Verruciform xanthoma is a rare benign lesion characterized by verrucous epidermal hyperplasia with aggregates of foam cells in dermal papillae. The pathogenesis is still unknown. Although most verruciform xanthoma tend to occur as isolated lesions, several have been associated with other conditions including squamous cell carcinoma and epidermal atypia. We describe a case of verruciform xanthoma associated with epidermal atypia.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Foam Cells ; Hyperplasia ; Xanthomatosis*

Foam Cells ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans

Recently, we have experienced two cases of xanthogranuloma in adults presenting either a solitary papule or multiple papules. Laboratory findings including blood lipid substances such as cholesterol and triglyceride were within normal limits. In both cases, we could not find any other extracutaneous manifestations. Granulomatous infiltrates containing foam cells, foreign body giant cells and Touton giant cells as well as histiocytes and lymphocytes were revealed by histopathologic findings.
Adult* ; Cholesterol ; Foam Cells ; Giant Cells ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Triglycerides

We herein report three caes of xanthogranuloma occurring in aduls representing solitary nodule or multiple papules. Blood lipid substances such as cholesterol and triglyceride were normal and extracutaneous manifestatioiis were not found in all cases. Histopathorogic findings commonly revealed a granulomatous infiltrate c(intaining foam cells, foreign body gianf. cells and Touton giant cells as well as histiocytes and lymphocytes.
Adult* ; Cholesterol ; Foam Cells ; Foreign Bodies ; Giant Cells ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Triglycerides

A 40-year old woman presented with a skin colored, multinodular, hard mass of 1.5x1.0cm and 1.0X1.0cm on the right 3rd toe for 20 years. Histopathologically, the tumor consisted of lobules of varied cellularity surrounded by dense collagen. Some areas were cellular and consisted of histiocyte-like cells, osteoclast-like giant cells, foam cells. Other areas were less cellular and consisted of spindle cells within hyalinized stroma, compatible with giant cell tumor of tendon sheath.
Adult ; Collagen ; Female ; Foam Cells ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Skin ; Tendons* ; Toes*

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare but chronic and severe infection of the kidney, characterized by extensive destruction of renal parenchyma and presence of granulomas, abscesses. foam cells, plasma cells and lymphocytes. Herein we present a case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, developed in 35 year-old woman with review of literatures.
Abscess ; Adult ; Female ; Foam Cells ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lymphocytes ; Plasma Cells ; Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous*

A 68-year-old woman presented with a solitary dome-shaped papule on the right forth finger and this lesion had been developing for the past 4 months. Histopathologic examination revealed the dermal infiltration of histiocytes with foam cells and Touton-type multinucleated giant cells, which was compatible with the diagnosis of xanthogranuloma. Based on the previous reports, xanthogranuloma of the finger is quite rare, and especially in adults. Herein, we report on a case of xanthogranuloma arising on the finger of an adult.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fingers ; Foam Cells ; Giant Cells ; Hand ; Histiocytes ; Humans

A 72-year-old woman with a pea sized, bluish, firm nodule was diagnosed as having a cellular type of dermatofibroma histopathologically. A biopsy specimen revealed a relatively well circumscribed, non-encapsulated, nodular infiltration of irregularly distributed histiocytes in the deep dermis. Foam cells were also noted. Gomoris iron stain revealed large amounts of hemosiderin deposits and some collagen were present as individual fibers in the lesion with Masson's trichrome stain.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Female ; Foam Cells ; Hemosiderin ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous* ; Humans ; Iron ; Peas

BACKGROUND: Naringin, one of the flavonoids in citrus fruit peels, is known to have antioxidant and hepatotonic effects in animal studies. We evaluated the effect of naringin on 1) blood lipid profiles, 2) regression of fatty streak of aorta, and 3) liver toxicity in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rabbits. METHODS: New Zealand White Rabbits (2.0 - 2.5 Kg) were divided to three groups; group without treatment, group treated with 100 mg/kg/d or 500 mg/kg/d naringin, and group treated with 1 mg/kg/d or 20 mg/kg/d lovastatin. They were fed on 0.25% or 1.0% cholesterol-containing diet for 8 weeks and then sacrificed. Blood samples were collected for measurement of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, serum GOT and GPT. Aortas and livers were harvested for evaluation of fatty streak and pathologic examination. RESULTS: 1)Feeding of 1% cholesterol diet for eight weeks significantly increased the cholesterol level upto 20 folds. Neither lovastatin nor naringin did lower these marked hypercholesterolemia. But both naringin (500 mg/kg/d) and lovastatin (1 mg/kg/d) significantly reduced the area of fatty streak by 75% and 58%, respectively. Naringin was more effective in inhibition of fat infiltration into liver than lovastatin which showed hepatotoxicity as increase of serum GPT level (p=0.01). 2)Feeding of 0.25% cholesterol diet for eight weeks significantly increased the cholesterol level upto 17 folds. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels tended to decrease by treatment with naringin (500 mg/kg/d) and lovastatin (20 mg/kg/d), but this decreases were not statistically significant. However, areas of fatty streak significantly decreased by treatment with naringin and lovastatin by 64 and 82%, respectively (p<0.05). Microscopic analysis revealed that foam cell infiltration into intima was significantly reduced by naringin and lovastatin. In contrast to lovastatin, naringin significantly reduced the level of serum GPT (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Like lovastatin, naringin has strong antiatherogenic action which may not be associated with its very mild lipid lowering action. In contrast to lovastatin, naringin does have hepatoprotective effect.
Animals ; Aorta ; Cholesterol ; Citrus ; Diet ; Flavonoids ; Foam Cells ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Liver ; Lovastatin ; Rabbits* ; Triglycerides

Macrophage cholesterol efflux is a central step in reverse cholesterol transport, which helps to maintain cholesterol homeostasis and to reduce atherosclerosis. Lipophagy has recently been identified as a new step in cholesterol ester hydrolysis that regulates cholesterol efflux, since it mobilizes cholesterol from lipid droplets of macrophages via autophagy and lysosomes. In this review, we briefly discuss recent advances regarding the mechanisms of the cholesterol efflux pathway in macrophage foam cells, and present lipophagy as a therapeutic target in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis ; Autophagy ; Cholesterol* ; Foam Cells ; Homeostasis ; Hydrolysis ; Lipid Droplets ; Lysosomes ; Macrophages*