OBJECTIVETo investigate the interaction of deficiency in thrombosis-related gene in a mouse model.

METHODSTo generate mice carrying mutations in alpha-galactosidase A (Gla) and factor V Leiden (Fvl) and analyze the phenotypes, namely, tissue fibrin deposition and thrombus formation in organs.

RESULTSFibrin deposition in organs of mice carrying both mutations in Gla and Fvl was significantly increased compared with that in mice with single mutaton: [Gla(-/0) Fv(Q/Q)+Gla(-/-)Fv(Q/Q)] vs.[Gla(-/0)Fv(+/+)]=(0.28+/-0.03)% vs.(0.07+/-0.007)%, P<0.01; [Gla(-/0)Fv(Q/Q)+Gla(-/-)Fv(Q/Q)] vs.[Gla(+/0)Fv(Q/Q)+Gla(+/+)Fv(Q/Q)]=(0.28+/-0.03)% vs.(0.11+/-0.02)%, P< 0.01. Meanwhile, the number of thrombi on organ sections of mice carrying both mutations in Gla and Fvl was significantly increased compared with the single mutation carrier: [Gla(-/0)Fv(Q/Q)+Gla(-/-)Fv(Q/Q)] vs.[Gla(-/0)Fv(+/+)]=1.9+/-0.7 vs. 0.0+/-0.0, P<0.05; [Gla(-/0)Fv(Q/Q)+Gla(-/-)Fv(Q/Q)] vs. [Gla(+/0)Fv(Q/Q)+Gla(+/+)Fv(Q/Q)]=1.9+/-0.7 vs. 0.3+/-0.1, P<0.05.

CONCLUSIONThese observations demonstrated that there was synergistic effect in Gla and Fvl deficiency in mice. It suggested that there could be a combination of GLA deficiency and FVL or other thrombosis-related gene defect in patients with genetic severe early-onset thrombosis.

Animals ; Factor V ; genetics ; Fibrin ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Mutation ; Thrombosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; alpha-Galactosidase ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of fibrinogen (Fg), fibrin (Fb) and fibrin (ogen) degradation products (FDPs) on tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expressions of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in coculture system.

METHODSFg, Fb and FDPs at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 g/L) were added to the transwell coculture system of HUVECs and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) for 24 hours. The expressions of tPA and PAI-1 at mRNA level were examined by RT-PCR and tPA and PAI-1 protein and activity were detected by ELISA and substrate chromogenic assays.

RESULTStPA expression was not affected by Fg. Fg at concentrations between 3.0 - 4.5 g/L significantly enhanced the mRNA expression, protein content and activity of PAI-1, while expression of PAI-1 was significantly inhibited by Fg at concentration of 6.0 g/L. Fb at concentrations between 3.0 - 4.5 g/L significantly up-regulated mRNA expression, increased protein content and down-regulated activity of tPA. Fb (1.5 - 4.5 g/L) also enhanced the mRNA expression, increased protein content and activity of PAI-1. FDPs at concentrations 3.0 - 6.0 g/L down-regulated the expression of tPA and FDPs at concentrations 1.5 - 6.0 g/L significantly enhanced PAI-1 mRNA expression.

CONCLUSIONFg, Fb and FDPs play important roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by modulating the expression of tPA and PAI-1 of endothelial and SMCs.

Animals ; Arteriosclerosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Fibrin ; metabolism ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; metabolism ; Fibrinogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; metabolism

Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Middle Aged

Silk fibroin, a natural fibrin, is a suitable matrix biomaterial for wound repair due to its unique properties such as good biocompatibility, tunable biodegradation and mechanical properties, low host inflammatory response, low cost, ease of fabrication, etc. Silk fibroin can be used alone or in combination with other materials to construct various dressings including scaffolds, hydrogels, films, smart mats, and microneedles, which can meet the needs of different wound repair and regulate the wound repair process. Thus, the application research of silk fibroin in skin tissue engineering has increased dramatically. Compared with other natural materials, silk fibroin promotes tissue regeneration and wound repair by improving cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation behavior at different stages, showing unique advantages in different dimensions. Based on the development of silk fibroin wound repair materials in the recent years, this review focuses on the mechanism and application prospect of silk fibroin and its composite materials in wound repair.
Fibroins/metabolism* ; Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use* ; Tissue Engineering ; Hydrogels ; Fibrin ; Tissue Scaffolds

Formation of dermal collagen fiber is a complicated and sequential process with the progressive assembly of collagen. Collagen monomers form stepped and orderly protofibrils through longitudinal displacement. Subsequently, protofibrils or protofibrils and collagen are bonded by covalent bonds to form orderly lamellar structure of collagen fibers. Then collagen fibers are tightly wound into coarse collagen fiber bundles by covalent crosslinking. Decorin is a multifunctional small leucine-rich proteoglycan. It can prevent the aggregation of protofibrils by binding to the specific site of collagen with its core protein, and adjusting the spacing between the protofibrils with its glycosaminoglycan chain. Thus, by effecting the formation of collagen fibers with regulation of collagen assembly, decorin may help prevent scar formation and even promote regeneration.
Collagen ; Decorin ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Fibrillar Collagens ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Fibrin ; metabolism ; Humans ; Microfibrils ; metabolism ; Proteoglycans ; metabolism ; pharmacology

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; metabolism ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prothrombin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Tissue regeneration is an important engineering method for the treatment of oral soft and hard tissue defects.Growth factors,as one of the three elements of tissue regeneration,are a necessary condition for tissue regeneration.Concentrated growth factor(CGF)is a new generation of blood extract prepared by changing the centrifugal speed on the basis of the preparation of platelet-rich plasma(PRP)and platelet-rich fibrin(PRF).It contains abundant growth factors and a fibrin matrix with a three-dimensional network structure,being capable of activating angiogenesis and promoting tissue regeneration and healing.CGF has been widely used in the repair and regeneration of oral soft and hard tissues.This paper introduces the preparation and composition of CGF and reviews the application of CGF in oral implantation and the regeneration of oral bone tissue,periodontal tissue,and dental pulp tissue.
Platelet-Rich Plasma/metabolism* ; Platelet-Rich Fibrin ; Cell Proliferation ; Bone and Bones ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism* ; Bone Regeneration

BACKGROUNDWe investigated whether and to what extent the ratio between circulating fibrinogen (Fg) and its degradation products (FDP) reflects the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 2 diabetic patients.

METHODSPlasma levels of Fg and FDP were determined, and Fg/FDP ratio was calculated in 344 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes and chest pain on exertion undergoing coronary angiography. The severity of CAD was evaluated by the number of significant CAD (>50% luminal diameter narrowing) and Gensini score.

RESULTSPlasma Fg was higher, but Fg/FDP ratio was lower in patients with significant CAD (n = 255) compared with those without (n = 89), due to a disproportionate increase in FDP. Fg and FDP correlated positively, while Fg/FDP ratio negatively, with the number of diseased coronary arteries and the tertile of Gensini score (all P values for trend < 0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, risk factors for CAD, lipid profiles, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, leukocyte count, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, Fg/FDP ratio remained an independent determinant for multivessel coronary disease (MVD) (odds ratio [OR], 0.869; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.788-0.958, P = 0.005) and high tertile of Gensini score (OR, 0.797, 95% CI, 0.682-0.930, P = 0.004). The area under the curve of Fg/FDP ratio was larger than that of Fg for predicting the presence of MVD (0.647 vs. 0.563, P = 0.048) and Gensini score ≥ 30 (0.656 vs. 0.538, P = 0.026).

CONCLUSIONSElevated plasma Fg and FDP level and reduced Fg/FDP ratio are associated with presence of CAD, and Fg/FDP ratio is superior to Fg in reflecting severe coronary atherosclerosis for patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; blood ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrin ; metabolism ; Fibrinogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

We present a rare case of a pleural loose body, thought to be a pedunculated pleural tumor, found incidentally in a 58-year-old female. Computed tomography showed a non-enhancing mass, which migrated along the mediastinum and paravertebral area. Thoracoscopic surgery revealed a 4 cm, soap-like mass that was found to be a fibrin body consisting of hyalinized collagen histopathologically. Mobility and the lack of contrast enhancement of a pleural mass are important clues to diagnosing this benign condition.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibrin/metabolism ; Humans ; Mediastinum ; Middle Aged ; Pleura/*pathology/surgery ; Pleural Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We measured plasma levels of fibrinogen degradation products (FgDP) with newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on monoclonal antibody to assess the fibrinogenolytic state in 52 patients with various liver diseases (27 patients with liver cirrhosis, 10 with chronic hepatitis, 7 with acute hepatitis, 6 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 2 with intrahepatic cholestasis). As compared with 20 healthy subjects (upper limit: 580 ng/ml), elevated plasma levels (660-32000 ng/ml) of FgDP were found in 19 (36.5%) patients. When analyzed according to the underlying disease categories, the magnitude of elevations of FgDP were most prominent in patients with chronic hepatitis. No correlation was found between plasma FgDP levels and serum AST or ALT activity. These findings indicate that increased primary fibrinogenolysis is not rare in liver disease, but poorly correlates with liver function.
Chronic Disease ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/*metabolism ; Fibrinolysis ; Hepatitis/blood ; Human ; Liver Diseases/*blood