Objective To determine ecdysterone content in Radix Achyranthis Bidentalae by near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (NIRDRS) combined with partial least squares (PLS). Methods NIRDRS and PLS. Results The correlation coefficient of the quantitative mathematics model between the prediction and the true values was 0.948 9. It is feasible to appling the above established method to determination of chemical constituents in Chinese materia medica. Conclusion Compared with other methods, the method is simple, rapid, high efficient, low expenditure, no pollution and with preparation undone and is suit for large quantity of unknown samples.

Graphene ( GN) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes ( MWCNT) composites were coated on glassy carbon electrode ( GCE ) and then poly ( nicotinic acid ) ( PNA ) was electrodeposited on the modified electrode. The electrochemical behavior of pyridoxine hydrochloride ( VB6 ) was investigated at the modified electrode by cyclic voltammetry ( CV ) and differential pulse voltammetry ( DPV ) . Results showed the oxidation current of VB6 at the GN-MWCNT/PNA/GCE was obviously larger than that at GCE, PNA/GCE and GN/MWCNT/GCE. The oxidation process of VB6 was an irreversible diffusion-controlled process involving one electron and two protons. The liner range between the peak current intensity of DPV and the concentration of VB6 was 0 . 05-200 μmol/L with a detection limit of 0 . 02 μmol/L ( S/N=3 ) . The modified electrode showed a good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of 3 . 1% ( n=8 ) . The proposed method was applied to the analysis of vitamin B6 in vitamin B6 tablets and compound vitamin B tablets with recoveries between 96 . 1%-104 . 5%.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of application of single and dual antiplatelet aggregation therapy in high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level in patients with angina pectoris. Methods Ninety-six hospitalized patients with angina 6~48 h (hs-CRP< 2 mg/L) were selected and randomly divided into single aspirin group (aspirin 100 mg/d, n=48) and aspirin plus clopidogrel combination therapy group (aspirin 100 mg/d and clopidogrel 75 mg/d, n=48). The efficacy was evaluated after 30-day treatment. Data of composite end points were analyzed by follow-up in patients within 6 months. Results The total effective rates were 85.42%for combination therapy group and 81.25%for single aspirin group. There was no significant difference in total effective rate between two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in events of composite end points in patients after treatment between two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion For angina pectoris patients with hs-CRP<2 mg/L, the risk of cardiovascular events is relatively little. There is no obvious difference in curative effect between single and dual antiplatelet aggreration therapies.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics and prognostic factor of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) . Methods: From January 2006 to October 2015, 152 patients with HLH, 88 patients had CNS involvement, their clinical data were collected, and survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier life table method, univariate and multivariate Cox regression model analyses were applied to identify the risk factors of prognosis. Results: ①57.9% patients complicated with neurological symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities were observed in 37.0% patients, 57.5% patients had abnormal neuroradiology. ②36 patients survived well, 3 patients lost to follow-up, 49 dead, 1 survival patient had epilepsy. ③The 3-year overall survival rate of 88 patients was 44%. ④abnormal CSF and unreceived IT bore a significant, independent adverse prognostic value (P<0.05) . Conclusion CNS involvement in HLH has a high frequency and poor prognosis, few patients remained neurologic sequelae; abnormal CSF related to poor prognosis, positive intrathecal injections could improve the prognosis.

Deciphering the metabolites of multiple components in herbal medicine has far-reaching significance for revealing pharmacodynamic ingredients.However,most chemical components of herbal medicine are secondary metabolites with low content whose in vivo metabolites are close to trace amounts,making it difficult to achieve comprehensive detection and identification.In this paper,an efficient strategy was proposed:herb-derived metabolites were predicted according to the structural characteristics and metabolic reactions of chemical constituents in Corydalis Rhizoma and chemical structure screening tables for metabolites were conducted.The fragmentation patterns were summarized from represen-tative standards combining with specific cleavage behaviors to deduce structures of metabolites.Ion abundance plays an important role in compound identification,and high ion abundance can improve identification accuracy.The types of metabolites in different biological samples were very similar,but their ion abundance might be different.Therefore,for trace metabolites in biological samples,we used the following two methods to process:metabolites of high dose herbal extract were analyzed to char-acterize those of clinical dose herbal extracts in the same biological samples;cross-mapping of different biological samples was applied to identify trace metabolites based on the fact that a metabolite has different ion abundance in different biological samples.Compared with not using this strategy,44 more metabolites of clinical dose herbal extract were detected.This study improved the depth,breadth,and accuracy of current methods for herb-derived metabolites characterization.

Objective To investigate chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes in workers engaged in radiation for a long time,to reduce occupational hazard caused by ionizing radiation,and to further strengthen health surveillance.Methods A total of 366 members of medical staff engaged in radiation work who underwent physical examinations in Hangzhou Hospital of Prevention and Treatment of Occupation Diseases from 2014 to 2015 were enrolled as radiation group,consisting of staff engaged in X-ray diagnosis,diagnostic radiology,radiotherapy,and interventional radiology.Another 100 members of medical staff without exposure to radiation were enrolled as control group.Whole blood culture was used to measure chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes.Results The radiation group had a significantly higher rate of chromosome aberration than the control group(0.30％ vs 0.09％,x2=13.43,P＜0.01),as well as a significantly higher micronucleus frequency than the control group (2.09‰ vs 0.08‰,x2=74.4,P＜0.01).The abnormal rates of chromosome aberration and micronucleus showed no significant differences across radiation workers with different working years (P＞0.05).The staff engaged in X-ray diagnosis,diagnostic radiology,radiotherapy,and interventional radiology had rates of chromosome aberration of 0.25％,0.25％,0.23％,and 0.41％,respectively,which showed a significant difference between the staff at these four posts (x2=8.22,P＜0.05);the micronucleus frequencies in the staff at these four posts were 1.36‰,1.28‰,1.14‰,and 3.79‰,respectively,and showed a significant difference between the staff at these four posts (x2=251.09,P＜0.01).Conclusion Radiation workers are exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation for a long time,which may cause significant increases in the rate of chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Objective To investigate chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes in workers engaged in radiation for a long time,to reduce occupational hazard caused by ionizing radiation,and to further strengthen health surveillance.Methods A total of 366 members of medical staff engaged in radiation work who underwent physical examinations in Hangzhou Hospital of Prevention and Treatment of Occupation Diseases from 2014 to 2015 were enrolled as radiation group,consisting of staff engaged in X-ray diagnosis,diagnostic radiology,radiotherapy,and interventional radiology.Another 100 members of medical staff without exposure to radiation were enrolled as control group.Whole blood culture was used to measure chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes.Results The radiation group had a significantly higher rate of chromosome aberration than the control group(0.30％ vs 0.09％,x2=13.43,P＜0.01),as well as a significantly higher micronucleus frequency than the control group (2.09‰ vs 0.08‰,x2=74.4,P＜0.01).The abnormal rates of chromosome aberration and micronucleus showed no significant differences across radiation workers with different working years (P＞0.05).The staff engaged in X-ray diagnosis,diagnostic radiology,radiotherapy,and interventional radiology had rates of chromosome aberration of 0.25％,0.25％,0.23％,and 0.41％,respectively,which showed a significant difference between the staff at these four posts (x2=8.22,P＜0.05);the micronucleus frequencies in the staff at these four posts were 1.36‰,1.28‰,1.14‰,and 3.79‰,respectively,and showed a significant difference between the staff at these four posts (x2=251.09,P＜0.01).Conclusion Radiation workers are exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation for a long time,which may cause significant increases in the rate of chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

The human gastrointestinal tract is the largest reservoir of bacteria in the body,inhabiting a very complex and active microbial community.Under normal circumstances,the interaction between the intestinal flora and the host maintains a dynamic balance.Spleen deficiency syndrome is a common classic syndrome type in TCM clinical practice.A large number of studies have shown that spleen deficiency syndrome is closely related to intestinal microorganisms,and the balance of intestinal flora is the basis for the normal functioning of the spleen's main transportation and transformation functions.Intestinal flora imbalance can lead to a series of manifestations of spleen deficiency.In addition,intestinal flora is an important medium for the metabolism of polysaccharide components and the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the spleen,and traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the spleen can also play a therapeutic role by regulating the structure and quantity of intestinal flora.This article summarizes the relationship between intestinal flora and spleen deficiency syndrome in physiology,pathology,and the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the spleen.Based on intestinal flora,the study of spleen deficiency syndrome aims to provide some thoughts and suggestions for revealing the connotation of spleen deficiency syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of central nervous system(CNS)in-volvement in Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(HLH).Methods A total of 89 patients with EBV-HLH diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2006 to Octo-ber 2015 were divided into involved CNS group and non-involved group according to whether there was CNS involve-ment. The clinical manifestations,laboratory examinations and outcomes of these two groups were analyzed. Results Among these 89 patients with EBV-HLH,39 patients developed CNS disease,19 cases of them had neuro-logical symptoms or signs,including convulsions,unconsciousness,facial palsy,dysarthria,dysphagia,irritability,neck stiffness,Babinski sign positive,opisthotonus;9 cases of them had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),with elevated white blood cell count and protein level;26 patients had abnormal brain images,including deepen or widening cortical sulci,atrophy,hemorrhage,high T2 signal in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The 3-year survival rate in involved CNS group was lower than those of non-involved group(66.7% vs.86.0%),and there was statistical significance (χ2=4.267,P=0.039).The involved CNS group had higher ferritin(χ2=5.092,3.921;P=0.024,0.048)and lower platelets(Z= -2.643,P=0.008)than those of non-involved group,and there were statistical significances.COX mul-tivariate analysis showed that neurological symptom and abnormal CSF were independent prognostic factors(RR=3.134, 3.339,all P<0.05).Conclusion CNS involvement is frequent in EBV-HLH.The prognosis of children with involved CNS group is worse than those of non-involved group.Neurological symptoms and abnormal CSF are related to poor prognosis.