Four triterpenoids were isolated and purified from the 95% ethanol extract of Maytenus guangxiensis by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, MCI column chromatography and preparative RP-HPLC. Their structures were determined from their physicochemical properties and spectral data. They were identified as maytguanone A (1), maytguanone B (2), 11α-methoxyurs-12-ene-1β,3β-diol (3), lup-20(29)-ene-3β,11α-diol (4). Compounds 1 and 2 are new triterpenoids, along with compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from M. guangxiensis for the first time. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, 3 and 4 was evaluated using the MTT procedure with three cancer cell lines. The results show that compound 3 displayed good inhibitory effects against HeLa, with an IC₅₀ of 10.68 μmol·L^-1.

Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Globus Pallidus ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; complications ; genetics ; Skull ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of acute mesenteric venous thrombosis(MVT) in the elderly. Methods The clinical features, diagnosis, treatments and prognosis of 10 aged cases with acute MVT were retrospectively analyzed. Results The chief complaints of the 10 cases were different degrees of abdominal pain, which not paralleled with abdominal signs. The accompanying symptoms were nausea, vomiting and bloody stools and so on. All of these patients were misdiagnosised as pancreatitis, appendicitis or intestinal obstruction and so on. diagnosis of two cases was confirmed by ultrasound, 8 by CT. At the same time, 2 cases underwent angiography examination. Of the 8 cases who underwent operation, 5 cases were cured, 3 cases died (1 died of toxic shock and 2 died of multiple organ failure ). Two cases underwent conservative intervention thrombolysis. Conclusions It is essential to improve the knowledge of acute MVT,especially its intricate clinical characteristics, high rates of misdiagnosis and mortality. Early proper diagnosis is crucial. The main treatment is operation and conservative intervention thrombolysis can be performed in the patients whose bowel has not necrosed yet.

Objective To investigate the recent effect of full arthroscopic dual-beam reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)using tibial Inlay technique.Methods From March 2007 to September 2009,17 PCL injured patients underwent full arthroscopic dual-beam PCL reconstruction using Inlay technique,including 16 males and 1 female,with an average age of 25 years(range,19-54).Of all cases,Lysholm score was(53.4±2.1)points,International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)rated C in 7,D in 10,and posterior drawer test(+)in 17.We used self-designed tibia tunnel drill system to produce the deep-limited bone tunnel.Follow-up began at 12 months after operation.Evaluate Lysholm knee score,IKDC rating,and posterior drawer test to compare the knee stability with that of preoperative.Observe the location of the bone block and healing by checking knee X-ray and spiral CT scan.Results Seventeen patients were followed up between 12 to 28 months,with an average of 17.8 months.In the last follow-up study,Lysholm score(93.5±1.7)points compared with that of preoperative was statistically significant different(P=0.016).IKDC rating of A grade in 15 cases,B in 2,compared with that of preoperative was statistically significant different(P=0.021).Posterior drawer test were negative in 15 cases,slight positive in 2.The X-ray and spiral CT scan showed the location of the bone block were perfect and healed well.Conclusion We can accurately produce the deep-limited bone tunnel by the tibia tunnel drill system with minor trauma,and the recent clinical effects of PCL reconstruction were pretty good.

OBJECTIVETo establish the rat model of acute spinal cord injury, followed by aprimary study on this model with ¹H NMR based on metabonomics and to explore the metabonomics and biomarkers of spinal cord injury rat.

METHODSTwenty eight-week-old adult male SD rats of clean grade, with body weight of (200±10) g, were divided into sham operation group and model group in accordance with the law of random numbers, and every group had 10 rats. The rats of sham operation group were operated without damaging the spinal cord, and rats of model group were made an animal model of spinal cord incomplete injury according to the modified Allen's method. According to BBB score to observate the motor function of rats on the 1th, 5th, and 7th days after surgery. Postoperative spinal cord tissue was collected in order to pathologic observation at the 7th day, and the metabolic profilings of serum and spinal cord from spinal cord injury rats were studied by ¹H NMR spectroscopy.

RESULTSThe hindlimb motion of rats did not obviously change in sham operation group, there was no significant difference at each time point;and rats of model group occurred flaccid paralysis of both lower extremities, there was a significant difference at each time; there was significant differences between two groups at each time. Pathological results showed the spinal cord structure was normal with uniform innervation in shame group, while in model group, the spinal cord structure was mussy, and the neurons were decreased, with inflammatory cells and necrotic tissue. Analysis of metabonomics showed that concentration of very low density fat protein (VLDL), low density fat protein (LDL), glutamine, citric acid, dimethylglycine (DMG) in the serum and glutathione, 3-OH-butyrate, N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), glutamic acid, and ascorbate in spinal cord had significant changes(<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere are significant differences in metabolic profile from serum and spinal cord sample between model group and sham operation group, it conduces to explain the changes of small molecular substances in serum and spinal cord tissue after spinal cord injury, this provides the research basis for targeted research on the role of metabolic markers in patients with acute spinal cord injury.

The infection status of anisakid larvae was examined in 290 marine fish of 25 species and in 108 cephalopods of 3 species purchased in Bayuquan region, Yingko city nearby the coast of the Bohai Sea from may to August 1992. A total of 7,327 larvae were collected from 156 fish of 19 species and 8 squids of one species. The 3rd-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex were collected from 121 fish (63.4%) of 15 species (N = 191) and from 8 squids (14.8%) of one species (N = 54), and they were total, 5,992 (81.8%). Out of remaining 1,335 larvae, 154 (2.1%) were classified as Thynnascaris type B from 23 fish of 4 species, 1,013 (13.8%) as Thynnascaris type C from 79 fish of 13 species. 164 (2.2%) as Hysterothylacium China type V from 20 fish of 4 species, 3 (0.04%) as Raphidascaris from 3 fish of 2 species and one was Pseudoterranova decipiens larva.
Animal ; Anisakiasis/veterinary* ; Anisakiasis/parasitology ; Anisakiasis/epidemiology ; Anisakis/isolation & purification ; Anisakis/classification* ; China ; Fish Diseases/parasitology* ; Fish Diseases/epidemiology ; Fishes ; Larva ; Seawater ; Squid/parasitology*

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of mild hypothermia therapy on severe brain-injured patients whose intracranial pressure (ICP) could be maintained below 25 mm Hg.

METHODSForty severe brain-injured patients with ICP below 25 mm Hg were divided randomly into one treatment group (n=20, mild hypothermia therapy) and one control group (n=20, normothermia therapy) to observe the changes of the concentration of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and glycine) and cytokines (interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6).

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in the daily changes of the concentration of excitatory amino acid and cytokines between two groups. The outcome of two groups had no significant differences.

CONCLUSIONSMild hypothermia has no additional beneficial effects on severe brain-injured patients compared with normothermia therapy if ICP can be maintained below 25 mm Hg by using conventional therapy.

Analysis of Variance ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; cerebrospinal fluid ; therapy ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Electromyography ; Environmental Exposure ; Hypothermia ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Seawater ; Thigh ; physiology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between high mobility group box1 (HMGB1) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), and explore the role of HMGB1/RAGE pathway in the metastasis of CSCC.

METHODSLevels of HMGB1 mRNA and RAGE mRNA in CSCC and normal cervical tissues were detected by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the level of HMGB1 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.

RESULTSThe mRNA and protein expression of HMGB1 was significantly higher in CSCC than that in normal cervical tissue (P < 0.05), correlated with stage, invasion and metastasis (P < 0.05), but not with tumor size and differentiation (P > 0.05). The levels of RAGE mRNA and HMGB1 mRNA were both significantly higher (r = 0.663, P < 0.05) in metastatic CSCC in comparison with those in the non-metastatic cases.

CONCLUSIONHMGB1 is involved in the invasion and metastasis of CSCC, and HMGB1/RAGE pathway plays an important role in the metastasis of CSCC.

Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma in Situ ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cervix Uteri ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HMGB Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Receptors, Immunologic ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy between scalp acupuncture plus rehabilitation and rehabilitation in treating children epilepsy.Method Sixty children with epilepsy were enrolled and randomized into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group and 30 cases in the control group. The treatment group was intervened by scalp acupuncture plus rehabilitation, while the control group was treated with rehabilitation. After the intervention, the changes of Comprehensive Function Assessment for Disabled Children (CFADC) and electroencephalogram (EEG) waves were observed, and the therapeutic efficacies of the two groups were compared and analyzed.Result The comprehensive function scores were changed significantly in both groups after the treatment (P<0.05). After the treatment, the comprehensive function score was (61.15±2.65) in the treatment group versus (58.60±2.81) in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in comparing the EEG waves between the two groups (P<0.05). In the control group, no case was recovered, 4 cases showed marked efficacy, 21 showed effective, and 5 failed in the treatment; in the treatment group, 2 cases were recovered, 10 showed marked efficacy, 16 showed effective, and 2 failed in the treatment. There was a significant difference in comparing the therapeutic efficacy between the two groups (P<0.05), and the treatment group was superior to the control group.Conclusion Scalp acupuncture plus rehabilitation can produce a satisfactory clinical efficacy in treating children epilepsy and is thus feasible.