Objective To analyze the possible risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD),and to provide clues to its etiology and prevention.Methods A matched case-control study,including 91 cases of PD and 364 controls,was carried out in Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital.Subjects completed an interviewer administered questionnaire about some putative risk factors.Multivariable conditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associated factors for PD.SAS 8.0 was used to analyze the data.Results 6 risk factors were found significantly associated with PD.The odds ratio (OR) of Parkinson's disease was 5.421 (95％CI:1.272-23.103) for family history,3.330 (95％CI:1.268-8.741) for rural living more than 10 years,2.495 (95％CI:1.044-5.961) for maternal smoking during pregnancy,1.607 (95％ CI:1.224-2.112) for maternal age more than 37 years,3.673 (95％CI:1.766 7.643) for history of drinking alcohol,2.147 (95％CI:1.279 3.602) for less physical exercising.Conclusions PD is a disease affected by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors,and the risk factors should be intervened selectively.

BACKGROUND:Currently,there are many studies concerning the pathogenesis,process,and damage of glaucoma,however,there is not an ideal glaucoma modelOBJECTIVE:To prepare rabbit intraocular hypertension models using three different material injections,and to verify the practical value of intraocular hypetension modelsMETHODS:Thidy New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups,with 10 animals in each group.One eye of each rabbit was served as the experimental eyes and the other eye as control eyes.Autoblood.methyl cellulose,C3F8 was injected into the anterior chamber of the experimental eyes.and the normal saline was injected into the control eyes.The intraocular pressure(IOP)was monitored prior to injection and at hours 0,24,36,48,72,96.120 and 168 after injection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Intraocular hype Rension models could be induced by injecting 3 kinds of materials,and the IOP was obviously increased after injection(P＜0.05),and the ranges and periods of increasing were varied.The periods of increasing of 3 materials were 1,3 and 7 days,respectively,which could maintain for longer time for a second injection.The IOP ranged 1.86-6.65 kPa,and mild anterior segment inflammation could be found.The experiment demonstrated that intraocular hypeansion models using three different material injections are ideal models,which is characterized by simple,reliable and controllable.The suitable model can be selected for acute or chronic glaucoma research.

Objective To investigate and analyze the mental health status of the students from poor families and non-poor students by comparative study.Methods Conducting the cluster sampling methods,the author investigated 885 medical students with questionnaires.We input data with Epidata 3.0 software and described it with SPSS 11.0 statistical software,which also did the nonparametric rank sum test.Results 92.7％(667/719) students from poor families considered their economic status among the general level or much lower level.There were 41.9％(294/702) students from poor families who thought families' financial difficulties had positive effects on mental health.92.3％(664/719) students from poor families were never afraid that people around knew they were in work-study program.87.5％(629/719) students from poor families were satisfied with their life.Facing psychological problems,there's no difference with dissatisfaction in daily life and recourses for help between students from poor families and non-poor students except psychological consultation center and lovers P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with non-poor students,the mental health of students from poor families in medical universities is good.The universities are supposed to pay more attention to the mental health of students who are neither poor nor non-poor and few students from poor families who are negatively impacted by their families' financial difficulties.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of transthyretin (TTR) from patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA). Methods 58 patients with ERA , 34 patients with later RA (LRA) and 34 healthy control (HC) were included in the research. TTR was analyzed by ELISA, whose variance was analyzed. TTR density, disease activity score28 (DAS28) score and rheumatoid factor (RF) were tested, and their correlation with TTR was analyzed. Results Serum level of TTR with ERA significantly increased compared with that with LRA and HC (P < 0.05), no statistical significance with LRA group and HC. TTR level was no correlation with the number of swelling and tender joints, disease activity score 28, RF, ESR, CRP, anti-cyclic citrylinated peptide antibody and anti-keratin antibodies, hemoglobin, thrombocyte and albumin. Conclusion Serum level of TTR significantly increased with ERA patients, contributing to early diagnosis for RA.

Objective To determine ecdysterone content in Radix Achyranthis Bidentalae by near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (NIRDRS) combined with partial least squares (PLS). Methods NIRDRS and PLS. Results The correlation coefficient of the quantitative mathematics model between the prediction and the true values was 0.948 9. It is feasible to appling the above established method to determination of chemical constituents in Chinese materia medica. Conclusion Compared with other methods, the method is simple, rapid, high efficient, low expenditure, no pollution and with preparation undone and is suit for large quantity of unknown samples.

Objective To assess effectiveness of ketogenic diet on improving polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients accompanying with overweight and obesity. Methods A total of 72 PCOS patients planned to recruit in our study from December 29, 2018 to June 2019 were selected, and were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The control group was given routine treatment and suggestions of life style, while the experimental group carried out ketogenic diet intervention alone for three months. All patients were followed up every day and rechecked monthly. The safety and effectiveness indexes of the two groups were observed. Results A total of fifty patients had been recruited until March 30, 2019, but one patient was lost in the follow-up. As a result, there were totally twenty-five patients in the experimental group with one patient lost in follow-up. In the remaining twenty-four patients, 75％ of these patients had recovered spontaneous menstruation in good condition. Ten patients who have been intervened over one month accepted the first re-examination. The results showed that the patient's weight, the body fat rate and the level of androgen detected in venous blood were all reduced after ketogenic diet after the intervention (P ＜ 0. 01), which revealed that the effect of ketogenic diet's intervention for PCOS was significant in the short term. Conclusion Ketogenic diet intervene in PCOS effectively restore spontaneous menstruation in patients for one month, the state of hyperandrogenism is significantly improved. Other hormones show improvement trends, but no significant difference compared with baseline. The mid-term and final reports of KIDs-001 are worthy of the wait.

Objective To assess effectiveness of ketogenic diet on improving polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients accompanying with overweight and obesity. Methods A total of 72 PCOS patients planned to recruit in our study from December 29, 2018 to June 2019 were selected, and were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The control group was given routine treatment and suggestions of life style, while the experimental group carried out ketogenic diet intervention alone for three months. All patients were followed up every day and rechecked monthly. The safety and effectiveness indexes of the two groups were observed. Results A total of fifty patients had been recruited until March 30, 2019, but one patient was lost in the follow-up. As a result, there were totally twenty-five patients in the experimental group with one patient lost in follow-up. In the remaining twenty-four patients, 75％ of these patients had recovered spontaneous menstruation in good condition. Ten patients who have been intervened over one month accepted the first re-examination. The results showed that the patient's weight, the body fat rate and the level of androgen detected in venous blood were all reduced after ketogenic diet after the intervention (P ＜ 0. 01), which revealed that the effect of ketogenic diet's intervention for PCOS was significant in the short term. Conclusion Ketogenic diet intervene in PCOS effectively restore spontaneous menstruation in patients for one month, the state of hyperandrogenism is significantly improved. Other hormones show improvement trends, but no significant difference compared with baseline. The mid-term and final reports of KIDs-001 are worthy of the wait.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of the compound drug Weng-Li-Tong(WLT)against cisplatin(CDDP)-induced hepatocyte injury.Methods A cellular injury model was established by treating murine hepatocyte line BNL CL.2 with CDDP(80 μmol/L).Experimental groups were divided as follows:CDDP group(modeling only),WLT group(intervention with 1 g/L WLT),WLT+CDDP group(co-administration of CDDP and 1 g/L WLT),and a control group(normal culture).The protective effect of the compound drug WLT on CDDP-mediated hepatocyte injury was evaluated using CCK-8 assay,PI staining,crystal violet staining,Western blotting,reactive oxygen species(ROS)detection,and apoptosis analysis.Results Compared with the control group,the number of dead cells increased significantly(P＜0.001)in the CDDP group,but no cytotoxicity was observed in the WLT group.The hepatocyte morphology in the WLT+CDDP group showed improvement with no obvious shrinkage compared to the CDDP group,as evidenced by the reduced proportion of PI-positive cells.Crystal violet staining results also indicated a higher cell count in the WLT+CDDP group than in the CDDP group,suggesting the protective effect of WLT against CDDP-mediated liver injury.Under CDDP intervention,the expression of the apoptosis-related protein Cleaved Caspase-3 increased.However,in the WLT+CDDP group,the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 decreased,while the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 increased.Additionally,compared to the CDDP group,the WLT+CDDP group showed a reduction in ROS production[DCFH-DA staining positive rate(％):56.20±1.65 vs.44.57±0.31]and a decrease in the proportion of apoptotic cells[proportion of early and late apoptotic cells(％):43.60±0.44 vs.19.57±0.78;33.30±1.02 vs.14.83±0.57].Conclusion The compound drug WLT exhibits a protective effect against CDDP-mediated hepatocyte injury,suggesting potential therapeutic value in acute liver injury models.