Objective: To investigate the effects of tetrandrine (Tet) on expressions of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)- stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Methods: RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in media containing 1 μg/mL LPS and different doses of Tet. The proliferation of cells was examined by MTT assay, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB was detected and analyzed by the laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), and the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 were tested by ELISA. Results: Compared with the control group, Tet had no influence on the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells no matter with LPS or not when its concentration lower than 1 μmol/L; But when its concentration higher than 10 μmol/L, Tet significantly inhibited the growth of the cells whether LPS existed or not. Meanwhile, Tet significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, and TNF-α induced by LPS, and upregulated IL-10 in supernatant. At the mean time, results from LSCM showed that in Tet 1 μmol/L group, positive cells (dyeing-red p65 of NF-κB was translocated into nucleuses and made the nuclueses red) decreased siglificantly, while negative cells (dyeing-red p65 of NF-κB was collectted in endochylema and nucleuses became vacant) were predominantly founded. Conclusion: Tet has anti-inflammatory effect, which might be mediated by downregulating inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α through NF-κB signal pathway as well as increasing levels of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10.

TheStandardized Manipulations of Acupuncture and Moxibustion has been published and gradually standardized the clinical practice. It provided a solid foundation for the standardization of acupuncture and moxibustion therapeutic effects. It also provided powerful convictable effects on the accuracy and scientificity of acupuncture and moxibustion clinical practice, which gained well-acceptance from patients. In the treatment of certain diseases, acupuncture and moxibustion have become irreplaceable so that acupuncture and moxibustion can be strongly promoted both at home and abroad. There were some common problems occurred during the establishment of the national standardization onStandardized Manipulations of Oral and Lip Acupuncture. This article reviewed, analyzed and discussed questions occurred during the standardization establishment. The results showed that according to the principle of standardized production, a rigorous, scientific and reasonable text standard can be established. Advices or opinions gained during the process can be used as references for future standardization establishment. It was concluded that the standardization of acupuncture had great guidance in the acupuncture clinical application. It is an arduous and long-term mission to achieve and strengthen the position of international standardization of acupuncture and moxibustion. The government should increase the effort on investment and promotion of acupuncture and moxibustion standardization. Conversation and cooperation should also be strengthened with international communities to promote the standardization implementation.

Objective To investigate the relationship between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) derived cardiac function index (Tei index) in patients with acute coronary syndrome under different plasma glucose levels and to evaluate the influence of hyperglycemia on the preciseness of cardiac function assessment with NT-proBNP.Methods Consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to the department of cardiology in Guangdong General Hospital were prospectively enrolled.Based on their plasma fasting glucose level,patients were divided into hyperglycemia group (fasting plasma glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L) and euglycemia group (fasting plasma glucose ＜ 6.1 mmol/L).All the patients underwent transthoracic echocardiagraphy and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) investigations.Blood samples were obtained within 24 hours of hospitalization for measurment of NT-proBNP level.Relationship between TDI-Tei index and the level of NT-proBNP in the two groups were analyzed respectively.Results The TDI-Tei index,the systolic index and the diastolic index were all significant higher in the hyperglycemia group (n =27) than those in the euglycemia group (n =35)(0.68±0.14) vs.(0.61 ±0.10),P =0.03; (0.29±0.07) vs.(0.26±0.05),P =0.045; (0.38±0.08) vs.(0.35 ±0.050,P =0.03,respectively.In both groups,TDI-Tei and In NT-proBNP showed significant linear regression.In the hyperglycemia group,TDI-Tei =0.175 + 0.068 In NT-proBNP,R2 =0.702,P ＜ 0.01.In the euglycemia group,TDI-Tei =0.185 + 0.060 In NT-proBNP,R2 =0.405,P ＜ 0.01.Conclusions (1) Compared with patients suffering from an acute coronary syndrome with euglycemia,the global cardiac function of patients with hyperglycemia is poorer; (2) NT-proBNP correlates significantly with TDI-Tei in both hyperglycemia and euglycemia patients with acute heart syndrome.It is appropriate to assess global cardiac function with NT-proBNP in patients suffering from ACS complicated with hyperglycemia.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of the latest BladderScan BVI9400 on measuring bladder volume.

METHODSTwo bladder phantoms were selected for investigating the accuracy of BVI9400. 341 patients with the iU22 ultrasound examinations were followed by BVI 9400. The difference and correlation between BVI9400 and iU22 were contrastively analyzed.

RESULTSThe relative difference between results from BVI9400 and phantom volume was 2.5% and 1.36%. There was a strong correlation for patients between BVI9400 and iU22 (R = 0.96, P < 0.001). The relative difference between BVI9400 and iU22 decreased with the increasing of bladder volume and had no significant difference with patient's gender (P > 0.1).

CONCLUSIONBladderScan BVI9400 had the ability of high accuracy and good stability of measured data. In view of quick and conveniences, BVI9400 could be as auxiliary equipment on pelvic tumor to evaluate whether the bladder volume during fractional radiotherapy was consistency with that during CT positioning.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors of blood stream infection caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci(CNS).METHODS A retrospective analysis of CNS in blood culture from 143 hospitalized patients in General Hospital of PLA from Jan 1 to Oct 31,2004 was done,and from them true cases of bacteremia were judged and true pathogens or contaminants were identified.RESULTS Seventy of 143(55.24%) hospitalized patients were diagnosed as with bacteremia.Most of them suffered from tumor(41),organs failure(19),after big operation(9),immunological system diseases(11) and so on.The rates of CNS(as true pathogens) distribution in clinical wards were as follows: 16/21 from hematological disease ward,7/11 from pediatric ward,18/27 from the old patients ward,13/17 from intensive care unit,7/16 from surgical department and 18/51 from internal medicine.The mean growth time of contaminants was significantly longer than that of the true pathogens(31.0/(20.8 h),P

Objective To evaluate the clinical performance of IPS e.max Press all-ceramic crowns and three-unit fixed partial dentures(FPDs)and to investigate the periodontal response to the presence of the restorations.Methods According to the inclusion criteria,19 patients with dental defects or singletooth loss were recruited,including 25 crowns and 6 all-ceramic FPDs.The modified United States Public Health Service criteria were used for follow-up evaluation.Plaque index(PI)and sulcus bleeding index (SBI)were recorded for the ceramic restorations and the control teeth.Results No crown and FPD fractures were observed during the evaluation period.There was no statistically significant difference regarding PLI and SBI scores between restorative teeth and the control teeth.And the difference between different recalled times of PLI and SBI of the restorations was no statistically significant.Conclusion IPS e.max Press crowns and three-unit fixed partial dentures exhibit a satisfactory clinical performance.

Objective To observe the effect of clindamycin for preventive infection in arthroplasty prophylac-tic.Methods 108 knee replacement patients were injected by 600mg intravenous clindamycin preoperation and con-tinue to use 1 -2 days after operation.The average postoperative hospitalization,postoperative outcome,body tempera-ture and blood after WBC changes of CRP and ESR in the fall of superficial infection trend,the average postoperative day,take out stitches after operation and the number of cases,postoperative deep infection early after infection (2 weeks)and delayed infection cases (within one year)were observed in order to evaluate the efficacy of preopera-tive antibiotics.Results 2 cases had superficial infection due to wound dehiscence (two times after suture recover-y),there was no complications of surgical wound in the other cases.In all cases,after operation,body temperature and blood WBC became to the normal level in seventh days,postoperative patients'CRP,ESR monitoring were significantly higher than those before operation (CRP:F =105.32,P =0.045;ESR:F =118.47,P =0.039),but on the 5 day after operation they were started to decline,CRP in the 21 postoperative day gradually returned to normal,and ESR gradually returned to normal after 6 months of operation.Preoperative HSS score was significantly lower than the post-operative score[(46.8 ±9.7)points vs.(91.7 ±3.4)points,t =6.38,P <0.05].Conclusion Clindamycin plays a definite role in prevention of infection,especially in the beta lactam antibiotic allergy cases,it can be preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis instead of cephalosporins.

Objective To evaluate the the effect of microalbuminuria of combined treatment with fosinopril and losartan,or fosinopril,losartan monotherapy in patients with hypertension.Methods In this double-blind, intention to treat study,136 patients with hypertension were randomly assigned to receive fosinopril 10 mg/d(n= 50),losartan 50 mg/d(n=41),or a combination of fosinopril 5 mg and losartan 25 mg (n=45) qd for 4 weeks, followed by titrating to the maximum recommended doses for another 4 weeks.The primary endpoint was the difference of mean sitting blood pressure and microalbuminuria excretion at baseline and week 8.Results At week 8,the combination of fosinopril and losartan therapy lowered mean mieroalbuminuria from baseline by 26.1?10~(-8) mol/L,significantly more than either monotherapy approaches (fosinopril 20 mg,18.3?10~(-8)mol/L,P

OBJECTIVETo study the content of mineral elements and the principal components in Gastrodia elata.

METHODMineral elements were determined by ICP and the data was analyzed by SPSS.

RESULTK element has the highest content-and the average content was 15.31 g x kg(-1). The average content of N element was 8.99 g x kg(-1), followed by K element. The coefficient of variation of K and N was small, but the Mn was the biggest with 51.39%. The highly significant positive correlation was found among N, P and K . Three principal components were selected by principal components analysis to evaluate the quality of G. elata. P, B, N, K, Cu, Mn, Fe and Mg were the characteristic elements of G. elata.

CONCLUSIONThe content of K and N elements was higher and relatively stable. The variation of Mn content was biggest. The quality of G. elata in Guizhou and Yunnan was better from the perspective of mineral elements.

Chemical constituents of Chlorella sorokiniana were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatographies, over silicagel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis. Five compounds were obtained from the petroleum ether extract of Chlorella sorokiniana, and their structures were identified as (22E, 24R)-5alpha, 3beta-epidioxiergosta-6, 22-dien-3beta-ol(1),(24S)-ergosta-7-en-3beta-ol(2), loliolide(3), stigmasta-7,22-dien-3beta,5alpha,6alpha-triol(4), and 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha,6alpha-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(5). The main liposoluble fractions from Chlorella sorokiniana maiuly contain fatty acids, alkyl acids and olefine acids. Components 1-5 were isolated from the genus Chlorella for the first time.
Biological Factors ; chemistry ; Chlorella ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure