PURPOSE: The efficacy of continuous bladder irrigation with amphotericin B versus oral administration of fluconazole(Diflucan ) was compared in the treatment of patients with candiduria. . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective and comparative study of candiduriawas done on 28 patients(Amphotericin B: 13, Fluconazole: 15). Continuous bladder irrigation with 50mg amphotericin B/iota sterile water infused during 24 hours for 2 days was compared to oral administration of 50-100mg/day fluconazole for a range of 7-14 days. Urine culture were obtained 3days, 7 days after continuous bladder irrigation with amphotericin B and 7 days, 14 days after oral administration of fluconazole. RESULTS: The organism was eradicated in 10 patients(76.9%) who received continuous irrigation of amphotericin B and 11 patients(73.3%) who received oral fluconazole therapy. So, There was no statistically significant difference between continuous bladder irrigation with Amphotericin B group and oral medication of fluconazole group(p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in the cure rate of candiduria between continuous bladder irrigation with Amphotericin B group and oral medication of fluconazole group. So, patient's condition(Foley catheterization, possibility of ambulation and oral feeding) and convinience will be the important deciding factors to select adequate treatment method of candiduria.
Administration, Oral* ; Amphotericin B* ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Fluconazole* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder* ; Walking ; Water

A 5-year-old castrated male Chinchilla Persian cat weighing 4.84 kg was referred for hematuria. The cat had a history of urethrostomy and bacterial cystitis. In urine culture, Candida glabrata was cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Based on these results, the cat was diagnosed with Candida cystitis. Subsequently, oral administration of fluconazole was initiated. Urine culture was negative at 31 days after administration. This case describes the diagnosis and treatment of Candida glabrata infection of urinary bladder in a cat with a history of urethrostomy.
Administration, Oral ; Agar ; Animals ; Candida glabrata* ; Candida* ; Cats* ; Child, Preschool ; Chinchilla* ; Cystitis ; Diagnosis ; Fluconazole ; Glucose ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Male ; Urinary Bladder*

Alternaria is a common saprophytic fungus found in the environment such as soil, air, and a variety of objects. The cutaneous infection caused by this fungus occurs more frequent in patients with immunocompromission than in immunocompetent people. We report a case of cutaneous alternariosis in a 63-year-old woman presented with a tender erythematous patch on the right forearm. She was on medication only for hypertension. Histopathologic examination showed a dermal mixed-cell infiltrate including multinucleated giant cells. PAS staining revealed fungal elements in the dermis. Microscopic examination of the colonies showed muriform conidia. A diagnosis of cutaneous infection due to Alternaria species was made on the basis of the above mentioned findings. Oral administration of fluconazole revealed resolution of her cutaneous lesion.
Administration, Oral ; Alternaria ; Alternariosis ; Dermis ; Female ; Fluconazole ; Forearm ; Fungi ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Middle Aged ; Soil ; Spores, Fungal

Mycotic vaginitis is a common and frequently-occurring gynaecopathia and easy to attack repeatedly, so painful to patients. In this study, the authors observed the clinical efficacy of Sophora gel combined with Fluconazole capsules in treating mycotic vaginitis, in order to seek an effective method for treating mycotic vaginitis. Totally 85 patients with mycotic vaginitis treated in our hospital between December 2012 and July 2014 were randomly divided into the treatment group (43 patients) and the control group (42 patients). The treatment group was given vaginally Sophora gel (one piece every night for 14 days) and orally Fluconazole capsules (150 mg, once every three days, four times in total); The control group was only administered with Fluconazole capsules. The total efficacy, cure rate, recurrence rate and clinical symptom improvements of the two groups were observed. The results show that the total efficacy, the cure rate and the recurrence rate of the treatment group vs. the control group were respectively 97.7%, 90.7% and 2.6% vs. 83.3%, 71.4% and 20.0%, with statistical significance in their differences (P < 0.05). The treatment group showed reduced leucorrhea, pruritus vulvae disappearance and earlier mucosal hyperemia disappearance than the control group, with statistical significance in their differences (P < 0.05). In conclusion Sophora gel combined with Fluconazole capsules can improve antifungal activity of drugs, relieve clinical symptoms, shorten the course of disease, enhance the cure rate and reduce the recurrence rate; So this therapy can be widely applied in clinic.
Adult ; Antifungal Agents ; administration & dosage ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluconazole ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Mycoses ; drug therapy ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Treatment Outcome ; Vaginitis ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

Amphotericin B ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Fluconazole ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mycoses ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; standards

Adult ; Amphotericin B ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Fluconazole ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Glucocorticoids ; adverse effects ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Cutaneous involvement of patient with systemic cryptococcosis occur in 10% to 15% of the case reported in literature. We report a case of cutaneous cryptococcosis clinically mimiking keratoacanthoma in a 70-year-old male. The lesions showed multiple erythematous papules and elevated central crusted nodules with peripheral telangiectasia on the face, and he had been treated with chemotherapy for peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The skin biopsy specimen showed granulomatous reaction with lympohistiocytic infiltration and many round spores. The fungus culture from skin lesion showed mucoid creamy colored colonies and revealed microscopically thick encapsulated spores in India ink preparation. The culture on Christensen urea agar at 25degrees C for 1 week was positive. The patient was treated with intravenous administration of fluconazole 200 mg/day for a week with partial improvement. But he refused further treatment, and died after a month of discharge.
Administration, Intravenous ; Agar ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Cryptococcosis* ; Drug Therapy ; Fluconazole ; Fungi ; Humans ; India ; Ink ; Keratoacanthoma ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; Male ; Skin ; Spores ; Telangiectasis ; Urea

Though topical administration of antifungal agents for fungal keratitis is effective, it results various toxic effect on cornea depending on the kinds of agents. So, the authors applied several kinds of antifungal agents on the cornea of rabbit and made a comparative study for corneal epithelial damage of which is related to each agents and instillation time using scanning electron microscope. Forty eyes from twenty rabbits were instilled with 0.15% amphotericin B, 5% natamycin, 1% clotrimazole, 0.2% fluconazole and BSS(as a control) in single drop in each eight eyes and then each two corneas resected and examined after 30 minutes, 1 hours, 3 hours and 6 hours. All antifungals showed toxic effects on the corneal epithelium. Significant loss, elongation or swelling in microvilli, especially at the cell periphery, were noted. The top layer of epithelial cells showed moth-eaten appearance or punched-out lesions, and localized destruction. The surface cells were shrunken with wrinkling of plasma membrane and bulging of nucleous. Part of surface cells lost intercellular attachment leaving retraction fibrils. Rarely first and second layer cells of the epithelium were destructed, exposing third layer cells. Dark cells and premature desquamating cells increased significantly with the lapse of time. In general, 5% natamycin and 1% clotrimazole showed relatively severe epithelial toxicity, on the other hand, 0.15% amphotericin B and 0.2% fluconazole shoed mild epithelial toxicity. Localized damages in the epithelial cells were developed in the early stage, and an extent and the depth of the damage in the cells increased in the course of time after instillation.
Administration, Topical ; Amphotericin B ; Antifungal Agents* ; Cell Membrane ; Clotrimazole ; Cornea ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal* ; Fluconazole ; Hand ; Keratitis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microvilli ; Natamycin ; Rabbits*

The aim of present study was to prepare buccal tablets of fluconazole for oral candidiasis. The dosage forms were designed to release the drug above the minimum inhibitory concentration for prolonged period of time so as to reduce the frequency of administration and to overcome the side effects of systemic treatment. The buccal tablets were prepared by using Carbopol 71G and Noveon AA-1 by direct compression method. Microcrystalline cellulose was used as the filler and its effect was also studied. The prepared dosage forms were evaluated for physicochemical properties, in vitro release studies and mucoadhesive properties using sheep buccal mucosa as a model tissue. Tablets containing 50% of polymers (Carbopol & Noveon) were found to be the best with moderate swelling along with favorable bioadhesion force, residence time and in vitro drug release. The in vitro drug release studies revealed that drug released for 8 h, which in turn may reduce dosing frequency and improved patient compliance in oral candidiasis patients.
Acrylates ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Acrylic Resins ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Adhesiveness ; Administration, Buccal ; Animals ; Candidiasis, Oral ; drug therapy ; Cellulose ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Stability ; Excipients ; Fluconazole ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Mouth Mucosa ; metabolism ; Polymers ; administration & dosage ; Sheep ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Qishen Huoxue Granule (QHG) combined with Fluconazole on the survival rate of mice with systemic C. albaicans (CA) infection.

METHODSDeep CA infection model mice, with normal and low immunity, were established separately by injecting standard strain of CA via caudal vein, and were divided into 4 groups at random, treated by gastrogavage with normal saline (Group A), QHG (Group B) Fluconazole (FCZ, Group C) and QHG + FCZ (Group D) respectively, and a blank group was set up with normal mice for control. The survival time and the total survival rate in 30 days in various groups were recorded.

RESULTSFor mice with normal immunity, the survival rate in Group D and C was 79% and 78% respectively, showing no difference between them (P > 0.05). But for those with low immunity, it was 36% and 7% respectively, and the survival rate significantly higher in Group D than in Group C (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAs compared with those treated with FCZ alone, QHG combined with FCZ can raise the survival rate of the immuno-suppressed mice with systemic CA infection.

Animals ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; physiology ; Candidiasis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; mortality ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Fluconazole ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Random Allocation ; Survival Rate