the concentration of serum creatinine was detected by AU5821 automatic biochemical analyzer with its matching reagents.According to the standards of CLSI C28-A3 and WS/T 402-2012 " Clinical Laboratory Test Project Reference Interval Formulation" , the reference interval of serum creatinine was established. Results: There was statistically significant difference of serum creatinine in gender and age between healthy adults in this area (male group: 78[72-84]μmol/L, female group: 61[56-66]μmol/L; aged 20-59 of male group: 78[72-84]μmol/L, aged 60-79 of male group: 77[70-85]μmol/L; aged 20-59 of female group: 60[56-65]μmol/L, aged 60-79 of female group: 63[58-69]μmol/L) (Z=120.93, Z=31.53, Z=28.45; all P<0.05). Therefore, the reference interval of serum creatinine was established based on gender and age, and its reference interval was 61-97μmol/L (aged 20-59 of male), 60-106μmol/L (aged 60-79 of male), 47-76μmol/L (aged 20-59 of female) and 49-86μmol/L (aged 60-79 of female), respectively. Conclusion Establishment of reference interval in serum creatinine plays an important role in the auxiliary diagnosis, progression and prognosis evaluation of various kidney diseases.

OBJECTIVETo probe into a safe and effective method for treatment of functional ventricular premature, and develop a new preparation of Chinese herbs with high science and technique contents.

METHODSTwo hundred and thirty-eight cases were randomly divided into a slowly-releasing medication group (n = 118) and a western medicine group (n = 120). The slowly-control needle group were treated with intramuscular injection of slowly-releasing medication new type preparation made by proved recipe of Chinese herbs with replenishing and strengthening pectoral qi, and nourishing yin and tranquillization into Tanzhong (CV 17), Neiguan (PC 6), Xinshu (BL 15), Pishu (BL 20) and Feishu (BL 13) by a trocar to slowly release and control releasing of the medicine so as to maintain lasting stimulation; the western medicine group with oral administration of Rythmol, thrice daily, 150 mg each time.

RESULTSThe cured rate and the cured and markedly effective rate for the ventricular premature was 51.7% and 71.2% in the slowly-releasing medication group, which were significantly higher than 28.3% and 50.8% in the western medicine group (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe slowly-releasing medication new type preparation has a better therapeutic effect on functional ventricular premature, with high safety.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Ventricular Premature Complexes ; physiopathology ; therapy