PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to describe events resulting in perceived hurts in nursing, and to identify factors influencing forgiveness in clinical nurses. METHODS: The study was a descriptive correlation design. From May to July, 2009, the researcher used interviews to collect data from 148 clinical nurses from five hospitals in D city. RESULTS: Clinical nurses received perceived hurt from peer-nurses, care-givers, and doctors, and the reasons for the perceived hurts were blame, neglect, and valuation. Levels of forgiveness in clinical nurses were different according to who caused the perceived hurt, the degree of the perceived hurt, and endeavors to resolve the perceived hurts. Levels of forgiveness in clinical nurses were negatively correlated with age, degree of perceived hurt, and degree of anger expression, and positively correlated with degree of self-esteem. The strongest predictors of forgiveness in clinical nurses were degree of anger expression, age, and degree of hurt. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study suggest that nursing staff should be able to identify reasons for perceived hurt in clinical nurses and provide a forgiveness program for each nursing situation.
Anger ; Forgiveness ; Humans ; Nursing Staff

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify types of care needs for hospice patients through Q- methodology. METHOD: Twenty three Q-statements were selected through in-depth interviews of hospice patients. Data were collected from 20 hospice patients by sorting 23 Q-statements into 9 points standard and then analyzed using PC QUANL program. RESULT: Type 1 was named 'the need for pain control type' and patients of this type had the greatest need of physical care to be free of pain and be comfortable. Type 2 was named 'the need for love and intimacy type' and patients of this type would like to share love and intimacy with their family members. Type 3 was named 'the needs for reliance on an Absolute Being type' and patients of this type would like to receive forgiveness from their God and prayers. Type 4 was named 'the need for accomplishment and service type' and patients of this type would like to complete their on going work and to give service to others. CONCLUSION: The study result could be basic data to perform effective nursing interventions for satisfying the care needs of hospice patients.
Forgiveness ; Hospices* ; Humans ; Love ; Nursing ; Religion

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of a forgiveness therapy program to improve self-esteem, anger and forgiveness in people who abuse alcohol. METHODS: A non-equivalent control group pre-posttest design was employed. Participants were 38 people who abuse alcohol and who agreed to participate in this study. They were assigned to the experimental group in Alcoholics Anonymous meetings of J hospital(n=19) and the control group in Alcoholics Anonymous meetings of B hospital(n=19). The eight session program was provided once a week for 8 weeks. The data were analyzed using percentage, chi2-test, Kolmogorov - Smirnov test, and t-test with SPSS 21.0 program. RESULTS: The results showed significant decrease in state anger and increase in self-esteem and forgiveness in the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The findings show that forgiveness therapy program has a positive effect on self-esteem, anger, and forgiveness of people who abuse alcohol but further studies will be needed in order to determine the long term effects of an extended integrated program on rehabilitation of these people.
Alcoholics ; Alcoholics Anonymous ; Anger* ; Forgiveness* ; Humans ; Rehabilitation

PURPOSE: This study was done to describe the forgiveness experience following participation in forgiveness therapy of wives of men who abuse alcohol. METHODS: A qualitative research method was used to describe the lived experiences of the participants in forgiveness therapy. Sixteen wives of alcoholic men were purposefully sampled from two alcohol counseling centers located in South Korea. Forgiveness therapy consisted of 120-minutes sessions once weekly. The data were collected from four groups. Conversations in forgiveness therapy were recorded and dictated. Data were analyzed using the Fullilove's problem-oriented analysis method. RESULTS: The experience of wives of alcohol abusing husbands can be described as "Resistant," "Self-understanding," "Understanding her spouse," and "Growth" following forgiveness therapy. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that wives of men who abuse alcohol experienced recovery through forgiveness. Therefore forgiveness therapy can be used as an useful nursing intervention for inner healing and growth.
Alcoholics ; Counseling ; Forgiveness* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Nursing ; Qualitative Research ; Spouses*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between spirituality and a fighting spirit among the patients with cancer. METHODS: The participants were 223 patients diagnosed stomach, colorectal or breast cancer, and who were in chemotherapy or follow up care. The study design was cross-sectional at the time of the data collection. The degree of spirituality was measured by the Korean version of WHOQOL Spirituality, Religiousness and Personal Beliefs (SRPB) Pilot Test Module, and fighting spirit was measured by the scores of Mental Adjustment to Cancer(MAC) scale. RESULTS: The score of love appeared to be higher in the patients with follow up care than the patients with treatment(p<0.05) and the score of believing was much higher in patients with recurrence than the patients without (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation among hope, believing, love, forgiveness and acceptance, and fighting spirit. In the multiple regression analysis, hope and believing explained much variance of the fighting spirit. CONCLUSION: These finding showed that the more hopeful and believing patients with cancer had higher scores of fighting spirit, which was known to be one of the most active coping style in adjusting to cancer.
Breast Neoplasms ; Data Collection ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forgiveness ; Hope ; Humans ; Korea* ; Love ; Recurrence ; Spirituality* ; Stomach

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of Korean university students who participated in a therapeutic community. METHODS: Qualitative descriptive research was used. A focus group, in-depth interviews, participant-observation, and self-reports were used to collect data from 9 Korean university students. Participants lived with drug addicts for 6 weeks at DAYTOP in New York, USA. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Seven themes and 32 subthemes were found: 1) understanding myself through mutual observation: self-discovery, self-acceptance, self-differentiation, career choices, breaking an addictive habit; 2) healing emotional wounds: trust building, self-closure, recognition of emotional wounds, peaceful mind; 3) being honest with my emotions: understanding addicts, expression of emotions, attitudes about confrontation, confronting others: 4) expressing myself: time management, expression of thanks, I-message, behavior modification, taking a stand; 5) balancing responsibility: attitudes about leaders and work, sharing work, supplementing, sharing opinions; 6) becoming interested in others: understanding family members, recognition of differences, asking about concerns of others, asking for forgiveness, conversation with family members ; 7) becoming interested in the community: attitudes about community, keeping rules, role model, active participation. CONCLUSION: These results show that a therapeutic community can be effective in changing participants' inner selves and behaviors.
Behavior Therapy ; Career Choice ; Drug Users ; Focus Groups ; Forgiveness ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic ; Therapeutic Community* ; Time Management ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: In this study the effects of forgiveness therapy on the resilience, self-esteem, and spirituality of wives of men suffering from alcohol abuse was examined. METHODS: The study design was a quasi-experimental design. Forgiveness therapy was conducted once a week for 12 weeks. Data were obtained from March 2012 to December 2013. Participants were chosen from women in two Alcohol Counseling Centers. Of the 29 participants, 16 were assigned to the experimental group and 13 to the control group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, chi2-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. RESULTS: There were statistically significantly differences for resilience, self-esteem, and spirituality between the experimental and control groups. Forgiveness therapy improved the resilience, self-esteem, and spirituality in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<.05). In follow-up tests, the experimental group had a statistically significantly increase only in self-esteem. CONCLUSION: This study results show that forgiveness therapy is effective in improving resilience, self-esteem, and spirituality in wives of men suffering from alcohol abuse. Therefore, forgiveness therapy can be considered a useful nursing intervention to promote improvements in emotional stability and provide pain relief for these wives.
Adult ; Alcoholism/diagnosis ; Female ; *Forgiveness ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Program Evaluation ; Questionnaires ; *Resilience, Psychological ; *Self Concept ; *Spirituality ; Spouses/*psychology