OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience in surgical treatment of residual shunt after repair of ventricular septal defect and investigate the position of the residual shunts.

METHODSBetween January 1979 and May 2003, re-operations on residual shunt after repair of ventricular septal defect were performed in 37 patients with congenital heart disease including ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, double outlet right ventricle in 19, 17 and 1 patients, respectively. It accounted for 0.21% (37/18000) of open heart operations performed during these years. The patients included 26 males and 11 females with age from 3 months to 53 years (mean 16 +/- 12 years). The residual shunt was diagnosed by postoperative murmur and echocardiography. Twenty-six cases were repaired with patch and 11 cases were closed directly with mattresses sutures.

RESULTSTwo patients (2/37, 5%) died within 48 hrs postoperatively. The results in other 35 patients followed up after surgery from 3 months to 15 years were satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONSMost of the residual shunts occurred in base of septal leaflet of tricuspid valve, the second and the first transfer suture respectively. Effects of reoperations on residual shunts were satisfactory.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Double Outlet Right Ventricle ; surgery ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo discuss the therapeutic effect and toxicity of second line Hycamtin for lung cancer patients.

METHODSTen of these 21 patients had been treated with operation. All these 21 patients received second line Hycamtin treatment; given at the dose of 1.2 mg/m(2) per day, four consecutive days as one cycle and 21 days as one course. A total of 1 - 4 courses were given according to the patient's tolerance. Four of these 21 patients also received combination of cisplatin.

RESULTSAmong the 13 un-operated patients, two patients showed CR, six showed PR, three SD and two PD, giving an effective rate of 62%. Among the 8 operated patients, seven showed SD but one developed distant metastasis. The 1-year survival rate was 88%.

TOXICITYleukopenia I-II degree 14 (66.7%), leukopenia III-IV degree 5 (23.8%), thrombocytopenia III-IV degree 1 (4.8%) and one patient died of high fever and neutocytopenia. Nausea 8 (38.1%), vomiting 3 (14.3%) and diarrhea 2 (9.5%) alopecia 4 (19.1%). Were the other side-effects.

CONCLUSIONHycamtin is indicated for second line therapy for lung cancer giving tolerable toxicity.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Topotecan ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the epidemiological effects of vaccine immunization program related to A(H1N1)influenza in the middle school students.Methods Non-randomized clinical trial was designed to assess the A(H1N1)influenza vaccine on its efficacy.14883 students from 8 middle schools in Zhejiang province were recruited and classified into vaccinated or control groups,based on the status of immunization with A(H1N1)influenza vaccine.All subjects were followed up through one epidemic period(6 months)and the incidence rates of influenza-like illnesses,A(H1N1)influenza,and seasonal influenza in these two groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy of the vaccine.Results There were 6334 subjects in the vaccinated group and 8549 in the control group.7441.75 person-years were followed from these two groups.The incidence rate of A (H1N1)influenza in vaccinated group was 1.64‰ per person-year,lower than that of the control group.The rate difference(RD)was-1.64‰ per person-year(95% confidence interval value from-3.04‰ to-0.23‰ per person-year),and the difference was significant(P=0.010).The incidence rate of influenza-like illnesses in vaccinated group was 21.47‰ per person-year,lower than that of the control group(22.69‰ per person-year)and the diffefence was not significant(P>0.05).The incidence rate of B influenza in vaccinated group was 6.63‰ per person-year,higher than that of control group(7.02‰ per person-year)but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion This vaccine demonstrated a good epidemiological effect against the A(H1N1)influenza virus infection,observed through a student-immunization program.The cross-protection effect against the influenza-like illnesses and other seasonal influenzas was not noticed in this study.

Thoracolumbar fractures are common and severe traumas. Anterior approaches can achieve adirect spinal cord decompression and reconstruct anterior column height what load bearing the major load distribution of the spine. Therefore, anterior approach is an important method in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. With the application of pedicle screw, most of the patients were treated with posterior approaches.Because of the unique advantages of anterior approach, the posterior approach can not be replaced it.The review summarizes the biomechanical characteristics? indications? fixation devices? bone grafting method and technique of the anterior approach and in order to provide better evidence for clinical treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence and related risk factors of healthy side fracture after hip fracture surgery in the elderly, so as to provide basis for the prevention of re-fracture. METHODS: The data of 452 patients over 65 years old with femoral neck fracture or intertrochanteric fracture treated with hip arthroplasty or proximal femoral intramedullary nailing from June 2012 to June 2017 were analyzed, including 168 males and 284 females, the age ranged from 65 to 97(75.5±7.5) years. There were 191 cases of femoral neck fracture and 261 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fracture. According to whether there was a fracture in the healthy hip after operation, the patients were divided into fracture group and no fracture group. The gender, age, body mass index, fracture type, initial treatment method, bone mineral density, bed time, medical compliance, postoperative short-term delirium, whether there were medical diseases before injury and Harris score of hip joint in the final follow-up were recorded. Univariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the risk factors of healthy side fracture after operation, and then statistically significant risk factors were included in multi factor Logistic regression analysis to screen out the independent risk factors of healthy side fracture after operation of hip fracture in the elderly. RESULTS: Among them, 42 of the 452 patients had hip fractures on the healthy side with an incidence of 9.3%. The average interval between the two fractures was (2.9±2.1) years. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, bone mineral density, medical compliance, short-term postoperative deliriun, pre-injury complicated with medical diseases and Harris score of hip joint in the final follow-up (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that age(OR=4.227), bone mineral density(OR=4.313), combined with medical diseases (OR=5.616) and low hip Harris score at the final follow-up (OR=3.891) were independent risk factors for healthy side fractures after hip fracture surgery in elderly(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The age, bone mineral density, combined with medical diseases and low Harris score of hip joint in the final follow-up are the main risk factors of healthy side fracture after hip fracture in the elderly. It is necessary to strengthen the treatment of medical diseases, anti osteoporosis and improve hip joint function within 3 years after operation, so as to prevent the occurrence of healthy side hip fracture.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; Femoral Neck Fractures/surgery* ; Femur ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 15 kinds of vapor state organic acids in workplace air by solvent desorption-gas chromatography.METHODS: A total 15 kinds of vapor state organic acids such as acetic acid, propanoic acid, butyric acid and pentanoic acid in the air of workplace were collected by silica gel, eluted with acetone, separated by DB-FFAP capillary chromatograph column, and detected by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. RESULTS: There was a good linear relationship in the selected range of 15 kinds of organic acids. The coefficient correlation was 0.999 97-0.999 98. The limit of detection of this method was 0.04-0.29 mg/L, and the minimum detection concentration was 0.03-0.19 mg/m~(3 )(collected sample volume was 1.50 L). The average desorption efficiency was 92.9%-98.5%. The within-run and between-run relative standard deviation was 0.3%-1.6% and 1.5%-3.0%, respectively. The samples could be kept for at least 15 days at room temperature. CONCLUSION: The method is simple for operation, with high sensitivity, and good precision, which is suitable for simultaneous determination of 15 kinds of vapor state organic acids in the air of workplace and sites of emergency accident.

BACKGROUNDTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is considered an important complementary therapy with beneficial effects for cancer patients. Elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are a complex patient group with increasing co-morbidity and shrinking physiological reserve, and may derive substantial benefit from the supportive aspects of TCM. Researchers from Shanghai Longhua Hospital found that qi and yin deficiency is a common syndrome in patients with stage III or IV lung cancer. This project was designed to study the combination of single-agent chemotherapy with TCM methods of benefiting qi and yin in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC.

METHODS AND DESIGNThis is a double-blind controlled, multi-center, and prospective study with randomly selected participants from elderly NSCLC patients in China. Seventy-six patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be allocated into two groups, which will receive treatments of 3-week single-agent chemotherapy with TCM or placebo for four cycles. Progression-free survival (PFS) is the primary end point, and the secondary end points are overall survival, objective response rate, time-to-progression, and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-LC43, and TCM syndrome score). Meanwhile, other end points such as toxicity, side effects and safety of the treatments will be assessed.

DISCUSSIONResults from this study may provide evidence on the effectiveness, and parameters for the usage of single-agent chemotherapy combined with or without TCM on PFS of elderly patients with NSCLC.

TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov. (Identifier: NCT01780181).

Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Prospective Studies

Adenoidectomy ; Adenoids ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Microbiota ; Palatine Tonsil ; Tonsillectomy

Humans ; Child ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications* ; Medulla Oblongata/pathology* ; Neoplasms/complications*

Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use* ; China ; Consensus ; HIV ; HIV Infections/prevention & control* ; Humans ; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis