Background Orbital diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL) is a kind of malignant lymphoma with higher morbidity,but the systematic study is difficult for the fewer cases and the lack of orbital DLBCL cell line.Objective This study was to compare the differences or similarities of histopathological characteristics between orbital DLBCL and systemic DLBCL,and to discuss whether systemic DLBCL cell line is available to in vitro research of orbit DLBCL.Methods The histopathological specimens were collected from 3 orbital DLBCL patients and 15 systemic DLBCL patients in Tianjin Eye Hospital and Tianjin Tumor Hospital from 2004 to 2009.The prognosis of the patients was followed-up,and the survival curve was drew.The histopathological examination of the specimens was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining,and the expressions of CD20,CD79α,CD45RO,CD10,BCL-6,mum-1,Ki-67 and surviving in the specimens were detected by immunochemistry.The results mentioned above were analyzed and compared between orbital DLBCL and systemic DLBCL.Results The histopathological examination showed that the centroblastic type was the primary form in both orbital DLBCL and systemic DLBCL,according with the diagnosis of DLBCL.The differences in the positive expression rate of CD20,CD79α,CD45RO,Ki-67,survivin were not statistically significant between the two types of DLBCL (P =0.167,0.442,1.000,1.000,0.442).Immunochemistry revealed that 3 orbital DLBCL patients were germinal center B-cell-like (GCB),and 2 of the patients showed the positive expression for BCL-6 and mum-1 as well as absent expression for CD10,but the other patient presented the absent expression for BCL-6,mum-1 and CD10.In 15 systemic DLBCL patients,7 were GCB type,with the positive expression for CD10 in all the 7 patients and absent expression for BCL-6 in 6 patients.In addition,in 8 of non-GCB type,3 appeared to be absent expressed for CD10 and BCL-6,and 5 were positive expressed for BCL-6 and mum-1 and absent expressed for CD10.No significant difference was found in the survival duration between the orbital DLBCL and systemic DLBCL (P =0.067).Conclusions There exists no clinically significant difference in the pathological features,the expression of tumor cell markers and prognosis in both orbital and systemic DLBCL.These two DLBCLs appear to be similar in epidemiology and clinical staging,inferring that systemic DLBCL cell line is available in the in vitro study of orbital DLBCL.

Background Recently, the morbidity of orbital lymphoma increased gradually, and we have made deeper research in pathology,therapy and pathogenesis of the disease.There were few reports of mice model of orbital lymphoma up to now for its lower morbidity and culture difficulty.Objective This study was to establish a mouse model of orbital diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by injection of systemic DLBCL cell line pfeiffer.Methods Ten SPF BALB/c mice and 5 nod-SCID mice were radiated firstly using 137Cs,with the absorption dose 3.5 Gy in the BALB/c mice and 2.6 Gy in the nod-SCID mice,and then pfeiffer cells were intraobitally injected in 4eyes of BALB/c mice (orbital injection group) and suncutaneously injectied in 4 eyes of BALB/c mice and 4 eyes of nod-SCID mice (subcutaneous injection group) at the concentration of 1.5×l08/ml.The developing status of tumors were examined once per day and the growth curve was drawn.The tumors and nearby lymph nodes were obtained 54 days after injection for the preparation of 4 μm thickness of serial sections.Hemotoxylin-eosin staining was used to examine the histopathology of the tumors, and immunochemistry was employed to detect the expressions of CD20,CD79α and CD45RO proteins.The tumors were typed based on the expressions of CD10, BCL-6 and mum-1 in the specimens,and the expressions of Ki-67 and survivin were assyed to assess the prognosis of the tumor.All the results were compared with 3 diagnosed human orbital DLBCL sections.The use and care of the mice complied with Chinese Administration Rule of Laboratory Animal.Results The tumor formation rates were 100％ in both the orbital injection group and subcutaneous injection group, and the tumors grew much faster in nod-SCID mice than BALB/c mice.Infiltration of tumor cells in lymph nodes were found in the subcutaneous injection group rather than the orbital injection group.The pathological features were accordant among the orbital injection group, subcutaneous injection group and human orbital DLBCL sections.The number of ＜50％ and ≥50％ CD20+ specimens was 3 and 5,CD79αwas 2 and 6,CD45RO was 8 and 0 in the BALB/c mice;while that in the nod-SCID mice was 1 and 3 in CD20,0 and 4 in CD79α,4 and 0 in CD45RO;the number of human orbital DLBCL specimens was 1 and 2 in CD20,1 and 2 in CD79α,2 and 1 in CD45RO,without significant differences among them (all at P=1.00).No significant differences were seen in Ki-67+ number and survivin+ number among the BALB/c mice, nod-SCID mice and human orbital DLBCL specimens (all at P=1.00).The detection of CD10,BCL-6 and mum-1 expressions indicated that the tumors of BALB/c mice,nod-SCID mice and human orbital DLBCL specimens all were the non-germinal center B cell-like types.Conclusions The orbital and subcutaneous DLBCL mouse models are successfully established by injection of pfeiffer cell line.There are the same findings and features in biological behavior, pathology and immunohistochemistry in orbital,subcutaneous models with human orbitl DLBCL.Nod-SCID mice appear to be more suitable for the growth of lymphoma cells.

Objective To investigate the effects of staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) DNA on anti-tumor in vivo and its mechanism. Methods The chromatic DNA purified from S.aureus was used in the experiments of antitumor in vivo, and immunological indices were measured. Results S.aureus DNA could inhibit the tumor growth by peritoneal injection, increase the serum IFN-? level and regulate the serum TNF-? level in the nude mice carrying transplant tumor. Conclusion S aureus DNA has a characteristic of anti-tumor immunity, and can be used in immunotherapeutic treatment of tumors.

Sino 0.5 or 2 mg/kg iv reduced significantly heart rate ( HR), systolic blood pressure ( SBP ), diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ), left ventricular systolic pressure ( LVSP) , dP/dtmax, cardiac index ( CI ) and total peripheral resistance ( TPR ) . VCE- + dP/dtmax was unchanged. T value did't change in 0 .5mg/kg, but it elevated in 2 mg/kg.

Microbiome dysbiosis is strongly associated with alcoholic liver disease(ALD).Recent studies on comprehensive analyses of microbiome compositional and functional changes have begun to uncover the mechanistic relation between microbiome and the pathogenesis of ALD.Importantly,targeting the microbiome has become a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of ALD.In this review,we summarize the clinical evidence of microbiome dysbiosis in ALD patients,and experimental advances in microbiome and metabolomic functional changes in animals with different species and genetic back-grounds in ALD.We also summarize the studies in humanized intestinal microbiome and fecal micro-biota transplantation in mice.We introduce new developments in the studies on the role of the circulating bacterial microbiome,oral bacterial microbiome and fungal microbiome in the development of ALD.We highlight the potential mechanisms by which microbiome dysbiosis contributes to ALD,including short chain fatty acid changes,bile acid metabolism,intestinal barrier function,release of bacterial and fungal products,and inflammation.In addition,we summarize the recent developments targeting the microbiome in prevention and treatment of ALD,including dietary nutrient interference,herbal medicine,antibiotics,anti-fungal agents,probiotics,engineered bacterial therapy,fecal trans-plantation and oral hygiene.Although recent preclinical studies have advanced our understanding of the microbiome and ALD,clinical studies,especially prospective studies with large samples,are needed to better understand the cause-effect of microbiome dysbiosis in ALD.Identifying new precision-based strategies targeting the microbiome are expected to be developed as more effective therapies in ALD.

Objective:To determine the dosage,method and effectiveness of using magnesium sulfate for treating the intractable epilepsy.Methods:72 cases were allocated to treatment group and 36 to control group. For those in the treatment group,either 10 mL of 25% MgSO4 was administered by intravenous drip or 10 mL of 16.5% MgSO4 by oral intake once per day,in addition to the use of the commonly used antiepilepsy drugs. For those in the control group,the commonly used antiepilepsy drugs such as tegretol,sodium phenytoin,luminal or γ-Aminobutyric Acid were employed.Results:The improvement rate in the treatment group was 87.50%,higher than that (44.44%) in the control group (P＜0.01).Conclusion:Using magnesium sulfate in conjunction with the antiepilepsy drugs is a simple yet effective regime for the treatment of the intractable epilepsy.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic factors affecting the formation of lymphovascular invasion (LⅥ) in patients with gastric cancer.Methods The retrospective case-control study was conduted.The clinicopathologic data of 1 260 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2014 and December 2015 were collected.All the surgical specimens of patients were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain and diagnosed by pathological experts.Stages of patients were evaluated by the seventh TNM staging system for gastric cancer of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC).Observation indicators:(1) pathologica features:histological differentiation,invasive depth,lymph node metastasis and TNM staging;(2) follow-up situations;(3) influenced factors of the positive LⅥ:sex,age,histological differentiation,invasive depth,number of lymph node metastasis and TNM staging affecting positive LⅥ were analyzed.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview were performed to detect survival of patients up to June 2016.Univariate analysis was done using the chi-square test,and multivariate analysis was done using the trend chi-square test,and binary Logistic regression model.Results (1) Pathological features:1 260 patients with gastric cancer were diagnosed by postoperative pathological examinations,including 355 with positive LⅥ and 905 with negative LⅥ.Histological differentiation:high-differentiated tumor was detected in 13 patients,moderate-differentiated tumor in 232 patients and low-differentiated tumor in 775 patients.There were 95 patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma and 145 with signet-ring cell carcinoma.Invasive depth:tumor invasion into mucosal layer or submucosal layer (T1 stage) was detected in 242 patients,muscular layer (T2 stage) in 160 patients,gastric wall layer and no invasion into serosal layer (T3 stage) in 37 patients and subserosal layer (T4 stage) in 821 patients.Lymph node metastasis:no regional lymph node metastasis (N0 stage) was detected in 461 patients,1-2 lymph nodes metastases (N1 stage)in 164 patients,3-6 lymph nodes metastases (N2 stage) in 245 patients and more than 7 lymph nodes metastases (N3 stage) in 390 patients.TNM staging:there were respectively 191 patients in Ⅰ A stage,114 in Ⅰ B stage,62 in ⅡA stage,202 in ⅡB stage,132 in ⅢA stage,80 in ⅢB stage,476 in ⅢC stage and 3 in Ⅳ stage.(2)Follow-up situations:1 142 patients (320 with positive LⅥ and 822 with negative LⅥ) were followed up for 4.0-24.0 months,with a meidan time of 11.0 months and a follow-up rate of 90.635％ (1 142/1 260).During the follow-up,154 patients died,including 41 with positive LⅥ and 113 with negative LⅥ.(3) Influenced factors of the positive LⅥ:① results of univariate analysis showed that histological differentiation,invasive depth,number of lymph node metastasis and TNM staging were factors affecting positive LⅥ of patients with gastric cancer (X2=16.930,29.190,64.463,46.539,P＜0.05).② Results of the trend chi-square test showed that histological differentiation,invasive depth,number of lymph node metastasis and TNM staging were factors affecting positive LⅥ of patients with gastric cancer,with a linear correlation (X2 =54.883,69.130,164.618,119.594,r=0.211,0.243,0.365,0.316,P＜0.05).There was a greater correlation between number of lymph node metastasis and formation of lymphovascular invasion.③ Results of the binary Logistic regression model showed that moderate-and low-differentiated tumor and N1-N3 stage of lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors affecting positive LⅥ of patients with gastric cancer (OR=2.572,1.782,95％ confidence interval:0.495-1.494,0.386-0.781,P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with lower tumor differentiation and / or greater number of lymph node metastasis may have a higher risk of forming LⅥ.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from chickens are important cel models for embryonic developmental biology, immunology and oncology research. However, it is difficult to keep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s with good undifferentiated potential in a large-scale expansion system.
OBJECTIVE:To establish a culture system in vitro with laminin coating to expand bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from chickens.
METHODS:Isolated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from chickens were seeded in laminin-coated plates and traditional two-dimensional plates, respectively. After expansion in vitro, the morphological characteristics, expression of surface markers, expansion characteristics and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in both conditions were analyzed and compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no statistical differences in the morphological characteristics and expression of surface markers of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s expanded by laminin-coated plates and traditional two-dimensional plates. But, the expansion characteristics and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s cultured in laminin-coated plates were better than those in traditional two-dimensional plates. Laminin culture system could quickly amplify out of a large number of chicken bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s with better proliferation ability and undifferentiated performance. Al above results indicated that a more efficient expansion system with laminin coating is established.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the expression of COX-2 and its relation to clinical pathophysiological features and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSThe expression of COX-2 protein was detected in 52 NSCLC tissues by immunohistochemical (S-P) method.

RESULTSThe positive COX-2 expression was observed in 25 (48.1%) cases of NSCLC tissues. The positive rate of COX-2 expression was 76.5% and 34.3% in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma respectively (P < 0.01). The positive rate of COX-2 expression in T3+T4 disease (92.3%) was remarkably higher than that in stage T1+T2 (33.3%) (P < 0.01). There was a remarkable difference in COX-2 expression rate between clinical stage I+II (28.1%) and clinical stage III+IV (80.0%) groups (P < 0.01). The positive rate of COX-2 expression was 83.3% in those with lymph node metastasis, but only 17.9% in those without lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). In addition, there were significant differences in positive rate of COX-2 expression among patients with ≤2, > 2 but < 5, ≥5 years of survival span respectively (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSOverexpression of COX-2 in NSCLC, especially in adenocarcinoma, is closely related to invasion, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage of lung cancer. It may play a role in development of NSCLC, and also may be a prognostic marker.

Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy of totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) versus direct TLDG for early gastric cancer.Methods:The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 623 patients with early gastric cancer who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from March 2014 to December 2019 were collected. There were 405 males and 218 females, aged from 26 to 86 years, with a median age of 62 years. Of 623 patients, 25 cases undergoing TLDG after ESD were divided into ESD+TLDG group and 598 cases undergoing TLDG directly were divided into TLDG group. Observation indicators: (1) the propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after propensity score matching; (2) intraoperative and postoperative situations of TLDG; (3) stratification analysis of the ESD+TLDG group. The propensity score matching was conducted by 1∶2 matching using the nearest neighbor method. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and comparison between groups was done using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range) and comparison between groups was done using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were represented as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results:(1) The propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after propensity score matching: 75 of 623 patients had successful matching, including 25 in the ESD+TLDG group and 50 in the TLDG group. Before propensity score matching, the body mass index (BMI), cases with tumor diameter ≤20 mm, 21 to 30 mm or>30 mm, cases with tumor classified as stage Ⅰ, stage Ⅱ or stage Ⅲ of clinical staging were (22.3±3.6)kg/m 2, 16, 6, 3, 24, 1, 0 of the ESD+TLDG group, respectively, versus (24.3±2.7)kg/m 2, 238, 125, 235, 312, 126, 160 of the TLDG group, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( t=2.744, Z=?2.834, ?4.209, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the BMI, cases with tumor diameter ≤20 mm, 21 to 30 mm or >30 mm, cases with tumor classified as stage Ⅰ or stage Ⅱ of clinical staging were (22.3±3.6)kg/m 2, 16, 6, 3, 24, 1 of the ESD+TLDG group, versus (23.6±2.9)kg/m 2, 29, 12, 9, 48, 2 of the TLDG group, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( t=1.542, Z=?0.597, 0.000, P>0.05). (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations of TLDG: after propensity score matching, the operation time and time to postoperative drainage tube removal were 180 minutes(range, 124 to 289 minutes) and 6 days(range, 4 to 13 days) of the ESD+TLDG group,respectively,versus 170 minutes(range, 106 to 250 minutes) and 6 days (range, 4 to 9 days) of the TLDG group, showing significant differences between the two groups ( Z=-2.396, -3.039, P<0.05). Cases with the volume of intraoperative blood loss <50 mL, 50 to 100 mL or >100 mL, the number of lymph node dissected, duration of postoperative hospital stay, cases with perioperative complications as incision fat liquefaction, delayed gastric emptying, anastomotic bleeding or pulmonary infection were 7, 9, 9,34(range, 16 to 58), 8 days(range, 6 to 31 days), 1, 1, 0, 0 of the ESD+TLDG group,respectively,versus 18, 26, 6, 39 (range, 22 to 68), 8 days (range, 6 to 29 days), 0, 0, 1, 1 of the TLDG group, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( Z=-1.703, -1.958, -1.139, χ2=0.033, P>0.05). Cases with anastomotic bleeding were recovered after hemostasis under endoscopy and cases with other perioperative complications were recovered after conservative treatment. (3) Stratification analysis of the ESD+TLDG group. ① For 5 cases undergoing TLDG ≤14 days after ESD and 20 cases undergoing TLDG >14 days after ESD, the operation time of TLDG, cases with the volume of intraoperative blood loss <50 mL, 50 to 100 mL or >100 mL during TLDG, the number of lymph node dissected, time to postoperative drainage tube removal, duration of postoperative hospital stay, cases with perioperative complications were 200 minutes(range, 170 to 289 minutes), 0, 3, 2, 36(range, 9 to 57), 7 days(range, 5 to 9 days), 8 days(range, 7 to 9 days), 1 and 180 minutes (range, 124 to 253 minutes), 8, 6, 6, 34(range, 8 to 78), 6 days(range, 4 to 13 days), 8 days(range, 6 to 31 days), 1, respectively, showing no significant difference in the operation time of TLDG, volume of intraoperative blood loss during TLDG, the number of lymph node dissected, time to postoperative tube removal and duration of postoperative hospital stay between the two groups ( Z=?1.536, ?1.993, ?0.238, ?0.932, ?0.589, P>0.05), and no significant difference in cases with perioperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). ② For 13 cases undergoing TLDG ≤21 days after ESD and cases undergoing TLDG >21 days after ESD, the operation time of TLDG, cases with the volume of intraoperative blood loss as <50 mL, 50 to 100 mL or >100 mL during TLDG, the number of lymph node dissected, time to postoperative drainage tube removal, duration of postoperative hospital stay, cases with perioperative complications were 200 minutes(range, 145 to 289 minutes), 2, 6, 5, 34(range, 8 to 57), 6 days(range, 4 to 11 days), 8 days(range, 6 to 11 days), 1 and 179 minutes(range, 124 to 240 minutes), 6, 3, 3, 34(range, 16 to 78), 6 days(range, 5 to 13 days), 8 days(range, 6 to 31 days), 1, respectively, showing a significant difference in the operation time of TLDG between the two groups ( Z=?2.241, P<0.05), while showing no significant difference in the volume of intraoperative blood loss during TLDG, the number of lymph node dissected, time to postoperative drainage tube removal, duration of postoperative hospital stay between the two groups ( Z=?1.471, ?0.163, ?0.084, ?0.194, P>0.05) and no significant difference in cases with perioperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). ③ For 15 cases undergoing TLDG ≤28 days after ESD and 10 cases undergoing TLDG >28 days after ESD, the operation time of TLDG, cases with the volume of intraoperative blood loss <50 mL, 50 to 100 mL or >100 mL during TLDG, the number of lymph node dissected, time to postoperative drainage tube removal, duration of postoperative hospital stay, cases with perioperative complications were 190 minutes (range, 145 to 289 minutes), 2, 7, 6, 33(range, 8 to 57), 6 days(range, 4 to 11 days), 8 days(range, 6 to 31 days), 1 and 179 minutes(range, 124 to 240 minutes), 6, 2, 2, 37(range, 16 to 78), 6 days (range, 5 to 13 days), 8 days(range, 6 to 14 days), 1, respectively, showing no significant difference in the operation time of TLDG, volume of intraoperative blood loss during TLDG, the number of lymph node dissected, time to postoperative tube removal and duration of postoperative hospital stay between the two groups ( Z=?1.619, ?2.000, ?0.667, ?0.370, ?0.057, P>0.05), and no significant difference in cases with perioperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with cases undergoing TLDG directly, the operation time to TLDG and time to drainage tube removal after TLDG for cases undergoing ESD+TLDG are prolonged, but there is no difference in the short-term efficacy. For cases undergoing TLDG ≤21 days after ESD and cases undergoing TLDG >21 days after ESD, there is a significant difference in the operation time of TLDG.