PURPOSE: To analyze the findings of midcarpal and radiocarpal arthroscopic examinations in the diagnosis of wrist trauma and pathology focusing on interosseous ligament laxity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one midcarpal arthroscopic examinations were performed in conjunction with radiocarpal arthroscopic examinations. Thirty-one wrists with distal radius fracture and ten wrists with triangular fibrocartilage complex tear were included. Scapholunate and lunotriquetral ligament laxity was graded by using the Geissler classification and radiocarpal and midcarpal arthroscopic findings were compared. RESULTS: For scapholunate findings midcarpal arthroscopy confirmed radiocarpal findings in 14 cases and provided a diagnosis in 6 cases. For lunotriquetral findings midcarpal arthroscopy confirmed radiocarpal findings in 13 cases and provided a diagnosis in 6 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Midcarpal arthroscopy added more statistically significant information to the results of radiocarpal examination than wrist arthroscopy performed without a midcarpal examination.
Arthroscopy* ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Ligaments* ; Pathology ; Radius Fractures ; Triangular Fibrocartilage ; Wrist*

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype, molecular genetics and differential diagnoses of fibrocartilaginous lipomas which consist of adipose tissue, fibrocartilage and fibrous elements. Methods: The clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical profiles and molecular profiles in six cases of fibrocartilaginous lipomas diagnosed at Foshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2017 to February 2022 were included. The follow-up information, diagnosis and differential diagnoses were evaluated. Results: There were three males and three females with a median age of 53 years (range 36-69 years) at presentation. Tumors were located in the extremities, the head and neck region and trunk; and presented as painless masses that were located in the subcutaneous tissue or deep soft tissue. Grossly, three cases were well defined with thin capsule, one case was well circumscribed without capsule, two cases were surrounded by some skeletal muscle. The tumors were composed of fatty tissue with intermingled gray-white area. The tumors ranged from 1.50-5.50 cm (mean 2.92 cm). Microscopically, the hallmark of these lesions was the complex admixture of mature adipocytes, fibrocartilage and fibrous element in varying proportions; the fibrocartilage arranged in a nodular, sheet pattern with some adipocytes inside. Tumor cells had a bland appearance without mitotic activity. Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies to SMA, desmin, S-100, SOX9, HMGA2, RB1, CD34, adipopholin was performed in six cases; the fibrocartilage was positive for S-100 and SOX9, adipocytes were positive for S-100, adipopholin and HMGA2; CD34 was expressed in the fibroblastic cells, while desmin and SMA were negative. Loss of nuclear RB1 expression was not observed. Other genetic abnormalities had not been found yet in four cases. Follow-up information was available in six cases; there was no recurrence in five, and one patient only underwent biopsy of the mass. Conclusions: Fibrocartilaginous lipoma is a benign lipomatous tumor with mature adipocytes, fibrocartilage and fibrous elements. By immunohistochemistry, they show the expression of fat and cartilage markers. No specific molecular genetics changes have been identified so far. Familiarity with its clinicopathological features helps the distinction from its morphologic mimics.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Desmin/analysis* ; China ; Lipoma/pathology* ; Fibroblasts/pathology* ; S100 Proteins/analysis* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibrocartilage/pathology* ; Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis*

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) on accelerating the fibrocartilage layer repair of patella-patellar tendon junction. METHODS: A total of 60 mature female New Zealand white rabbits undergoing standard partial patellectomy were divided into 2 groups randomly. The control group was given comfort treatment and the treatment group was given LIPUS treatment starting from day 3 to the end of week 6 postoperatively. The scheduled time points of animal euthanization would be at week 6, week 12 and week 18 postoperatively. The patella-patellar tendon (PPT) complex would be harvested and cut into sections after decalcification for H&E staining, Safranine o/fast green staining. The thickness and gray value of fibrocartilage layer were analyzed by SANO Microscope Partner image analyzer. RESULTS: At week 6, week 12 and week 18 postoperatively, the fibrocartilage layer in the treatment group was significantly thicker than that in the control group (P<0.01), and the gray value of fibrocartilage layer was significantly smaller than that in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION LIPUS helps to accelerate the fibrocartilage layer repair of patella-patellar tendon junction in rabbit models.
Animals ; Female ; Fibrocartilage ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Patella ; surgery ; Patellar Ligament ; injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Rabbits ; Tendon Injuries ; therapy ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods ; Wound Healing ; physiology