Nishimura in 1943 indicated for the first time that a serious endemic focus of Clonorchis sinensis is located in the vicinity of Yeong-cheon(Kyungpook Province, Korea). Later, numerous surveys of this fluke in the Province have been made, but no additional report on the endemic focus of the fluke has been available. The overall percentage of Clonorchis sinensis infections, based on the discovery of eggs by the formalin-ether sedimentation technique, was found to be 54.8 percent from 851 residents in Nakjeon ri (village), Danmil myun, Uiseong gun (county), Kyungpook Province and no significant difference was observed in the sex specific rate of the individuals infected. There is a high incidence of infection with Clonorchis sinensis. The infection rate in the age group from 0 to 4 years was 14.6 per cent, 5 to 9 years was 35.7 per cent and 10 to 14 years was 51.7 per cent. In the worn burdens for residents, the average number of egg-counts was 41,800. It is found that a serious endemic focus of Clonorchis sinensis exists in the vicinity of Nakjeon village.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-Clonorchis sinensis ; epidemiology ; formalin-ether

The efficacy of the cellophane thick smear(CTS) technique was reassessed for detecting helminths eggs such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Clonorchis sinensis, in comparsion with the formalin-ether(F-E) one, with repeated smears per case. From the fecal samples of 411 ROK Army soldiers, a total of 3,288 smears were made and examined; 4 by CTS and 4 by F-E techniques. The expected egg detectability with one, two, three or four smears by each technique was mathemativally calculated. The results were as follows: When the results of all 8 smears per case were integrated, the number of cases eith Ascaris egg were 54(13.1%), Trichuris 125(30.4%) and Clonorchis 33(8.0%). Some other kinds of helminths eggs and protozoan cysts were found from a few cases each. The calculated detectability of Ascaris eggs by CTS technique was fairly high(95.8 - 96.3%) with 1-4 smears, while that by F-E technique was not so high(73.1 - 88.9%). In case of Trchuris eggs, the egg detectability by CTS technique with 1-4 smears was a little lower(62.2-86.4%) than that by F-E technique(73.4 - 91.2%). The detectability of Clonorchis eggs with 1-4 smears by CTS technique was the lowest(44.7 - 60.6%) among the three helminths as well as much lower than that by F-E technique(67.4 - 87.9%).
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-nemaoda ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Trichuris trichiura ; Clonorchis sinensis ; diagnosis ; formalin ; ether

Combined technic of formalin-ether sedimentation and zinc sulfate flotation was carried out to compare the detection rate of Paragonimus eggs in feces between formalin-ether sedimentation technic and zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation, using the feces of cat infected with Paragonimus westermani for former and intestinal contents of rabbit infected with Metagonimus yokogawai for latter. And following results were obtained. Zinc sulfate method was highly excellent in detection of Paragonimus eggs in feces, on the contrary, formalin-ether technic was very poor, and the other hand, formalin-ether technic was highly excellent in detection of Metagonimus eggs, on the contrary, zinc sulfate method was extremely poor. The time which was needed in carrying out the combined technic was shorter than the cumulative time of each of the formalin-ether technic and zinc sulfate method was. Author emphasizes that the combined technic may be used in general parasitic examination of feces, so that excellent results would be obtained in detection of all kinds of helminthic ova and protozoa.
parasitology ; helminth ; trematoda ; Paragonimus westermani ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; diagnosis ; formalin ; ether ; zinc sulfate

For seven years from 1962 to 1968, fecal specimens of the patients were examined not only for the discovery of intestinal protozoa and helminths, but also to provie data on the incidence of intestinal parasites among the residents of Kyungpook Province, Korea. The Formalin-ether sedimentation, Lugol solution, and Heidenhain's iron-hematoxylin stained films were prepared for the recovery of intestinal parasites. Of 2,414 samples of feces examined, 35.7 percent were found to be infected with one or more species of protozoa. Among six species of protozoa detected, Entamoeba coli was observed most frequently(15.3%) followed by Entamoeba histolytica (11.9%), and then the Enteromonas hominis least often(1 case). For the survey of helminth, of a total of 5,288 fecal specimens examined, 86.7 percent were positive for one or more species of helminths. Trichocephalus trichiurus revealed the highest infection rate (83.6%), while Trichostrongylus orientalis was next (61.6%), and Ascaris lumbricoides was unexpectedly low(40.9%). The incidence for hookworm and Clonorchis sinensis was 22.4 percent and 29.8 percent respectively. Triple infections were found more frequently than double infections, and mixed infections of six or more species of helminths were observed in 3.8 percent of specimens.
parasitology-helminth-protozoa-nematoda-cestoda-trematoda ; Entamoeba coli ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Enteromonas hominis ; Endolimax nana ; Iodamoeba butschlii ; Giardia lamblia ; Trichocephalus trichiurus ; Trichostrongylus orientalis ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; hookworm ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Enterobius vermicularis ; Paragonimus westermani ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; Taenia species ; epidemiology ; stool examination ; Formalin-ether ; sedimentation ; Lugol solution ; Heidenhain's iron-hematoxylin