Low pressure, low oxygen concentration, and intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation in high-altitude environments, can cause oxidative stress which can trigger mountain sickness. A recent study demonstrated that hydrogen gas with a good permeability in biological membranes can treat various disorders by exerting its selective anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects, indicating that hydrogen therapy plays a role in scavenging free radicals and in balancing oxidation and anti-oxidation systems of cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that inhaling low-dose hydrogen or drinking hydrogen-saturated water is a novel and simple method to prevent and treat oxidative stress injury caused by low pressure, low oxygen concentration and intense UV radiation in plateaus, thus reducing the risk of mountain sickness.
Altitude ; Environmental Exposure ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; therapeutic use ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; analysis ; Ultraviolet Rays

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is defined as an acute hepatic manifestation resulting from heavy alcohol intake. Histologically, alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is characterized by hepatocellular steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Alcohol abstinence is the sine qua non of therapy for AH and, in the milder forms, is prerequisite to clinical recovery. Severe ASH may lead to multi-organ failure such as acute kidney injury and infection, which has a major impact on survival and thus should be closely monitored. Patients with severe ASH have a drastic short-term mortality of up to 40-50%. Specific therapies should be considered for patients with severe ASH at risk of early death. Corticosteroids are the standard of care for patients with severe ASH. When corticosteroids are contraindicated, pentoxifylline may be an alternative option. Steroid responsiveness should be evaluated on the basis of Lille score. Tactically, we should explore novel therapeutic targets to suppress inflammation based on cytokine profiles, promote hepatic regeneration, limit innate immune responses, and restore altered gut mucosal integrity in severe ASH.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use ; Hepatitis, Alcoholic/*diagnosis/drug therapy/pathology ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Pentoxifylline/therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Severity of Illness Index

Animals ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Tasmayi (mumie, shilajit) is a pale brown to black substance which leaks from the layers of rocks in many mountain ranges during the warm summer months. In traditional Kazakh medicine, it is used for the treatment of bone fracture and many inflammatory ailments. It is also used as a remedy in the traditional medical systems of many countries such as India, Russia and Kazakhstan. According to the literatures, Tasmayi possesses anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, antibacterial, free radical scavenging, antioxidative, memory enhancing, antidiabetic, antistress, antiallergic, immunomodulative, anti AIDS, anabolic and regeneration stimulating activities. The major physiological action of Tasmayi could be belonging to the presence of dibenzo-alpha-pyrones along with humic and fulvic acids.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; trends ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; India ; Kazakhstan ; Medicine, Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Minerals ; therapeutic use ; Resins, Plant ; therapeutic use ; Russia

Acute Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antipyrine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers ; metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

This article ascended the history and successive changes of the processing research of Fructus Evodiae-Rhizoma Coptidis, and its application in classic prescription; made a summary on the research of the processing technology and substances of Fructus Evodiae-Rhizoma Coptidis; discussed the progress in the research of processing of Fructus Evodiae-Rhizoma Coptidis; expounded the overview on mechanism research of the processing of Fructus Evodiae-Rhizoma Coptidis, and proposed new thoughts and methods for the processing of Fructus Evodiae-Rhizoma Coptidis.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Evodia ; chemistry ; Free Radical Scavengers ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Prescriptions ; Research ; Technology, Pharmaceutical

To investigate the protective effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified recombinant cytoglobin (PEG-rCygb) on acute liver damage in mice. The acute liver injury model of KM mice was induced by CCl4 and then treated with PEG-rCygb, The liver and blood samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The results showed that PEG-rCygb reduced the liver mass index and decreased significantly the levels of alanine amiotransferase (AST) and aspartate transaminase (ALT) in mouse serum. In liver tissues, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased, whereas the content of glutathione (GSH) was increased in PEG-rCygb treated group. PEG-rCygb also elevated the activities of total super oxidedismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver tissues. HE staining of liver tissue slices revealed that PEG-rCygb relieved fatty degeneration of liver, decreased inflammatory factors and reduced liver cell injury. Further in vitro experiments indicated that the protective effects of PEG-rCygb on hepatic stellate cell (HSC) against H2O2 were enhanced compared with that of rCygb. All results indicated that the PEG-rCygb promoted oxygen free radical scavenging ability and prevented acute liver injury in KM mice induced by CCl4.
Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; prevention & control ; Free Radical Scavengers ; metabolism ; Globins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; enzymology ; Male ; Mice ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Protective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of free-radical scavenger in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP).

METHODSFifty-eight healthy male rats were randomly divided into a control group and four model groups (Groups A, B, C and D). The chronic prostatitis model was established in the latter groups through injecting E. coli into the ventral robe of the prostate according to document. Group A was untreated, Group B treated with free-radical scavenger vitamin C, Group C with salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP), Group D with SASP and vitamin C. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) examinations were conducted in each group 2 months later.

RESULTSVitamin C could significantly increase the level of SOD and decrease the level of MDA. There was significant difference between the model groups and the control one, as well as between the treated groups and the untreated one, but none among the treated groups.

CONCLUSIONFree-radical scavenger may be useful for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis.

Animals ; Ascorbic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfasalazine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the regulatory effect of Suifukang (SFK), a compound Chinese patent drug on the change of free radical in tissue of spinal cord and blood caused by experimental spinal injury.

METHODSSeventy male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, the SFK group (n = 20), the hormone group (n = 20), the control group (n = 20) and the normal group (n = 10). Rats in the former three groups were made into the right hemitransected spinal cord (T12) injury. SFK were given to the rats in the SFK group 3 days before and 2 hrs after modeling via gastrogavage, saline was given to rats in the control group at the same time. As for the rats in the hormone group, methyl-prednisolone 30 mg/kg was given once immediately by peritoneal injection. The rats were sacrificed in two batches (10 of each group in each batch) at 8 hrs and 24 hrs after modeling to obtain the serum and injured spinal cord tissue for determining superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content.

RESULTS(1) As compared with the normal group, SOD activity in serum and spinal tissue of the control group was lower significantly both at 8 hrs and 24 hrs after modeling, but the changes of SOD activity in the SFK and the hormone group were insignificant; (2) Content of MDA in serum and spinal tissue of rats elevated after modeling, which in the control group at 8 hrs after modeling were higher than that in the normal group, also higher than that in the SFK group and the hormone group; but at 24 hrs after modeling, it lowered significantly in both treated groups. The changes of MDA content in serum were similar to those in the spinal tissue.

CONCLUSIONSFK could effectively eliminate the excessive free radical in serum and injured spinal tissue, and raise the capability of antioxidation of organism.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Rasayana tantra is one of the eight specialties of Ayurveda. It is a specialized practice in the form of rejuvenative recipes, dietary regimen, special health promoting behaviour and drugs. Properly administered Rasayana can bestow the human being with several benefits like longevity, memory, intelligence, freedom from diseases, youthful age, excellence of luster, complexion and voice, optimum strength of physique and sense organs, respectability and brilliance. Various types of plant based Rasayana recipes are mentioned in Ayurveda. Review of the current literature available on Rasayanas indicates that anti-oxidant and immunomodulation are the most studied activities of the Rasayana drugs. Querying in Pubmed database on Rasayanas reveals that single plants as well as poly herbal formulations have been researched on. This article reviews the basics of Rasayana therapy and the published research on different Rasayana drugs for specific health conditions. It also provides the possible directions for future research.
Animals ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antiparasitic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Aphrodisiacs ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Giardiasis ; drug therapy ; Herbal Medicine ; classification ; methods ; trends ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Medicine, Ayurvedic ; Models, Biological ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Plant Preparations ; classification ; therapeutic use ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use