Objective:Characteristics of the retroperitoneal tumor blood supply arteries were analyzed to evaluate the safety and effec-tiveness of preoperative interventional embolization for benign and malignant retroperitoneal tumors. Methods:A total of 241 cases were divided into benign retroperitoneal tumor group and malignant retroperitoneal tumor group. Each group was divided into groups A, B, and C according to the long diameter of the tumor tissue. Group A>10.0 cm, 5.0 cm0.05). Significant differences in intraoperative bleeding and intraoperative blood transfusion were found between groups A and B (P<0.05). Main arteries of the abdominal retroperitoneal tumor are the lumbar, internal iliac, and adrenal arteries. The main artery of pelvic retroperitoneal tumor is the internal iliac artery. Conclusion:Preoperative interventional embolization can effec-tively reduce the risk of bleeding during malignant retroperitoneal tumor surgery and improve the perioperative safety of patients. No significant benefit of benign retroperitoneal tumors and no increased risk of bleeding during surgery were observed. Retroperitoneal tumor preoperative embolization should focus on investigating the lumbar, internal iliac, and adrenal arteries.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of hypothermic perfusion via renal artery balloon catheter before laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Methods A total of 35 patients,who were arranged to receive laparoscopic partial nephrectomy during the period from March 2013 to December 2016 at the General Hospital of PLA,China,were enrolled in this study.The tumor was located in the left kidney in 22 patients and in the right kidney in 13 patients.The long diameter of the tumors was 2.3-7.0 cm,with a mean of (4.1±1.2) cm.Before laparoscopic partial nephrectomy,the implantation of renal artery balloon catheter was performed in all patients.The intraoperative renal cold-ischemia time,the time spent for operation and the amount of intraoperative blood loss were recorded.The creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were determined before operation as well as at one,3 and 7 days after operation.The intraoperative and postoperative complications were analyzed.Results Successful implantation of renal artery balloon catheter was accomplished in all 35 patients,with the technical success rate being 100％.Slipping of balloon catheter before laparoscopic partial nephrectomy occurred in one patient;in 2 patients incomplete occlusion of renal artery was found during operation and artery forceps had to be used to occlude the renal artery.In the other 32 patients,laparoscopic partial nephrectomy under the condition of hypothermic perfusion via renal artery balloon catheter was successfully carried out.No severe complications occurred during and after the operation.The average cold-ischemia time of the diseased kidney was 45 (20-125) min,the mean time for interventional procedure was 28 (20-40) min,the average surgery time was 147(95-235) min,the average amount of intraoperative blood loss was 180(50-1000) ml.The Ccr values determined before and at one,3,7 days after nephrectomy were (96.5±15.1),(75.2±10.5),(54.3±13.8) and (91.8±14.1) ml/min respectively.The eGFR values determined before and at one,3,7 days after nephrectomy were (99.5±15.3),(70.3±12.5),(65.5±11.7) and (96.8±12.3) ml·min-1·m-2 respectively.Statistical analysis indicated that in both groups the preoperative and 7-day postoperative Ccr values and eGFR values were significantly different from their one-day and 3-day postoperative values (P＜0.01),but no statistically significant differences existed between preoperative values and 7-day postoperative ones (P＞0.05).Conclusion Hypothermic perfusion via renal artery balloon catheter before laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is clinically safe and feasible,it can prolong the safe time of renal ischemia and protect renal function.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition in preoperative bowel preparation for colorectal cancer.Methods We searched in multiple databases (i.e.CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,PubMed,Coehrane Library,and Web of Science) for studies up to March 2017 that compared the efficacy and safety of enteral nutrition vs.mechanical bowel preparation before surgical treatment of colorectal cancer.Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 to compare the two approaches in terms of postoperative lymphocyte count,complications,anal exhaust time,intestinal cleaning rate,and levels of prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,and transferrin.Results A total of 12 randomized controlled trials involving 617 patients were included in this study,where 308 patients received enteral nutrition and 309 had mechanical bowel preparation.The results showed that enteral nutrition was comparable to mechanical bowel preparation in bowel cleaning rate (OR =1.54,95％ CI=0.98-2.41,P=0.06) and anal exhaust time (WMD =-8.14,95％ CI=-18.25-2.07,P=0.12),and it could lead to higher levels of lymphocytes (WMD=0.19,95％ CI=0.06-0.32,P＜0.01),prealbumin (WMD=20.16,95％ CI=15.77-20.54,P＜0.01),albumin (WMD =2.60,95％ CI=1.69-3.51,P＜0.01),hemoglobin (WMD=7.18,95％ CI=3.61-10.75,P＜0.01),and transferrin (WMD=0.29,95％ CI=0.12-0.47,P＜0.01),and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications (OR=0.18,95％ CI=0.11-0.28,P＜0.01).Conclusions Current evidence showed that using enteral nutrition for bowel preparation before surgical treatment of colorectal cancer could improve postoperative profiles of lymphocyte count,prealbumin,albumin,hemoglobin,and transferrin,and reduce complications.This approach should be adopted in the clinic.

Objective To investigate the blood supply of the expanded skin flap from medial up-per arm and its application in the reparation of cervical scar contracture due to sear resection. Methods The operation was carried out for three steps: (1) The expander was implanted under the superficial fascia. (2) The skin flap from medial upper arm was created with superior ulnar collateral artery as blood supply and attributive branches of basilica and axillary veins as blood collection. (3) After thes car contracture was released, the defect was covered with medial upper arm flap with maximal area of 25 cm×15 cm. Results Ten patients in all with cervical scar contracture were treated with the skin flap. All the skin flaps survived at last with nearly normal skin color, texture and contour. And the scar in donor sites seemed to be neglectable. Conclusions Reparation of cervical scar contracture with medial upper arm skin flap after expanding could be recommended. But 3 months long time and fixation of upper limb and head might be disadvantages.

For the treatment of liver tumors,interventional therapy is becoming more and more important.The development of interventional therapy relies on the development and application of new materials,new equipment and new drugs,and the preclinical animal testing of these applications is an important part of assessing the safety and effectiveness of interventional procedures.The animal HCC model plays an important leading role in exploring the new approach of interventional therapy.However,the animal HCC models which are suitable for experimental researches are limited,at present,the animal HCC models are mainly confined to rats and rabbits.Due to the limitation of animal body shape,routine interventional instruments and equipment are not suitable to perform interventional procedures for some small animals.Nowadays,there is still a shortage of devices for interventional hepatic artery surgery in mice,and interventional instruments for rats are also limited.This paper aims to make a summary about the types of HCC model in rats and rabbits which are often used in the experimental researches,the modeling methods,the interventional procedures,the anesthesia and imaging examinations,etc.

Large hepatocellular carcinoma,of which diameter is considered to be ≥ 5 cm,has mostly invaded vascular system or been liver function reserve loss when found,resulting in opportunities to surgical therapy are lost.Combined interventional therapy based on transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has become one of the main treatments for the surgically unresectable large hepatocellular carcinoma.In particular,TACE combined local ablation has gradually replaced the interventional therapy model of TACE alone.The current combination therapy is mainly sequential combination.With the development of imaging equipment,real-time synchronization is becoming increasingly important and has become one of the current research hotspots.This article focuses on the research status and perspectives of image guidance,local ablation methods,the order of the joint,the number of times and the timing of the joint situation of TACE combined local ablation in treatment of large hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of Dyna computer tomography (Dyna CT) guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) followed immediately by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of large solitary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC),and to provide the basis for the rational use of Dyna CT.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 23 patients with a large solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (tumor diameter ≥5 cm) who were admitted to Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2014 to October 2015 and treated with Dyna CT guided RFA followed immediately by TACE.After treatment,the success rate of the combined technique,the treatment time,the radiation dose received by the patient,the complication and the efficacy of the combined therapy were evaluated.Results The success rate of the combined technique was 100％.The treatment time was (45.3 ± 4.8) min.The radiation exposure dose was (730.5 ± 78.8) mGy.There was no serious complication after treatment.The complete remission rate of the targeted lesion was 91.3 ％ (21/23),the partial remission rate was 8.7 ％ (2/23).On follow-up,5 patients had died.The 6,12,18 month survival rates were 100％,81.5％ and 48.0％,respectively.Conclusions Dyna CT guided RFA for a large solitary HCC was efficacious and safe.The immediate combination of TACE with RFA provided a new alternative strategy for the treatment of a large solita-ry HCC.Dyna CT has important clinical values.

The development of hepatocellular carcinoma is insidious and rapid.Most patients can not undergo surgery after diagnosis.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is considered to be the best modality for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.However,there are some bottlenecks in TACE,such as low targeting of chemotherapy drugs and incomplete treatment.How to improve the curative effect of TACE has become a key issue in the interventional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.In recent years,the study of nano-drug delivery systems has been expected to solve these problems,and has become a hot spot in the field of targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.In this paper,the current research status of nano-drug delivery systems and its application in the interventional-targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma are reviewed.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of ultraselective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originating from the caudate lobe. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 13 patients with solitary HCC originating from the caudate lobe who were admitted to Department of Interventional Radiology in PLA General Hospital from March 2013 to December 2016. A 2.6-F microcatheter was used to perform ultraselective TACE, and the embolization material was ultra-liquefied iodinated oil. The number of tumor-feeding arteries, success rate and short-term efficacy of ultraselective technique, and long-term survival were evaluated after surgery. Results: Of all patients, 8 (61.5%) had a single tumor-feeding artery and 5 (38.5%) had multiple tumor-feeding arteries. The success rate of ultraselective technique was 84.6% (11/13). The complete remission rate at 1 month after ultraselective TACE was 63.6% (7/11). During the follow-up period after the expiration date, 10 out of 11 patients who underwent successful ultraselective TACE survived, and one out of two patients who underwent failed ultraselective TACE survived. Conclusion Ultraselective TACE has good feasibility, clinical effect, and safety in the treatment of HCC originating from the caudate lobe, with an important clinical significance in the prognosis of such disease.

Purpose: miR-205 is a tumor suppressor and plays an important role in tumor invasiveness. However, the role of miR-205 in human gastric cancer (GC) epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-205 in the regulation of EMT in GC invasion. Materials and Methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-205 in GC. Further, the correlation between the pathological parameters and prognosis of GC was statistically analyzed. A transwell model was used to evaluate the effect of miR-205-3p on the invasion and migration of GC cells. qPCR, western blotting, and luciferase assay were performed to analyze the relationship and target effects between miR-205-3p and the expression of zinc finger electron box binding homologous box 1 (ZEB1) and 2 (ZEB2). Results: We found that the levels of miR-205-3p were significantly lower (P<0.05) in GC tissues than in matched normal tissues. Additionally, the expression of miR-205-3p was related to the tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, lymph node invasion, and tumor, node, metastasis stage. Patients with lower miR-205-3p expression levels in the tumors had a poorer prognosis. The in vitro assays indicated that miR-205-3p could affect the invasion ability and EMT of GC cells by targeting the expression of both ZEB1 and ZEB2. Conclusions miR-205-3p promotes GC progression and affects the prognosis of patients by targeting both ZEB1 and ZEB2 to directly influence EMT.