Objective To investigate the mechanism of Secretio bufonis injection on the carcinostatic activities in mice bearing intraperitoneal H22 tumor. Methods Secretio bufonis injection (1.5 mL) was injected into the abdomind cavity of mice once 5 d for 3 times. Cyclophosphamide (0.5 mg/0.5 mL) was injected into other groups. NS (0.5 mL) was injected into control groups. Each group were 20 mice. TNF and survival time of mice were observed. Results Mean survival times of mice bearing intraperitoneal H22 tumor were (28.2?5.8)d for Secretio bufonis group,(27.9?9.7)d for Cyclophosphamide group,(20.7?4.2)d for control group. The content of TNF in mice bearing intraperitoneal H22 tumor were 2.53?0.14 for Secretio bufonis group,3.02?0.14 for Cyclophosphamide group,3.32?0.2 for control group. The survival times of mice bearing intraperitoneal H22 tumor were prolonged in the groups of Secretio bufonis (P

Objective　To investigate the effect of turning scleral flap of self-body over drainage in trabeculectomy.Methods　The surgery was performed on one eye of a rabbit while　the other eye of the same rabbit was conducted with the routine trabeculectomy as the control group. The filtering bleb, intraocular pressure and pathology were observed. Results　The intraocular pressure in the experimental eye was much lower than that in the control group 3～12 weeks after the operations (P＜0.05).As it was within 2 weeks after the surgeries, but there was no significant filtering difference (P＞0.05).The rate of eyes with functional bleb in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at the postoperative 2～7 weeks .Conclusion　This study suggests the turning of self-body over drainage surgery can help to maintain filtering function for a long time and to prevent complication after filtering surgery.

Objective To explore the relationship between administration of different doses of colloid before general anesthesia induction and general anesthesia-induced hypotension. Methods Fifty patients for selective gastrointestinal operations were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the volume of colloid administered 30 min before general anesthesia induction: 0 mL/kg group (control group), 4 mL/kg group, 8 mL/kg group, 12 mL/kg group and 15 mL/kg group. To replace the deficit of hypovolemia before operation, crystalloid was given to each patient. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 25 min after infusion. Hemodynamic parameters were compared before and after anesthesia induction among groups. Results The changes in diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were related to colloid supplementation volume (r=-0.657, P<0.01). There were significant differences between control group and 8 mL/kg group, 12 mL/kg group and 15 mL/kg group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference among 8 mL/kg group, 12 mL/kg group and 15 mL/kg group. Conclusion Administration of colloid before general anesthesia induction attenuates the severity of general anesthesia-induced hypotension, especially when the dose of colloid is over 8 mL/kg.

BACKGROUND:Stem cell transplantation and tissue engineering in repairing bone defects is a hotspots of recent study.OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effect of engineering repair on bone defect by auto-transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)DESIGN: Left-right comparative studySETTING:Experimental center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityMATERIALS:Twelve New Zealand rabbits with birth age of 10 days to 2months were selected ,male or female with body mass of 2 to 2.5 kg.METHODS :The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Center of First Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University from June 2002to June 2003. Self-BMSCs were separated for subculture. 1.5 cm bone was intercepted at middle of radius in 12 rabbits so as to simulate complete bone defect. Then, the left radius defect was filled with collagen sponge carrying BMSCs ( experimental side),which was replaced by simple collagen sponge in the right side(control side). Twelve weeks later, rabbits were put to death and the outcomes of both sides were compared.X-ray assessment was accorded to the standardized stage of bone defect repair (bone repair was graded into 0 to 5 grades,grade 5 implies that bone defect has been completely replaced by new bone,grade 0 implies that no new bone repair).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The general observations of rabbit radius defects,X-ray scanning, histological and electro-microscopic observations.At week 12, callus became strong and protruded to bone defects in experimental side,well connecting with broken ends. While broken ends in control group were only connected by fibrous tissue and no continuous callus was found continuously crossing through the bone defect of experimental side, marrow cavity was smooth, but molding was incomplete. While in control side, no continuous callus could be observed passing through the broteoblasts and new stroms could be observed in bone defect of experimental side, but only a few of osteocytes appeared in the broken ends of control vations: The osteoblast observed in the experimental side seems normal and was rich in enlarged endoplasmic reticula energetic in ,protein synthesis and abundant in organelle.CONCLUSION :As osteogenetic cells, BMSCs possess better osteogenesis property. They can be used as seed cellsin bone defect repair by using bone-engineering techniques.

Objective: To study the reasons and prevention of residual stones after choledo- choscopic treatment of cholelithiasis. Methods:The clinical data of 219 patients who had under- gone choledochoscopic treatment were analyzed retrospectively. Results: 21 cases were found with residual stones in the bile duct after the operations. Residual stone rate was to 9.58% . Bile duct stones of 8 patients could not be removed completely during operations. 13 patients were proved that stones still remain in their bile ducts by T-tube cholangiography and choledochoscope after opera- tions. There were 5 patients with acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis accompanying septic shock, 5 patients with stenosis in intrahepatic bile ducts, 4 patients with stones of in trahepatic bile duct and variation of bile duct, 2 patients with stones in sphincter of duodenal papilla,2 patients withstones and stenosis at the inferior segment of choledochus,3 patients were founded residual stones in bile duct obviously after the operations. Conclusions: B-type ultrasonic scanning and T-tube cholangiog- raphy are useful to reduce the rate of residual stones.

Objective:To clone the RC-RNase gene and prepare its recombinant prokaryotic construct, and then to express RC-RNase protein using Escherichia coli system. Methods: RC-RNase cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR from liver of Rana catesbeiana, and cloned into pUCm-T plasmid for nucleotide sequencing. Its expression construct was prepared using the 6?His vector pRSET-A, and induced to express by IPTG in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Western blotting identified the expression product. Results: A 380 bp long cDNA was obtained from liver of Rana catesbeiana, restriction sites and sequence being consistent to those reported for RC-RNase. After introducing the gene into Escherichia coli and through the induction by IPTG, it was observed a new peptide at the expected position (Mr 16000) on SDS-PAGE gel. This product was proved to be the target protein via Western blotting. It existed in a form of inclusion body and its efficiency reached 12.5% of total bacterial proteins. Conclusion: RC-RNase gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The protein could be used for characterizing the biological activities and function of RC-RNase.

Objective To discuss the clinical application of individualized strategy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the treatment of bile duct stenosis after liver transplantation (LT).Methods Fifty-two patients,including 40 men and 12 women,aged 54.3 ± 9.1 years old,who suffered from bile duct stenosis and accepted 88 times of ERCP from June 2014 to May 2016 in our department were investigated.The procedures,clinical features and biochemical criteria were analyzed retrospectively.Results According to the treating occasions and clinical symptoms,single plastic stent,dilatation combined with single plastic stent,and dilatation combined with multiple plastic stents were chosen to use.ERCP in 8 patients out of 52 patients failed technically,and the therapeutic efficacy was 82.7％.The treatment duration was 8.2 ± 2.9 months.The recurrence rate was 4.7％ (2 cases) during the follow-up period.The most common complications were postERCP pancreatitis (2.3％) and cholangitis (3.4％),which would be cured by conservative treatment in most cases.Conclusion ERCP,as an effective and safe method,could be used as the first choice or bridge treatment for bile duct stricture after LT.We recommend individualization strategy,including step by step mode and different combinations of PTC or endoscopic procedures,in order to improve clinical efficacy of all kinds of stricture.

Objective To explore the potential of breast cancer stem cells in differentiating into vascular endothelial cells and participating in the angiogenesis of breast tumor.Methods The expressions of mutant P53, CD31 ,VEGF and Her-2 amplification in tumor blood vessels were detected and the single cell suspension of breast cancer was prepared.CD44+/CD24-/low cells were selected and cultured in culture system.The expressions of CD31 and CD105 on endothelial cell surface were detected by EGM-2 endothelial cell culture medium.The ability of uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein was measured.The endothelial cells were cultured in vitro to observe their vascular structure.Results The expressions of CD31,VEGF and mutant P53 were found in paraffin sections of breast cancer tissue samples, and they were arranged along the vessel lumen or blood vessel sphere. Immunofluorescence showed that CD31 and DAPI signals were expressed intravascularly in breast cancer tissues. Four samples of Her-2 positive amplification and 9 cases of non-amplification were detected in the samples.The successful separation of breast cancer stem cells was carried out by immunomagnetic sorting.The percentage of CD44+ cells in the pre-sorting cells was (7.5±2.6)% and that of CD44+ cells was about (94.3±4.7)% after magnetic sorting (P<0.05).The ratio of CD24+ cells was (48.2±9.4)% before sorting,and that of CD24+ cells was (4.3±1.6)% after immunomagnetic bead sorting.The proportion of CD105+ cells in mammary gland cells was (4.5±0.9)% and the proportion of CD31+ cells was (6.2±1.3)%.After cultured for three generations,the percentages of CD105+ cells and CD31+ cells were (79.6±9.3)% and (84.1±10.7)%,respectively (P<0.05). DiL-Ac-LDL could be phagocytized by endothelial cells cultured in endothelial cell culture system.Vessel-like structure was found in the endothelial cell group while the control group did not have the tendency of vascular changes.Conclusion Breast cancer stem cell-derived endothelial cells differentiate into endothelial cells in vitro and have the ability of vascular formation,suggesting that breast cancer stem cells may be involved in the formation of tumor blood vessels.