No abstract available.
Chlamydia* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect* ; Herpes Simplex* ; Simplexvirus*

The pathophysiology of glandular dysfunction in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) has not been fully elucidated. Previously, we reported the presence of autoantibodies to AQP-5 in patients with SS, which was associated with a low resting salivary flow. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-AQP1 autoantibodies. To detect anti-AQP1 autoantibodies, cell-based indirect immunofluorescence assay was developed using MDCK cells that overexpressed human AQP1. By screening 112 SS and 52 control sera, anti-AQP1 autoantibodies were detected in 27.7% of the SS but in none of the control sera. Interestingly, the sera that were positive for anti-AQP1 autoantibodies also contained anti-AQP5 autoantibodies in the previous study. Different from anti-AQP5 autoantibodies, the presence of anti-AQP1 autoantibodies was not associated with the salivary flow rate. Although anti-AQP1 autoantibodies are not useful as a diagnostic marker, the presence of autoantibodies to AQP1 may be an obstacle to AQP1 gene therapy for SS.
Aquaporin 1 ; Autoantibodies* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ; Mass Screening

BACKGROUND: The gold standard for antinuclear antibody (ANA) screening is the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay with human epithelial cells (HEp-2). However, a number of substantial disadvantages of manual IIF assays have highlighted the need for the automation and standardization of fluorescent ANA (FANA) testing. We evaluated the performance of EUROPattern Suite (Euroimmun AG, Germany), an automated FANA image analyzer, with regard to ANA detection and pattern recognition compared with conventional manual interpretation using the fluorescence microscopic IIF assay. METHODS: A total of 104 samples including 70 ANA-positive sera and 34 ANA-negative sera collected from September to October 2015 were included. The sensitivity, specificity, and pattern recognition function were evaluated to determine the performance of EUROPattern Suite compared with the manual IIF assay results. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of EUROPattern Suite for ANA detection were 94.3% and 94.1%, respectively. The concordance rate between the two methods was 94.2%. For pattern recognition, 45.7% of the samples were assigned identical ANA patterns including simple and mixed. When major pattern matching was considered, 83.7% (41/49) and 95.2% (20/21) of the samples with simple and mixed patterns, respectively, showed concordant results between the two methods. CONCLUSIONS: EUROPattern Suite, an automated FANA image analyzer, provides a viable option for distinguishing between positive and negative results, although the ability to assign specific patterns is insufficient to replace manual microscopic interpretation. This automated system may increase efficiency in laboratories, in which a large number of samples need to be processed.
Antibodies, Antinuclear* ; Automation ; Epithelial Cells ; Fluorescence* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Granulocyte-specific antigens, such as NA1, NA2, NBI, NB2, NC1, NDI, NE1, are a group of antigens specifically expresesed only on the granulocytes. Antibodies against these are involved in some clinical disorders such as alloimmune neonatal neutropenia(ANN), autoimmune neutropenia(AIN), and transfusion-related acute lung injury(TRALI). We investigated the frequencies of NA1, NA2, NB1, and Mart antigens among Koreans by the granulocyte indirect immunofluorescence test employing flow cytometry. The subjects were 105 Koreans(male 65, female 40), whose mean age was 31.7+/-8.2 years (range 16~57). The antigen and gene frequencies were as follows, NA1, 0.78, 0.53, NA2, 0.75, 0.50, NB1 0.86, 0.62, and Mart, 1.00, 1.00, respectively. The proportions of NB 1 -positive granulocytes among NB 1-positive individuals were variable(range, 27~100%). Through this study, the authors procured granunlocyte-specifiic antigen papnel, which is essential in the identification of causative antibody(-ies) in immune neutropenias.
Antibodies ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Gene Frequency ; Granulocytes ; Humans ; Lung ; Neutropenia

Antinuclear antibody(ANA) and rheumatoid factor(RF) in the sera of 191 coal workers pneumoconiosis(CWP) patients, 65 healthy coal workers, and 52 non-mining controls were examined by the categories of CWP, age, duration of exposure, smoking and drinking habit. Indirect fluorescent antibody technique for ANA and latex agglutination method for RF were applied for detection. ANA was positive in 24.3% of CWP patients, 10.8% of healthy coal workers and 11.5% of non-mining controls. RF was positive in 36.5 % of CWP patients, 13.8 % of healthy coal workers and 9.6 % of non-mining controls.
Agglutination ; Anthracosis* ; Antibodies, Antinuclear* ; Coal* ; Drinking ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; Latex ; Rheumatoid Factor* ; Smoke ; Smoking

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations between clinical and laboratory parameters and antinuclear antibodies (ANA)in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: We determined functional status,disease duration,hemoglobin,platelet count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,C-reactive protein,rheumatoid factor (RF),ANA,and antiperinuclear factor in 89 RA patients.ANAs were studied by indirect immunofluorescence using Hep-2 cells.The medical records of the patients were reviewed. RESULTS: ANAs were detected in 30.3%of RA patients and 66.6%of ANAs were below the titer of 1:80.Nine patients had ANAs above the titer of 1:160, five of them had additional diseases besides RA.The ANA positivity was correlated only with the presence of RF.Two of the 5 ANA-positive patients without RF had thyroid disease. CONCLUSIONS: Except for RF,no significant correlation was observed between clinical and laboratory parameters and ANA positivity,but ANA positivity appears to be associated with the general autoimmunity.It is needed to search other associated pathologic conditions for ANA positive RA patients without RF.
Antibodies, Antinuclear* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Thyroid Diseases

Group A rotaviruses are the most common causes of gastroenteritis among infants and young children. The outer capsid layer of the virus is composed of two structural proteins, VP4 and VP7, and they play important roles in protection by eliciting neutralization antibodies. Group A rotaviruses are subdivided into distinct G and P serotypes according to the antigenic differences of the VP7 and VP4, respectively. Rotavirus G9 serotype was thought to be the fifth most common serotype circulating among the population worldwide. In this study, G9 human rotaviruses (HRV) were isolated from fecal samples using MA104 cells and characterized. Characteristic cytopathic effects of rotavirus were observed and rotaviral antigens were confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test in MA104 cells inoculated with isolated HRV strains. The nucleotide sequences of the VP7 gene of Korean G9 HRV isolated in this study were determined and compared with those of other recent and prototype G9 rotavirus strains from other parts of the world. Also, the nucleotide sequences of VP4 and NSP4 gene of Korean G9 HRV were determined and compared with those of other rotavirus strains from other countries. The results showed that the Korean HRV isolates belong to a G9, P[8] and NSP4 B genotype. The Korean G9 HRV isolates and their nucleotide sequence data would be usefully applied for the vaccine development of HRV in the near future.
Antibodies ; Base Sequence ; Capsid ; Child ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Gastroenteritis ; Genotype ; Humans* ; Infant ; Rotavirus*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare newly developed assay for identification of ENA antibody, Phadia EliA ENA with Euroimmun line immunoassay by analyzing the degree of agreement and the individual antibodies between two methods. METHODS: A total of 82 patient samples were used. Indirect immunofluorescence assay using Hep-2 cell was performed to screen the antinuclear antibody (ANA). Euroimmun line immunoassay (LIA) and Phadia EliA ENA assay were tested to identify the antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs). Kappa statistics was used to evaluate the degree of agreement. RESULTS: Mean age of patients was 41.0 (8-79), and the M:F ratio was 21:61. ANA was positive in 74 samples, and negative were 8 samples. Kappa analysis of the 82 tested samples showed a moderate strength of agreement (kappa = 0.521, P = 0.000). There were differences in the order of identified individual antibodies between two methods (Ro > La = RNP > Centromere > Sm > Scl-70 in Phadia EliA ENA, Ro > RNP > Sm>La > Scl-70 > Centromere=Jo-1 in Euroimmun LIA). Ro antibody was most frequently identified in Phadia EliA ENA negative-Euroimmun LIA positive specimens (Ro > RNP = Jo-1 > La = Sm = Centromere > Scl-70). CONCLUSIONS: A moderate strength of agreement was observed between the Phadia EliA ENA and the Euroimmun LIA. There seemed to be a significant difference in the ratio of individual antibodies, especially in the anti-Ro and Sm antibodies.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Antigens, Nuclear ; Centromere ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; Immunoassay

The distribution of pemphigus subclass autoantibodies in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) has been investigated by semiquantitative indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), using the HP series monoclonal antibodies specific for four human IgG subclasses on human foreskins. IgG1 and IgG4 intercellular substance-specific autoantibodies were detected in the serum of the patient, whereas IgG2 and IgG3 autoantibodies were absent. In addition to foreskins, human tonsillar epithelia were used as substrates of IIF for detecting the PV autoantibodies and it was one of satisfactory substitutes for monkey esophagus.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Autoantibodies* ; Esophagus ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Foreskin ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Pemphigus*