Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and the risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP) in the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) .Methods The clinical data of 1 184 cases of ICH complicating HAP from Sep .2009 to Sep .2012 were analyzed retrospectively and statistically .Results The incidence rate of HAP was 13 .0% in these ICH patients , the detected pathogens were in turn Gram-negative bacilli(63 .4% ) ,Gram-positive cocci(26 .7% ) and fungi(9 .9% );the risk factors of HAP in ICH patients were related with the age of patients ,underlying disease ,length of hospital stay ,conscious state ,tracheoto-my ,amount of cerebral hemorrhage ,bulbar palsy and nutritional status .Conclusion The patients with ICH are easy to develop HAP .Aiming at the above risk factors ,the comprehensive measures should be adopted to reduce the incidence rate of HAP in ICH patients .

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture and miuci therapy combined with Qinggan Tongqiao Decoction for sudden sensor-neural hearing loss (SSHL) and the effects on level of plasma endothelin (ET) and serum nitrate oxide (NO). Methods Totally 110 patients with SSHL were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 55 patients in each group. The control group was given Qinggan Tongqiao Decoction combined with acupuncture routine treatment, and treatment group was given miuci therapy on the basis of the control group, two weeks as a course of two groups. Level changes of plasma ET and serum NO, and pure tone listening threshold changes before and after treatment were observed. Tinnitus and hearing efficacy was evaluated. Results The total effective rate for tinnitus efficacy was 94.54% (52/55) in the treatment group and 85.45% (47/55) in the control group, with statistical significance (u=2.038, P=0.040). The total effective rate for hearing efficacy was 96.46%(53/55) in the treatment group and 81.82% (45/55) in the control group, with statistical significance (u=2.913, P=0.040). Compared with before treatment, the level of plasma ET decreased and the level of serum NO increased after the treatment (P<0.05); After the treatment, the level of plasma ET in the treatment was lower than the control group, and the level of serum NO in the treatment group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Pure tone threshold scores in the two groups on treatment 3, 7, 14 d were significantly improved (P<0.05), and pure tone threshold scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture and miuci therapy combined with Qinggan Tongqiao Decoction can significantly reduce clinical symptoms and enhance the hearing level of SSHL patients. The mechanism mainly lies in regulating levels of plasma ET and serum NO, and improving the inner ear micro-circulation.

Inhaled nitrous oxide (iNO) can alleviate pulmonary hypertension and enhance ventilation-perfusion matching to improve oxygenation in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS).But duration of improvement was short.From the existing researches,iNO can't effectively improve outcome in PARDS.So iNO is not recommended for routine use in PARDS.However,iNO may be used in patients with documented pulmonary hypertension or severe right ventricular dysfunction.In addition,iNO can be a rescue intervention for severely PARDS to buy time and allow other therapies.

Regional arterial intra-chemotherapy (RAIC) was an effective method of combined therapy for pancreatic carcinoma, which could elevate the regional con-centration of anticancer agents for sufficient dosage in pan-creas, reduce the systemic adverse events, increase the toler-ation of chemotherapy.It could also increase the concentra-tion of anticancer agents in regional lymph node of pancreas, thus decrease the lymph node metastasis.The mechanism of RAIC for pancreatic cancer and the impact for lymph node metastasis needed to be further investigated.

ObjectiveTo prove that grain-sized moxibustion plus Western medication is effective in preventing the attack of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), by adopting the grain-sized moxibustion to treat patients under acute attack of COPD due to accumulation of phlegm and stasis.MethodForty patients under acute attack of COPD due to phlegm and stasis were randomized into two groups. The control group was intervened by antibiotics plus Mucosolvan and nebulization (Mucosolvan+Pulmicort+Ipratropium Bromide Solution). The treatment group was intervened by grain-sized moxibustion in addition to the above treatments.Two weeks later, the two groups were compared in the use of antibiotics, C-reactive protein, and therapeutic efficacy.ResultThe use of antibiotics and the content of C-reactive protein in the treatment group were less than that in the control group.ConclusionFor patients under the acute attack of COPD due to accumulation of phlegm and stasis, grain-sized moxibustion can shorten the time of using antibiotics and descend the content of C-reactive protein by modulating inflammation.

Objective To explore the narcotic effects of different puncture in combined spinal-epidural block anesthesia for urological Surgery.Methods 108 cases of urologic surgery were selected.The patients were randomly divided into the two groups according to digital meter (each group had 54 cases).Both groups were treated with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.The anesthesia puncture of group A were in lumbar intervertebral 2-3,the anesthesia puncture of Group b were in lumbar intervertebral 3-4.The respects of the two groups were observed and compared such as blood pressure before and after anesthesia,initial anesthesia plane,the time the drug arrived to the sixth thoracic vertebrae,additional lidocaine dose during the operations anesthesia quality rate and anesthesia side effects.Resuits The blood pressures of the patients of group A were significantly lower than those of group B 5 minutes after anesthesia (t =2.73,2.29,2.29,all P ＜ 0.05),the incidence of adverse reactions of Group B such as nausea,vomiting,low blood pressure,difficulty in breathing (24.1％,14.8％),was significantly lower than incidence of group A (44.4％,and 13.0％,x2 =4.97,5.07,4.86,all P ＜ 0.05) the set of initial plane of anesthesia of group a was significantly higher than that of group B (t =2.91,P ＜ 0.05),the time the drug arriving to the sixth thoracic vertebrae,of group A was significantly shorter than group B (t =2.42,P ＜ 0.05) the amounts of additional lidocaine dose of Group A during the operations were significantly less than group A (t =2.61,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the anesthesia quality rate (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Selecting L3-4 puncture points in combined spinalepidural anesthesia can significantly reduce incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea,vomiting,low blood pressure and difficulty in breathing compared with selecting L2-3 puncture during urology surgery procedure.It can also reduce pain during operations.Though there are significant differences in initial level of anesthesia,the time the drug arrive to the sixth thoracic vertebrae and additional lidocaine doses,leading no effects on superior rate of anesthesia.Thus the clinical significance is not very big.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of different doses of warm needling in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Method Sixty-seven KOA patients were randomized into group A of 16 cases, group B of 17 cases, group C of 18 cases, and group D of 16 cases. Group A, B, and C were intervened by warm needling, 1 moxa cone for group A, 2 cones for group B, and 3 cones for group C. Group D was intervened by intra-articular injection with Sodium hyaluronate. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale (LKSS) were evaluated before and after intervention.Result The VAS and LKSS scores were significantly changed in the four groups after intervention (P<0.01). After intervention, the VAS and LKSS scores in group B and C were significantly different from that in group A (P<0.05,P<0.01). After intervention, the VAS and LKSS scores in group B and C were significantly different from that in group D (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Warm needling is an effective method in treating KOA, and warm needling with 2 moxa cones can produce the best effect.

Objective To discuss the display format of cockpit displays of traffic information (CDTI) that would influence the performance of conflict detection at different conditions of temporal and spatial features of air traffic situation.Methods Fifty-four subjects viewed dynamic encounters between own aircraft and three intruder aircrafts with a simulated CDTI.Subjects were asked to estimate potential conflict between intruder and own aircraft.Effects on conflict detection performance were explored with CDTI display format as well as intruder's distance and time to closest point of approach (CPA).The experiment was designed to be three factors measured repeatedly.Results Intruder's distance and time to CPA influenced conflict detection performance when separated display format was adopted to show traffic information.When integrated display format was adopted,the two independent variables before mentioned didn't influence conflict detection performance,and subjects gained high level of conflict detection performance(P

Intracranial hypertension is one of the most common pediatric acute and severe diseases.Intracranial pressure(ICP) monitoring can dynamically evaluate the changes of the patients with brain injury,calculate the cerebral perfusion pressure,guide the clinical treatment.ICP monitoring can not reflect the cerebral microvascular dysfunction and cell dysfunction,so it is necessary to carry out multimodality monitoring based on ICP monitoring.The information integration of ICP monitoring and multimodality monitoring is helpful to further understand the pathophysiological mechanism of brain injury,and it is also helpful for individualized treatment of patients.

New guideline for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants,children,and adolescents was published in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine in 2012.This guideline made relevant recommendations and suggestions on intracranial pressure monitoring,threshold for treatment of intracranial hypertension,cerebral perfusion pressure thresholds,advanced neuromonitoring,neuroimaging and therapy for intracranial hypertension in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury.This guideline was simply interpretated in order to improve the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury.