Objective To denoise digital radiographic images well.Methods A technique was presented that used the Anscombe's transformation to adjust the original image to a Gaussian noise model based upon the wavelet denoising method and the wavelet-domain Hidden Markov Tree(HMT) model.Wavelet domain HMT models were used to determine the dependencies of multiscale wavelet coefficients through the state probabilities of the wavelet coefficients,whose sedistribution densities could be approximated by Gaussian mixture model.Results The proposed method could keep natural images edges from damaging and increase PSNR.Conclusion Quantitative and qualitative DR images assessment shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms the traditional Gaussian filter in terms of noise reduction,quality of details and bone sharpness.

Objective To comprehensively analyse the transcriptional changes of genes and their biologic significance that occurred in the process of development of human fetal skin by using high-density oligonucleotide DNA array. Methods Samples of human fetal skin were obtained from aborted fetuese of 10W, 15W, 24W, 32W EGA (estimated gestational age) respectively. Total RNAs were isolated from of skin specimens of fetuses of different EGA, and mRNAs were purified and labeled with incorporation of fluorescent dUTP to prepare the hybridization probes by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Approximately 21 329 human genes were spotted on a chemical-material-coated-glass plate in array. Results According to the hybridization results from oligonucleotide DNA microarray, gene expresion patterns and functions were analysed. Gene-chip disclosed a large scale of information in developmental human fetal skin, rendering a convenient way to investigate the temporal and spatial expressions of gene profile among skin cells. Many specific genes transcription expressed differently at different stages of development of fetal skin, suggesting their key roles in development, differentiation and regulation. Conclusions Microarray or DNA chip technology has revolutioned biological research by empowering to broaden the scope of collecting genomic information. Therefore, microarray-based study is able to reveal a substantial number of genes which might participate in embryogenesis and development of human skin. The present study demonstrated a previously unrecongnized role of gene expression in the control of human fetal skin growth and structure during its developmental stage. A complicated network of skin development process was fairly well characterized.

Objective: To establish the characteristic fingerprint of volatile oil of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.Methods: The main components of 21 samples were determined by GC MS. Results: ? Patchoulene, ? Elemene, cis Caryophyllene, trans Caryophyllene, seychellene, ? Guaiene, ? Patchoulene, ? Guaiene, unidentification component A, patchoulic alcohol, pogostone were determined in all samples, and the relative content of 11 components add up to 80 percent. Compared with the samples produceds in Gaoyao and Hainan, Shipai samples were significantly differences.Conclusion: The retention time and relative content of 11 components bulidup the characteristic fingerprint of volatile oil of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth, it can be used for quality control and identification to Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.

The incidence of skin disease is high, and outpatients have high demand for doctor-pa-tient communication. However, the education of doctor-patient communication for undergraduate student is very poor and almost absent for dermatology. For the stage of graduate study for dermatology, it is very im-portant to learn and grasp dermatology knowledge, to develop fundamental skill as a dermatologist, includ-ing the doctor-patient communication. In view of the problems such as short communication time, incomplete communication, and low specialization, we developed doctor-patient communication education norms for graduate students, to help graduate students majoring in dermatology to realize the importance of doctor-patient communication, pay attention to inquiry and communication about the disease associated with the system. We also strengthened the doctor-patient communication skills training in practice and achieved good results.

0.05).The median therapy fees in the open group was nine thousand yuan vs.eleven thousand yuan in the laparoscopic group,and the difference was significant(P

Humans ; Mercury ; blood ; urine ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; methods ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

Arsenic ; urine ; Freeze Drying ; standards ; Humans ; Reference Standards ; Urinalysis ; methods ; standards

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical effects of spinal leveraging manipulation and medicine for the treatment of degenerative scoliosis in pain and function.

METHODSFrom July 2010 to June 2013, 38 patients with degenerative scoliosis were randomly divided into spinal leveraging manipulation group and medicine group by coin tossing. In manipulation group, there were 9 males and 11 females aged from 58 to 74 years old with an average of (66.63±7.73), the courses of diseases ranged from 3 to 8 months with an average of (5.65±2.58), spinal leveraging manipulation(following meridian to straighten tendon,relieving spasm, osteopathy and massage, clearing and activating the channels and collaterals) were performed for 30 min, once a day, 4 days for a period treatment, totally 9 courses. In medicine group, there were 8 males and 10 females aged from 57 to 70 years old with an average of (63.51±6.61) the courses of diseases ranged from 3 to 5 months with an average of (4.82±1.43), celecoxib with eperisone hydrochloride were orally taken, 4 days for a period treatment, totally 9 courses. VAS score, Cobb angle and ODI score were measured.

RESULTSAfter treatment, VAS score in manipulation group was (5.38±0.99), (6.36±1.31) in medicine group,and had significant meaning (t=2.618, P<0.05); there was significant differences in Cobb angle between manipulation group (16.51±4.89)° and medicine group (19.85±5.03) °(t=2.074,P<0.05); and had obviously meaning in ODI score between manipulation group (20.20±2.93) and medicine group (26.01±3.11) (t=5.592, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSpinal leveraging manipulation for degenerative scoliosis could regulate muscle balance on both side of spine, correct coronal imbalances in spine, recover normal sequence of spine, reduce and remove opperssion and stimulation of nerve root, relieve pain in leg and waist and further improve quality of life.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Celecoxib ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Manipulation, Spinal ; Middle Aged ; Propiophenones ; administration & dosage ; Pyrazoles ; administration & dosage ; Scoliosis ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Sulfonamides ; administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome

AIM: To explore the localization and expression of transfo rming grow th factor-? 1,2 (TGF-? 1,2 ) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (?- ASMA) in fetal a nd adult skins. METHODS: Skins of 15 cases of fetuses with different gestational ages and 5 cases of adults were taken, embedded with paraffin wax, and sectione d. Immunohistochemistry method and pathological method were used to detect the e xpression intensity and distribution of TGF-? 1,2 and ?-ASMA. RESULTS: Positive immunohistochemical signals of TGF-? 1,2 and ?-A SMA were found in fetal and adult skins. In skins derived from young fet us, the positive signals of these three proteins were very weak. Along with the incr ement in gestational age, the positive cellular rates of TGF-? 1,2 and ?- ASMA were elevated pro gressively. In elder fetal and adult skins, TGF-? 1,2 were mostly distributed i n epidermal cells, endothelial cells and some fibroblasts, while ?-ASMA was mainly located in myofibroblasts and sweat gland epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: The endo genous TGF-? 1,2 might be involved in the cutaneous development at embryoni c stage, in the cutaneous structure maintenance at adult stage, and in the wound healing af ter injury.

AIM: To investigate gene expression of bax, bcl-2 and p53 in fetal skin at different gestational ages and children skin in order to explore their potentially biological significance. METHODS: Apoptosis in skin specimens was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling technique (TUNEL). Gene expressions of bax, bcl-2 and p53 in skin at different developmental stages was examined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Along with fetal growth and development, the incidence rate of apoptosis was increased progressively in skin. In skin from early gestational fetus, bcl-2 was strongly expressed. This gene expression was progressively decreased with increment in gestational age. In children skin, the mRNA content of this gene was significantly reduced compared with fetal skin (P