Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common pediatric endocrine diseases,while hypoglycemia has become a major obstacle for DM control,which may lead to severe brain damage,growth and development restriction and even coma and death if the patients are not timely treated. In recent years,more and more scholars have paid attention to the anti-regulation effect of counterregulatory hormone response to hypoglycemia. Hence,it is crucial for us to prevent and treat DM by reviewing relevant studies and recognizing the specificity of counterregulatory hormone response to hypoglycemia in children with DM.