Brachytherapy ; Cicatrix ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheal Stenosis ; radiotherapy

It is common in bacterial genomes of the integration of prophages. As an important participant of the vital movement of their hosts, prophages affect closely the biological properties of the hosts. Therefore, if we want to comprehend a bacterial genome fully, it is essential to recognize and understand accurately prophages in it. This article is a compendious review about the classification, distribution, identification, evolution of prophages and the interaction with their hosts.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hypothalamic Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy

Objective:To search, evaluate and integrate the best evidence for lactation maintenance of very low birth weight infant(VLBWI) mothers, and to provide evidence for lactation maintenance.Methods:Up to Date, BMJ best practice, Newborn Services Clinical Guidelines, ABM, NICE, OVID evidence-based database, NGC, Joanna Briggs Institute Library, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, CBM and Wanfang Data were retrieved by computer on the Maintenance of Mother′s Lactation in VLBWI: Guidelines, Systematic Evaluation, Expert Consensus/Opinions, Evidence Summary Literature screening, quality evaluation, evidence extraction and integration of documents which met the requirements.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, including 3 guidelines, 4 systematic reviews, 1 expert consensus and 2 expert opinions. A total of 41 evidences were summarized from 9 aspects, including lactation support, lactation initiation, lactation monitoring and the application of lactating agents.Conclusion:The evidence of lactation maintenance of VLBWI mothers is sufficient, which can provide a basis for medical staff to make clinical decisions.

Three bactreiophages of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from sewage and named as PaP1, PaP2 and PaP3. All belong to double-strand DNA phages, their genome is about 47kb, 34kb and 24kb respectively. The titre (pfu/mL) of three phages is respectively 109, 1011 and 1011, PaP1 is lytic phage, both PaP2 and PaP3 are lysogenic. Under electron microscope, All show icosahedral heads with diameter of 70nm, 55nm and 65nm respectively. PaPl belongs taxonomically to Myoviridae, and both of PaP2 and PaP3 belong to Pedoviridae. The phage-re-sistance and substitution phenomenon of the resistant flora for the sensitive were observed, and the mutation frequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to the phage is about 1.4 ? 10-7 ~ 7.9 ?10-7 determined by end-point -titer method.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs).

METHODSThirty-two 10-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs) were assigned randomly into four groups: left stellate ganglion block group(Group LS), right stellate ganglion block group(Group RS), captopril group(Group D) and control group(Group C). Arterial systolic blood pressure(SBP) was measured, and endothelin (ET-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) in blood vessels were detected by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTSCompared with baseline value, the blood pressure of Group LS gradually increased significantly (P<0.05 or P <0.01); however, the blood pressure of Group RS was stable(P >0.05) and increased only at week 2(P <0.05).The blood pressure of Group D decreased significantly at week 2 and week 4, and it remained stable compared with baseline value (P<0.05). The blood pressure of Group C gradually increased at weeks 2-10, compared with baseline values (P <0.01). Compared with Group LS and Group C, the expression of eNOS in blood vessels of Group RS significantly increased (P <0.05), and ET-1 decreased (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe right stellate ganglion block can significantly lower blood pressure, down-regulate ET-1 and up-regulate eNOS protein expression.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nerve Block ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Stellate Ganglion

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on cardiac function and mortality rate in septic rats.

METHODSFifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into a sham-operation group (sham group, n=10), normal saline group (NS group, n=20), and TMP group (n=20). The rats in the NS and TMP groups underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce sepsis. Rats in the NS group were injected with NS (10 mL/kg) immediately after CLP and 6 h after CLP. Rats in the TMP group were injected with TMP (10 mg/kg) at the same time points. Twenty-four hours after modeling, the mortality rates were observed in each group. Cardiac function and serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were also tested. The correlation between TNF-α and the ejection fraction (EF) was observed. Left ventricle specimens were reserved for histomorphologic study.

RESULTSCompared with the sham group, the NS and TMP groups had decreased EF values and increased mortality rates and serum TNF-α levels (P <0.05). The TMP group had a comparatively lower mortality rate and TNF-α level and a higher EF value compared with the NS group (P <0.05). Histomorphology indicated that myocardial inflammation in the TMP group was mild compared with that in the NS group. There was a negative correlation between TNF-α level and EF value (r=-0.583,P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONTMP could reduce the mortality rate of septic rats and had certain protective effects on cardiac function.

Animals ; Heart Function Tests ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardium ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis ; blood ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Stroke Volume ; drug effects ; Survival Analysis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic strategy of hot press injury complicating with blood vessel injury in the upper extremity.

METHODSDecompression procedure was carried out in 8 patients with hot press injury complicating with blood vessel injury in the upper extremities, but the effect was not of satisfactory because there were injuries to brachial, radial and ulnar arteries and also injury to the superficial or deep palmar arch. The blood vessels were repaired with direct anastomosis, anastomosis with flexion of the limb, or transplantation with great saphenous vein, and the wounds were covered with intermediate split-thickness skin graft or pedicled thoraco-abdominal skin flap.

RESULTSOne patient with repair of the brachial artery and intermediate split thickness skin graft received amputation 4 weeks after operation because of lack of soft tissue coverage. The blood supply recovered completely in the other patients, so the affected limbs were saved.

CONCLUSIONPrompt exploration and repair of blood vessel, and coverage of the wound with healthy soft tissue are key procedures for the management of hot press injury complicating with blood vessel injury in the upper extremities.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arm Injuries ; surgery ; Brachial Artery ; injuries ; Burns ; pathology ; surgery ; Crush Syndrome ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Saphenous Vein ; transplantation ; Skin Transplantation ; Wound Healing ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish the rat model of acute spinal cord injury, followed by aprimary study on this model with ¹H NMR based on metabonomics and to explore the metabonomics and biomarkers of spinal cord injury rat.

METHODSTwenty eight-week-old adult male SD rats of clean grade, with body weight of (200±10) g, were divided into sham operation group and model group in accordance with the law of random numbers, and every group had 10 rats. The rats of sham operation group were operated without damaging the spinal cord, and rats of model group were made an animal model of spinal cord incomplete injury according to the modified Allen's method. According to BBB score to observate the motor function of rats on the 1th, 5th, and 7th days after surgery. Postoperative spinal cord tissue was collected in order to pathologic observation at the 7th day, and the metabolic profilings of serum and spinal cord from spinal cord injury rats were studied by ¹H NMR spectroscopy.

RESULTSThe hindlimb motion of rats did not obviously change in sham operation group, there was no significant difference at each time point;and rats of model group occurred flaccid paralysis of both lower extremities, there was a significant difference at each time; there was significant differences between two groups at each time. Pathological results showed the spinal cord structure was normal with uniform innervation in shame group, while in model group, the spinal cord structure was mussy, and the neurons were decreased, with inflammatory cells and necrotic tissue. Analysis of metabonomics showed that concentration of very low density fat protein (VLDL), low density fat protein (LDL), glutamine, citric acid, dimethylglycine (DMG) in the serum and glutathione, 3-OH-butyrate, N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), glutamic acid, and ascorbate in spinal cord had significant changes(<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere are significant differences in metabolic profile from serum and spinal cord sample between model group and sham operation group, it conduces to explain the changes of small molecular substances in serum and spinal cord tissue after spinal cord injury, this provides the research basis for targeted research on the role of metabolic markers in patients with acute spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVETo clone and express Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) sly gene for constructing an foundation on identification of S. suis 2 protective antigen.

METHODSThe sly gene was amplified from S. suis 2 clinical isolate strain 05ZYH33 genome DNA by PCR. The gene fragment was inserted into the expression vector pET-30b(+) to build pET30b-sly. When recombinant vector pET30b-sly was identified by restriction enzyme cutting and DNA sequencing as a correct one, subsequently it was transformed to E. coli Rosetta for expression under IPTG induction. The obtained fusion protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The immunologic and hemolysis activity of the purified protein was proved through Western blot and hemolysis assay respectively.

RESULTSThe PCR product was around 1500 bp. The gene segment inserted into the recombinant vector was proven to be completely identical with the sly gene sequence in the total genome sequence of S. suis 2. The target protein expressed was up to 30% of the total somatic protein under IPTG induction. The protein purity reached above 80% after purification. The protein could be recognized by human serum infected with S. suis 2 and could dissolve swine erythrocytes with the Hemolytic titer as 256.

CONCLUSIONThe expression vector pET30b-sly was successfully constructed. The target protein could be over-expressed in E. coli and possessed its biological activity after purification.

Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; Chromatography, Affinity ; Hemolysis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Streptococcus suis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Swine