AIM:To establish the quality standard for Pheretima Dispensing Granules.METHODS:Pheretima Dispensing Granules were identified by TLC.The content of hypoxanthine in Pheretima Dispensing Granules was determined by HPLC,and succinic acid by high performance capillary electrophoresis HPCE.RESULTS:Spots obtained from the test solutions had the same color as amino acid reference solution,Pheretima reference substance and the blank solution had no interference.The contents of hypoxanthine were in the range of 1.6 mg/bag-3.3 mg/bag and succinic acid 23.58 mg/bag-35.38 mg/bag in Pheretima Dispensing Granules,respectively.CONCLUSION:The methods of identification and quantification were accurate,realizable and reproducible.It can be used effectively for the quality control for Dispensing Granules.

AIM: To investigate the ability of Chinese cobra snake venom-metalloproteinase(MT) to induce the histamine release from human mast cells and its potential mechanisms.METHODS: MT was purified from the snake venom by using heparin agarose and Superdex75 chromatography.Mast cells were dispersed from human lung, colon and tonsil tissues after digestion with collagenase and hyaluronidase.The dispersed mast cells were then challenged with MT,stimulus and control in LP4 tubes for 15 min at 37 ℃.A glass fibre-based fluorometric assay was used to measure histamine in the supernatants of dispersed mast cells.RESULTS: MT induced a dose-dependent release of histamine from human colon,lung and tonsil mast cells.As low as 0.03(mg/L) of MT was able to stimulate significant histamine release from human colon mast cells,but a minimum of 0.3 or 30 mg/L of MT was required to stimulate a similar level of histamine release from lung or tonsil mast cells,respectively.The release of histamine from colon and lung mast cells in response to MT was maximized at 12 min following the addition of the stimulus.This was quite different from the picture of the peak histamine release from tonsil mast cells,in which histamine release was maximized at 8 min following the addition of MT.Pretreatment of cells with metabolic inhibitors and pertussis toxin reduced dramatically histamine release from human colon,lung and tonsil mast cells by MT.In exogenous Ca~(2+) and Mg~(2+) free experiments,the release of histamine induced by MT was significantly decreased.CONCLUSION: Cobra snake venom MT induces human mast cells to release histamine through a G-protein-related mechanism,which may contribute to the pathogenesis of venomous snake bite.

Many pediatric surgeons have little training in laparoscopic application.The major problem in clinical practice of laparoscopic technician is without regularly training,unsuitable indication,and ignoring peroperation management.so that there are much more serious complications.For these reasons,it is a prerequisite that surgon and anesthetist must be trained before clinical practice,and the qualification of admission should be strictly controlled.

Acute Kidney Injury ; chemically induced ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; complications ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; complications

Study a method for the detemination of the content of polysaccharides in Gentiana farreri, and analysis of the content of polysaccharides from different producing areas. The results showed that using the anthrone-sulfuric acid method, simple operation, accurate result. Sample was measured at 620 nm absorbance after anthrone-sulfuric acid color, at this wavelength, solution absorption and glucose showed a good linear relationship; The linearity was in the range of 0.01-0.07 g x L(-1) (r = 0.996 7). The recovery rate was 99.41%, with RSD of 2.0%. Considering the experimental conditions, to determine the solid-liquid ratio 1:60, extracting time 50 min, concentration of ethanol 80%. The mass fraction of polysaccharides was the highest to reached 0.743% in G. farreri from Gansu Xiahe. This experiment has laid a good foundation for further study on G. farreri.
Anthracenes ; chemistry ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical ; methods ; Gentiana ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Geography ; Linear Models ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sulfuric Acids ; chemistry ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the usefulness of 99Tcm-MDP whole body bone scintigraphy (WBBS) in patients with synovitis,acne,pustulosis,hyperostosis,osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome.Methods 99Tcm- MDP WBBS was performed in 25 patients (6 males,19 females,mean age =(55.1 ±9.8) years)with SAPHO syndrome.Bone lesions were classified into five categories:anterior chest wall,spine,mandible,sacroiliac joint,and limbs.The typical scintigraphic manifestations of SAPHO syndrome were summarized and compared to other radiological imaging data.Results Among 25 patients,32％ of cases (8/25)were associated with skin lesion; 48％ ( 12/25 ) were pathologically diagnosed with chronic nonspecific bone inflammation by bone biopsy.On 99Tcm-MDP WBBS,abnormal metabolic foci at anterior chest wall were found in all cases,most of which located in the sternocostoclavicular region (96％,24/25 ),including sternoclavicular joints (60％,15/25),first costosternal junctions (48％,12/25),and manubriosternal junctions (44％,11/25 ).Only 20％ of the patients (5/25) demonstrated the typical scintigraphic characteristic:“bull's head” sign.The second most frequent part was spine (44％,11/25).Appendicular skeleton was affected in 16％ (4/25) patients.WBBS also demonstrated additional skeletal lesions in 68％ (17/25 ) of the patients,mainly in first costosternal junctions (7 patients),sternoclavicular joints (6 patients),manubriosternal junctions (5 patients) and spine (4 patients).Conclusions Abnormal metabolic foci in sternocostoclavicular region and other imaging manifestations on 99Tcm- MDP WBBS can be used to diagnose,differentiate,and localize the insidious lesion and evaluate the lesion activity in patients with SAPHO syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the radiological findings of labyrinthitis and evaluate the diagnosis value of HRCT and MRI. METHODS The HRCT and MR images of 27 cases ( 31 ears) with labyrinthitis,suggested by clinical examinations and abnormal changes on images coexisting,were studied. RESULTS In the 22 ears which underwent HRCT examinations,6 ears showed increase of the density of one or more structures of inner ear,8 ears showed increase of the density of structure as well as change of the shape of the inner ear,1 ear showed change of the shape only. Labyrinth inner cavity appeared local or total sclerosis and disappearance in 7 ears. Among the 22 ears,there was bony incompleteness in 4 besides the changes mentioned above. In the 9 ears which accepted HRCT and MR scanning,7 ears showed abnormal changes of different degree in the inner ear on HRCT images and the other 2 appeared normal. On MR images,all 9 ears showed decrease or disappearance of the signal of T2WI in one or more structures of membranous labyrinth. Among the 6 ears which performed contrast scanning,markedly enhancement was seen in 4 and no enhancement in 2 ears. Of all the 31 ears,cochlea was involved in 30,of which only basal turn involved in 5,upper and second turns in 2 and all turns in 23,semicircular canal involved in 26,vestibule in 20,oval window in 18 and round window in 19. CONCLUSION HRCT can demonstrate the abnormal changes of bony labyrinth,and MRI is helpful to detect the changes of labyrinth inner cavity. They have important value in the detection and diagnosis of labyrinthitis.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of B lymphocyte stimulator (Blys) and its receptor BAFF (BAFF-R) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods The expression of Blys and BAFF-R was measured by flow cytometry in 90 pa-tients with SLE,which was compared with that of 45 healthy controls. The relationships between the expression of Blys, BAFF-R and other laboratory parameters as well as disease activity were analyzed. Results The expression of Blys and BAFF-R in PBMCs from patients with SLE was significantly elevated compared to healthy controls (P <0.001), so did the active group (P < 0.001) and inactive group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01). The expression of Blys in PBMCs from active SLE patients was higher than that of inactive patients (P <0.05). However,there was no statisti-cal difference of BAFF-R between the two groups. The expression of Blys in PBMCs was positively related to SLEDAI (r =0.728,P <0.001) ,IgG and IgM(r=0.691,P<0.001 and r =0.453,P<0.01) ,but negatively related to C3 and CA (r = -0.510, P < 0.001 and r = -0.312, P < 0.05). The expression of Blys in dsDNA positive group was higher than those of dsDNA negative group (P < 0.01). The expression of Blys and BAFF-R in Cl qAb positive group was higher than those of ClqAb negative group as well (P <0.01). Conclusion The expression of Blys and its receptor BAFF-R in PBMCs from SLE is elevated ,which may reflect the disease activity and is related to the pro-duction of autoantibody. They might be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Objective To investigate integrated status of community inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 240 cases of type 2 diabetic patients in the Zhangjiagang Aoyang Hospital were included in the study from May 1,2007 to Dec 31,2008.A uniform questionnaire was applicated.Gender,disease duration,age,academic qualifications,occupation,education,height,weight,waist circumference,hip,relevant medical history and so on were collected.Results The onset age of inpatients with type 2 diabetes was (48.91 ± 12.38),onset age of male was(46.32 ±12.08),which was significantly lower than female (52.42 ± 11.97) (P ＜ 0.01).The onset age female and male proportion also had significant differences,age onset of male was in advance.The average body mass index was (24 ±3.47)kg/m2,most of the inpatients were workers and farmers,the level of education was primary and secondary.Multiple regression analysis hints,risk factor of onset age is the family history of diabetes,the history of hypertension,male,low academic qualifications.Percentage of newly diagnosed patients was 28.3％,about one-third in patients were with the metabolic syndrome,hyperlipidemia,high blood pressure,fatty liver.Conclusions Education level of the inpatients was lowe in the community,so strengthening diabetes education was required.The persons in the commuities who were male,or with the family history of diabetes,with high blood pressure history were of the communities require for early screening of diabetes mellitus,so the occurrence and development of diabetes woule be controlled.