Objective To determine the effect of 6-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to reduce postoperation bleeding following in mitral valve replacement.Method 50 adult patients uddergoing mitral valve replacement was adopted a double-bisind randomized trial to be divided into two groups.Each group is 25 patients.The patients in control groups received NS,the ones in study groups received NS as same as control groups but added EACE 10 g by intravation.The bleeding amount in cavitas thoracis were recorded on the sixth,twenty-fourth postoperative hours and ACT was recorded as well.Results The bleeding amount in study groups on the sixth postoperative hours were (290.0±41.3) ml.On twenty-fourth postoperative hours were (336.3±81.3) ml.The bleeding amount in control groups on the sixth postoperative hours were (393.4±73.6) ml.On twenty-fourth postoperative hours were (450.0±79.6) ml.The bleeding amount in study groups were decreased significantly as compared with in control groups (P<0.05).Conclusion:6-aminocaproic acid can reduce postoperation bleeding following in mitral valve replacement.

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effects of combined anterior-posterior (small incision or micro-incision) approach for complex tibial plateau and posterior condylar fractures.

METHODSFrom 2000 to 2008, 79 patients (81 limbs) with complex tibial plateau and posterior condylar fractures were reviewed. There were 45 males and 34 females, ranging in age from 19 to 66 years, with an average of 40.6 years. Thirty-nine limbs were treated using small incision through combined anterior-posterior approach, in which 13 limbs were Schatzker type IV, 15 limbs were type V ,and 11 limbs were type VI. Other 42 limbs were treated using micro-incision through combined anterior-posterior approach, in which 18 limbs were Schatzker type IV, 16 limbs were type V, and 8 limbs were type VI. The Rasmussen scores for knee joint and radio scores were used to evaluate therapeutic effects after the treatment. The complications such as cutaneous necrosis and incision infection were observed.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up. According to Rasmussen criterion, in small incision group, 16 limbs got an excellent result, 13 good, 7 fair and 3 bad; in micro-incision group,above data were 19, 11, 8 and 4 respectively. Comparison between the two groups, P = 0.924. Comparison of complications such as cutaneous necrosis and incision infection: in small incision group,10 limbs had the complications, and in micro-incision group were 4 limbs; the occurrence rate of small incision group were higher than that of micro-incision group (P = 0.047).

CONCLUSIONThere are no significant differences between the two groups in the knee joint function rehabilitation; however, there is smaller rate for cutaneous necrosis and incision infection in micro-incision group.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; methods ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of Diminished Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale(DCRRS) to schizophrenia offenders. METHODS: The DCRRS were used respectively to 325 cases of schizophrenia offender which were divided into three groups according to the degree of criminal responsibility. RESULTS: There were significant differences in rating score among three groups (mild group 21.16 +/- 4.17, moderate group 25.87 +/- 5.43, major group 29.35 +/- 4.60), and all items have good correlation with the total score of the scale. 6 factors were extracted by the factor analysis, and their cumulative squared loadings is 68.485%. CONCLUSION The diminished criminal responsibility in schizophrenia offenders could be divided into three grades.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Crime/psychology* ; Discriminant Analysis ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Mental Competency/psychology* ; Mentally Ill Persons/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Schizophrenia ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of Diminished Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale (DCRRS) to mental retardation offenders. METHODS: The DCRRS was used to 121 cases of mental retardation offenders who were divided into three groups according to the degree of their diminished criminal responsibility. RESULTS: There were significant differences in rating score among the three groups (mild group 22.12+/-4.69, moderate group 25.50+/-5.48, major group 27.59+/-5.69), and 17 items had good correlation with the total score of the scale with the correlation coefficient from 0.289 to 0.665. Six factors were extracted by the factor analysis, and 69.392% variation could be explained. CONCLUSION The DCRRS has rational items, its total score could show the difference among the three degree diminished criminal responsibility of mental retardation offenders.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Crime/psychology* ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Mental Competency/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in giiomas and brain metastases, and explore the role of VEGF and AQP4 in the histopathology and formation of peritumoral edema of primary and metastatic gliomas. Methods Immunohistocbemical method was used to examine the protein expression of VEGF and AQP4 in 73 paraffin-embeded, pathologically confirmed glioma and 15 metastatic tumor specimens collected between 1999 and 2001. Eight normal brain tissue specimens were used as the control. Results VEGF protein was not detected in normal brain tissues. VEGF expression was detected in gliomas and the expression level increased obviously along with the histological grade of the tumor. Significant differences were found in VEGF expression between malignant and low-grade gliomas, between low-grade gliomas and normal brain tissues, and between intracranial metastatic tumors and normal brain tissues and low-grade gliomas (P<0.05), but not between intracranial metastatic tumors and malignant gliomas (P>0.05). AQP4 protein expression was found in all the collected samples, and its expression differed significantly between normal brain tissues and malignant gliomas or intracranial metastatic tumors, and also between low-grade gliomas and malignant gliomas or intracranial metastatic tumors (P<0.05), but not between normal brain tissues and low-grade gliomas or between intracranialmetastatic tumors and malignant gliomas (P>0.05). VEGF protein expression showed a significant positive correlation to AQP4 protein expression (r=0.516, P<0.05). Conclusion As important molecular biological factors, VEGF and AQP4 participate in the formation peritumoral brain edema of gliomas and exhibit a synergie effect in this process.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of mini-implant lengths on stress distribution in peri-implant surface.

METHODSThe 3D finite element analysis mandible and mini-implant models with diameter of 1.6 mm, lengths of 6, 8, 10 and 12 mm were established. The mini-implants were inserted into designed site of mandibular vertically, respectively. A force of 1.96 N were applied mesioly and 45 degrees tilted mesio-vertically in models. The stress distribution under every condition was recorded and analyzed.

RESULTSWhen load was applied mesially, the maximum stress varied from 3.500 to 3.765 MPa, the maximum displacement varied from 1.266 to 1.288 microm. When load was applied 45 degrees tilted mesio-vertically, the maximum stress varied from 4.075 to 4.510 MPa, the maximum displacement varied from 1.668 to 1.694 microm. All of the maximum stress and displacement of loading mesially were lower than loading mesio-vertically.

CONCLUSIONThe change of the mini-implant length within 6-12 mm don't show much influence on the stress distribution. The loading type is an important factor influencing stress and displacement of peri-implant bone.

Dental Prosthesis Design ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Mandible

Animals ; Female ; Genes, MHC Class I ; Genes, MHC Class II ; Lung ; immunology ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Ovalbumin ; immunology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo explore the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), especially those in the urinary storage phase, following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and to improve the postoperative management and patients' quality of life after TURP.

METHODSA total of 86 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) underwent TURP, and were interviewed on urinary symptoms at 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after removal of the catheter. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had preoperative detrusor instability and/or compliance of the bladder (Group A) or not (Group B), and observed for the changes in IPSS scores and urinary storage symptoms after removal of the catheter.

RESULTSComplete follow-ups were achieved in 71 cases, 28 with detrusor instability and/or compliance of the bladder and the other 43 without. Their IPSS scores on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th and 30th day after removal of the catheter were 8.1 +/- 2.5, 7.2 +/- 3.1, 6.3 +/- 3.8, 5.3 +/- 4.2 and 2.4 +/- 3.4, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the 7th and the 1st as well as the 30th and the 15th day (P < 0.05), but not between the 1st and the3rd nor the 15th and the 7th day (P > 0.05). On the 1st day, the cardinal symptoms in the urinary storage phase were urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence; the scores on IPSS and urinary storage symptoms were 10.4 +/- 3.3 and 9.3 +/- 3.8 in Group A and 6.2 +/- 2.8 and 5.2 +/- 2.7 in Group B, with significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment with tolterodine and alpha-adrenoreceptor inhibitor, neither IPSS scores nor the scores on urinary storage symptoms showed any significant differences between Groups A and B on the 15th and 30th day (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe lower urinary tract symptoms following TURP, especially those in the urinary storage phase, are correlated with preoperative bladder function, and getting improved gradually after surgery.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Incontinence ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo explore the Video-urodynamic characteristics of various neurogenic bladder.

METHODSA total of 1800 patients with neurogenic bladder were included in our study from December 2002 to June 2008. All patients underwent Video-urodynamic studies. Urodynamic data was collected and analyzed.

RESULTSUrodynamic study showed detrusor overactivity in 71%, of which 60% with uninhibited sphincter relaxation, and acontractile detrusor in 29% stroke patients. No upper urinary tract deterioration was found in all 42 stroke patients. Detrusor overactivity without sphincter dyssynergia was found in 70% patients with head trauma. Seven patients with Parkinson disease showed detrusor overactivity, of which 3 with delayed sphincter relaxation. Detrusor overactivity was found in 91% and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia in 83% supra-sacral spinal cord injured patients. Acontractile detrusor was found in 73% patients with conus medullaris and cauda equina injury. Overall, upper urinary tract changes were found in 12% and vesicoureteral reflux in 4% spinal cord injured patients. Urodynamic study showed acontractile detrusor in 81%, reduced compliance in 86%, upper urinary tract changes in 55% and vesicoureteral reflux in 33% patients with myelodysplasia. Most patients (92%) with protruded lumbar disc showed detrusor areflexia. Normal bladder compliance was found in 88% patients with protruded lumbar disc. Urodynamic study showed reduced bladder sensation in 81% and detrusor under-activity in 76% patients with diabetic urinary bladder disease.

CONCLUSIONSVideo-urodynamic study can provide the most detailed information about the bladder dysfunction. It is the most valuable examination before treatment of patients with neurogenic bladder.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; diagnosis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Urodynamics

OBJECTIVETo study the inhibitory effect of Akt inhibitor deguelin on PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines and its possible mechanism.

METHODSPC-3 human prostate cancer cells were cultured in deguelin at the concentrations of 10, 100, 500 and 1 000 nmol/L for 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. Then the inhibitory effect of deguelin on the proliferation of the PC-3 cells was determined by MTT assay and that on the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of MDM2 and GSK3beta mRNA were measured by RT-PCR and those of MDM2 and GSK3beta proteins by Western blot.

RESULTSAt 24, 48 and 72 hours, the inhibition rates of deguelin on the proliferation of the PC-3 prostate cancer cells were (91.10 +/- 3.75), (86.39 +/- 1.16) and (79.51 +/- 2.63)% at 10 nmol/L, (82.46 +/- 3.65), (76.84 +/- 0.97) and (69.69 +/- 2.30) % at 100 nmol/L, (81.46 +/- 0.41), (75.56 +/- 1.12) and (54.07 +/- 3.21)% at 500 nmol/L, and (66.77 +/- 2.82), (58.22 +/- 0.35) and (39.34 +/- 2.40)% at 1000 nmol/L, all with statistically significant differences from the control group (P < 0.01). Deguelin at 10, 100, 500 and 1 000 nmol/L increased the cell cycles blocked in the G0/G1 phase ([62.4 +/- 2.2], [63.6 +/- 1.1 ], [65.0 +/- 0.3] and [66.5 +/- 1.9]%, P < 0.01) and reduced the percentage of the S-phase cells ([14.7 +/- 2.4], [11.1 +/- 5.2], [5.8 +/- 1.1] and [7.0 +/- 0.6]%, P < 0.01). RT-PCR and Western blot showed markedly up-regulated expressions of GSK3 P3 a3beta down-regulated expressions of MDM2 mRNA and proteins in the PC-3 cells treated with deguelin.

CONCLUSIONAkt inhibitor deguelin can inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 human prostate cancer cells by affecting the down-stream signal molecules GSK3P3 and betaDM2 in the Akt pathway.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 ; metabolism ; Rotenone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology