Objective To evaluate effectiveness of microvascular decompression in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods 126 cases of trigeminal neuralgia were operated on by microvascular decompression via suboccipital retrosigmoid approach. It was found that nerves were compressed by vessels nerves in 122 cases. Cotton of Teflon was implanted between oppressive trigeminal nerve roots and vessels by minimally invasive surgery. Results 113 of 126 cases were followed up postoperatively for (1～9)years. Pain disappeared or died down in 110 cases. The total effective rate was 97.3%(110/113). Conclusions Microvascular decompression is effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia.

BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells receive a high attention in tissue engineering research. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells lack of specific surface marker, there is no effective purified method. Purified adipose is a simple method to elevate purify of stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To analyze how to purify adipose tissues before primary culture of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The controlled animal experiment was performed at the Shanghai Animal Center of Experimental Medicine of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital between December 2007 and March 2008. MATERIALS: Four-week old Sprague Dawley rats were used for obtaining adipose tissues from the inguinal groove. METHODS: Adipose tissues from rat inguinal groove were dissected to educe superficial blood vessel and blood vessel branches. Both blood vessel inside and elliptic nodal tissues surrounding blood vessels were excised. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Stained elliptic nodal tissues stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin were observed with a microscope to make sure what kind of tissues they are. The purified adipose tissues and unpurified adipose tissues were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin. The differences in their tissue construction were observed using the microscope. RESULTS: Elliptic nodal tissues stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin were proved to be lymphatic tissues. The tissue construction of purified adipose tissues was pure, and the cellular component was simple. Conversely, the tissue construction of unpurified adipose tissues was complicated, and cells were various with complicated components. CONCLUSION: The component of adipose tissues used to primary cultured adipose tissue-derived stem cells is complicated. As resection of superficial blood vessel, skin and muscle tissues, blood vessel inside tissues and lymphatic tissues should also be excised.

BACKGROUND:The new technique of spinal nonfusion is used for intervention of early spinal diseases. It can protect the spine motion function and treat the patients either. The interspinous U titanium alloy belongs to the new technique of spinal nonfusion. And this investigation will be a hot spot in the spinal nonfusion technique. OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical mechanical property of spinal nonfusion interspinous U titanium alloy. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Comparative observation. All patients were selected from the Department of Orthopaedics of Changhai Hospital between June 2006 and December 2007. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 28 patients with degenerative intervertebral disk protrusion and dynamic spinal stenosis,including 23 male and 5 female aged 41 to 58 years old. METHODS:All patients were randomly divided into two groups:intervertebral disectomy alone (n=20):affected segments were removed; implantation group (n=8):affected segments were removed and interspinous U titanium alloy was implanted following interspinous ligament. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The height of the intervertebral space and vertebral canal area of the affected segment as well as JOA scores for lumbar vertebra postoperatively and during follow-up. RESULTS:All 28 patients were included in the final analysis. The height of the intervertebral space and vertebral canal area of the affected segment in implantation group were significantly increased compared with intervertebral disectomy alone group (P

0.05). Conclusion This method is sensitive, accurate, stabile and is applicable to the determination of inorganic arsenic in groundwater samples.

Objective To evaluate the surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma. Methods A total of 151 cases of pheochromocytoma were studied in regard to the preoperative preparation,anesthetic management,operative technique and postoperative treatment. Results Of the 151 cases 132 underwent total tumor excision,12 cases intracapsular excavation and 7 cases partial cystectomy.Only 1 patient died during the course of operation.Pathological examination showed that 137 cases were of benign pheochromocytoma and 14 cases of malignant.After operation 136 cases had normal blood pressure and 15 cases were treated with hypotensor to maintain normal blood pressure.Of the 137 cases of benign pheochromocytoma 9 experienced relapse.Of the 14 cases of malignancy 10 died of metastasis within 5 years. Conclusions Surgical excision is the fundamental approach for cure,and correct preoperative diagnosis and proper perioperative management are extremely important.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprints of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi.Methods HPLC-ELSD analysis was carried out with Lichrospher C18 column(4.6 mm ? 250 mm,5 ?m).The detector was Alltech ELSD 2000.The method was developed by gradient elution with methanol and water as the mobile phase.With oleanolic acid as the marker,sixteen batches of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi were analyzed with computer-aided similarity evaluation system.Results HPLC fingerprints of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi showed 14 characteristic peaks and the similarity of the fingerprints of 10 batches of samples was over 0.90,indicating the fingerprints being stable and repeatable.Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and with a good reproducibility,and can be used for the identification and quality control of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi.

Stress urinary incontinence is one of the most common diseases in urinary system.At present,the major methods for treating stress urinary incontinence include medication,physico-behavior therapy and operation.However,for various reasons,the current methods do not yield satisfactory results.As a newly emerging technique,tissue engineering provides a new concept and method to treat stress urinary incontinence.The application of tissue engineering in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence is reviewed in this article.

Objective To explore the method of culture of rat adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) and differentiation induction into myoblasts. Methods Adipose tissues were obtained from SD rats,and were isolated by enzyme digestion and cultured into ADSCs.The expression of surface antigen CD90,CD105 and CD34 was detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.ADSCs of the second passage with logarithmic growth were obtained,and culture media containing 5-azacytidine(5-aza) and basic culture media were employed for cells in induction group and control group,respectively.The induction lasted for 7 d,14 d,21 d,28 d and 35 d,respectively.Cell growth and cell morphology were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope,and immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the expression of myoblast specific antigens desmin and myosin. Results ADSCs were successfully isolated and cultured,and were identified to be stem cells.On the 28th day of induction,cells in induction group displayed "swirl" morpholgy,and multinucleation was observed.It was revealed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry that the highest expression rates of desmin and myosin were 52.57% and 50.04%,respectively on the 28th day of induction,while there was no expression before induction and in control group. Conclusion ADSCs can be isolated and cultured from rat adipose tissues,and can further differentiate into myoblasts after induction by culture media with 5-aza.The expression of myoblast specific antigen is the highest on the 28th day of induction.

Objective To study the value of flexible cystoscopy in diagnosing posterior urethral strictures resulting from pelvic fracture and the pain score of the examination. Methods Between 2014 and 2015, 120 male patients with pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect were evaluated by cystoscopy before surgery. In this study, flexible cystoscopy was used in 87 patients, 33 patients received conventional rigid cystoscopy. The cystoscopy was introduced into the posterior urethra and the area was evaluated for the length of the proximal urethra and any possible fistulas, false passages, calculi or displacement of the posterior urethra. The patient’s pain feeling was recorded during the examination, 24 hrs after cystoscopy examination. The pain feeling result was achieved by visual analogue pain scale. Results Severe allergic reaction or obvious discomfort did not occur in any patients after cystoscopy. By comparing the data obtained from lfexible cystoscopy to those from conventional urethrography, the rate of detection in other abnormalities was higher in lfexible cystoscopy than in conventional urethrography. 21, 5, 7 and 5 patients were detected with calculus, posterior urethral structure damage, false passage and ifstula respectively. In comparison, the abnormalities were only observed in 3, 2, 3 and 1 patients respectively through conventional urethrography imaging. However, the pain feeling of the flexible cystoscopy is better than the convenional rigid cystoscopy. The statistical difference was found in the pain feeling score during the examination and later after the examination. Conclusions Flexible cystoscopy is a safe and valuable procedure in the evaluation of the posterior urethra in patients with pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect before surgery.

Objective To summarize the experience and evaluate the efficacy of treatment of urethral stricture using direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU).Methods The clinical data of 361 patients (age range 16 -72 years, mean age 38 years) with urethral stricture who underwent urethrotomy from 1990 to 2010 was retrospectively analyzed.The disease course ranged from three months to 78 months with a mean of 16 months.The stricture length ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 cm (mean 1.1 cm).Stricture length was split into four main groups:stricture length≤0.5 cm in 63 (group 1 ), stricture length ranging between 0.6 and 1.0 cm in 175 ( group 2), stricture length ranging between 1.0 and 1.5 cm in 85 ( group 3 ) , and stricture length ranging between 1.6 and 2.0 cm in 38 ( Group 4).Of the 238 patients with length less than 1.0 cm there were 148 who's scar thickness were less than 1.0 cm, and 90 who's scar thickness were greater than 1.0 cm.Of the 123 patients with length less than 2.0 cm there were 69 who's scar thickness was less than 1.0 cm, and 54 who's scar thickness was greater than 1.0 cm.Results Three patients with DVIU failed because of long occlusion and false passage.Three hundred and twenty patients were followed-up from 12 to 120 months (mean:42).Re-openiag procedures were performed on 174 patients (54.4%) due to recurrence.The re-openiag procedure rate was 3.3%, 49.7%, 83.3% and 97.1% in Group1, Group2,Group3 and Group4, respectively.On the basis of scar thickness, of the 207 patients with stricture length less than 1.0 cm, 38 of 136 patients (27.9%) with scar thickness less than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation, and 43 of 71 patients (60.6%) with scar thickness more than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation.One hundred and thirteen patients with stricture length more than 1.0 cm, 33 of 42 patients (78.6%) with scar thickness less than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation, and 60 of 71 patients (84.5%) with scar thickness more than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation.Conclusions Good efficacy can be achieved in patients whose urethral stricture length is less than 0.5cm or whose stricture length and scar thickness is less than 1.0 cm using DVIU.