PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the mammographic features and pathologic outcome of category 4 lesions using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System(BI-RADS), and to evaluate the significance of final assessment categories. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using BI-RADS, the interpretations of 8,134 mammograms acquired between January 1997 and May 1998 were categorized. From among 161 lesions categorized as "4"("suspicious abnormality") and pathologically confirmed by surgery or biopsy, we analysed 113, found in 66 patients. RESULTS: The pathologic outcome of these 113 lesions was as follows: infiltrating ductal carcinoma, 17.7%(20/113); DCIS(ductal carcinoma in sitv), 8.0 %(9/113); ADH(atypical ductal hyperplasia), 5.3 % (6/113); DEH(ductal epithelial hyperplasia), 1.8 %(2/113); ductectasia, 0.9 %(1/113), FCD(fibrocystic change), 27 .4 %(31/113); fibroadenoma, 7.1 %(8/113); stromal fibrosis, 9.7%(11/113); normal parenchyma, 7.1 % (8/113); other pathology, 15.0 %(17/113). The most frequent mammographic features of BI-RADS category 4 lesions were irregular mass shape(41.2 %), spiculated mass margin(52.3%), amorphous calcification(47.3%) and clustered calcification distribution(37.1% ). CONCLUSION: Because category 4 lesions account for about 25.7 % of all breast malignancies, mammographic lesions in this category ("suspicious abnormality")should be considered for supplementary study and breast biopsy rather than short-term follow-up. Initial pathologic findings can thus be confirmed.
Biopsy ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Fibroadenoma ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Pathology

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the mammographic features and pathologic outcome of category 4 lesions using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System(BI-RADS), and to evaluate the significance of final assessment categories. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using BI-RADS, the interpretations of 8,134 mammograms acquired between January 1997 and May 1998 were categorized. From among 161 lesions categorized as "4"("suspicious abnormality") and pathologically confirmed by surgery or biopsy, we analysed 113, found in 66 patients. RESULTS: The pathologic outcome of these 113 lesions was as follows: infiltrating ductal carcinoma, 17.7%(20/113); DCIS(ductal carcinoma in sitv), 8.0 %(9/113); ADH(atypical ductal hyperplasia), 5.3 % (6/113); DEH(ductal epithelial hyperplasia), 1.8 %(2/113); ductectasia, 0.9 %(1/113), FCD(fibrocystic change), 27 .4 %(31/113); fibroadenoma, 7.1 %(8/113); stromal fibrosis, 9.7%(11/113); normal parenchyma, 7.1 % (8/113); other pathology, 15.0 %(17/113). The most frequent mammographic features of BI-RADS category 4 lesions were irregular mass shape(41.2 %), spiculated mass margin(52.3%), amorphous calcification(47.3%) and clustered calcification distribution(37.1% ). CONCLUSION: Because category 4 lesions account for about 25.7 % of all breast malignancies, mammographic lesions in this category ("suspicious abnormality")should be considered for supplementary study and breast biopsy rather than short-term follow-up. Initial pathologic findings can thus be confirmed.
Biopsy ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Fibroadenoma ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore an ideal technique for remodeling the breast after resection of large breast fibroadenoma.

METHODSBased on the principle of breast reduction, an operation plan was designed. The new locations of the nipple, and the areola and the area of the breast skin to be resected were marked. The preoperative-marked skin, epidermis, and the whole breast tumor were resected routinely. Then breast remodeling followed according to augmentation mammoplasty. Seven patients underwent this operation.

RESULTSThe operative results were satisfactory in terms of multiple parameters during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONSThis operation can effectively resect the breast tumor and remodel the breast simultaneously.

Breast ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; surgery ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Nipples ; surgery

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; enzymology ; pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Telomerase ; metabolism

Irregular hypoechoic masses in the breast do not always indicate malignancies. Many benign breast diseases present with irregular hypoechoic masses that can mimic carcinoma on ultrasonography. Some of these diseases such as inflammation and trauma-related breast lesions could be suspected from a patient's symptoms and personal history. Careful ultrasonographic examination and biopsy could help to differentiate these from malignancies.
Abscess/ultrasonography ; Breast Diseases/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology/*ultrasonography ; Carcinoma/pathology/ultrasonography ; Female ; Fibroadenoma/pathology/ultrasonography ; Fibrocystic Breast Disease/pathology/ultrasonography ; Granulomatous Mastitis/pathology/ultrasonography ; Humans ; Ultrasonography, Mammary

A fibroadenoma was diagnosed in the left udder of a 3-month-old female Chios lamb. No recurrence was observed after surgery. Grossly, the tumor had a whitishgray lobular appearance, and the lobules were interlaced with thin septa. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of proliferating fibroepithelial tissue, including differentiated ducts lined by whorls and interlacing bundles of abundant loose fibrovascular stroma. Immunohistochemistry revealed the ductal epithelium to be positive for pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and loose fibrovascular stroma was positive for vimentin and basal cells covering the ductal epithelium of alpha-smooth-muscle actin. Immunostaining for the estrogen and progesterone receptors was negative. A diagnosis of mammary fibroadenoma was made based on the histological and immunohistochemical findings.
Animals ; Female ; Fibroadenoma/pathology/*veterinary ; Keratins/metabolism ; Mammary Glands, Animal/*pathology ; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/*pathology ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/*pathology ; Vimentin/metabolism

Myoid hamartoma is an uncommon type of breast hamartoma and its recurrence is very rare. We report the imaging appearance of an unusual case of recurrent myoid hamartoma of the breast mimicking malignancy in a 43-year-old woman. Although the mammographic and ultrasonographic findings have long been described in the literature, MR finding with a dynamic study has not, to the best of our knowledge, been reported previously.
Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroadenoma/*pathology ; Hamartoma/*pathology/surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology

Breast Neoplasms ; etiology ; genetics ; pathology ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; genetics ; Humans ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Phyllodes Tumor ; etiology ; genetics ; pathology ; Stromal Cells ; pathology

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; pathology ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Diseases ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; pathology ; Fibrosarcoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Mucocele ; pathology ; Myxosarcoma ; pathology

Objective: To investigate the pathological features and the clinicopathological significance of TERT detection in those tumors that were difficult to diagnosis. Methods: A total of 93 cases of fibroepithelial tumors without definite diagnosis were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Qigndao University between 2013 and 2021. The clinical details such as patients' age and tumor size were collected. All slides were re-reviewed and the pathologic parameters, including stromal cellularity, stromal cell atypia, stromal cell mitoses, and stromal overgrowth were re-interpreted. Sanger sequencing was used to detect TERT promoter status, and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect TERT protein expression. The relationship between TERT promoter mutation as well as protein expression levels and the clinicopathological parameters were also analyzed. Results: The patients' ages ranged from 30 to 71 years (mean of 46 years); the tumor size ranged from 1.2 to 8.0 cm (mean 3.8 cm). These tumors showed the following morphologic features: leafy structures in the background of fibroadenoma, or moderately to severely abundant stromal cells. The interpretations of tumor border status were ambiguous in some cases. The incidence of TERT promoter mutation was high in patients of age≥50 years, tumor size≥4 cm, and stromal overgrowth at ×4 or ×10 objective, and these clinicopathologic features were in favor of diagnosis of phyllodes tumors. TERT protein expression levels was not associated with the above clinicopathologic parameters and its promoter mutation status. Conclusions: The diagnostic difficulty for the breast fibroepithelial tumors is due to the difficulty in recognition of the leafy structures or in those cases with abundant stromal cells. A comprehensive evaluation combined with morphologic characteristics and molecular parameters such as TERT promoter may be helpful for the correct diagnosis and better evaluating recurrence risk.
Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Female ; Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial/pathology* ; Phyllodes Tumor/genetics* ; Stromal Cells ; Fibroadenoma/pathology* ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology* ; Mutation ; Telomerase/genetics*