The membrane separation is a new practical technique with wide applications. This paper introduces the course of its development, theorem and feature, and the usage of its module. Its application in the research and production is reviewed. Its existent questions in the applications presently are analyzed and the relevant resolvents are brought forward.
Filtration ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hemofiltration ; instrumentation ; Micropore Filters ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Ultrafiltration ; instrumentation ; methods

BACKGROUND: Glomerular filtration rate(GFR) is an important parameter for the evaluation and monitoring of renal function. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the relative 1 hour uptake of (99m)Tc-DMSA renal scan(DMSA- %uptake, TRUR) and GFR which was estimated by (99m)Tc-DTPA, serum creatinine and 24 hour-urinary creatinine excretion. METHODS: Between January 1998 and March 2001, 65 patients had undergone (99m)Tc-DMSA renal scan, (99m)Tc-DTPA renal scan, serum creatinine and 24 hour-urinary creatinine excretion. Of them, 42 patients had moderately or severely reduced renal function(DTPA-GFR 0.05). In group B, TRUR (mean+/-S.D. 16.3+/-7.4%) was significantly correlated with DTPA-GFR(r=0.731, p < 0.01). In both group, serum creatinine, Ccr and C and G Ccr were significantly correlated with TRUR. CONCLUSION: Although the relative 1 hour uptake of the (99m)Tc-DMSA renal scan, as a method of renal cortical image could not estimate the true GFR, it showed a good correlation with GFR in patients with moderately reduced renal function. (99m)Tc-DMSA renal scan seems to be helpful to evaluate the renal function in patients with moderately reduced renal function.
Creatinine ; Filtration ; Glomerular Filtration Rate* ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate*

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate* ; Kidney*

No abstract available.
Albuminuria ; Glomerular Filtration Rate

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between microleakage and screw loosening at different types of implant-abutment connections and/or geometries measuring the torque values before and after the leakage tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three different abutment types (Intenal hex titanium, internal hex zirconium, morse tapered titaniuim) with different geometries were connected to its own implant fixture. All the abutments were tightened with a standard torque value then the composition was connected to the modified fluid filtration system. After the measurements of leakage removal torque values were re-measured. Kruskal-wallis test was performed for non-parametric and one-way ANOVA was performed for parametric data. The correlation was evaluated using Spearman Correlation Test (alpha=0.05). RESULTS: Significantly higher microleakage was found at the connection of implant-internal hex zirconium abutment. Observed mean torque value loss was also significantly higher than other connection geometries. Spearman tests revealed a significant correlation between microleakage and screw loosening. CONCLUSION: Microleakage may provoke screw loosening. Removing torque values rationally decrease with the increase of microleakage.
Filtration ; Titanium ; Torque ; Zirconium

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate*

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate*

CT-2002 air filtering mouth mask Vietnam producted was studied on electronic microscope concerning the structure, the convenience and the efficacy of dust filtering. Results showed that its efficacy reached 85-87% in an air flow of 30 liters/minute but in the flow of 95 liter/minute, the efficacy reduced to 44-46%. The evaluation of efficacy was performed similarly to American and Japanese NIOSH method
Mouth ; Filtration ; air

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate* ; Plasma*