A new artificial somatic-autonomic neuroanastomosis has been established in male rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). Anorectal manometry and neural retrograde tracing were conducted in this animal model to analyze the mechanisms and the effects on recovery of anorectal function. The left L4 ventral root (L4VR) was intradurally micro-anastomosed to the L6 ventral root (L6VR) to establish the new regenerated neural pathway. Three months later the spinal cord was completely transected at the T9-10 level. Eight weeks later the model rats were randomly divided into two groups. The rats in the group 1 (n=8) were applied for anorectal manometry, and those in the group 2 (n=4) were used for neural retrograde tracing study with fluorogold (FG) and dextran tetramethylrhodamine (TMR). The results of anorectal manometry showed the new reflex pathway could induce rectum to contract and simultaneously electric activity of external anal sphincter (EAS) to become weak or disappearing (indicating synergetic relaxation of EAS). FG and TMR dual labeled neurons with round and elliptical shape were mainly observed in L4 angulus anterior of model rats. The regenerated neural pathways were effective to improve the rectum external sphincter synergetic status and restore the anorectal function.

A new artificial somatic-autonomic neuroanastomosis has been established in male rats with spinal cord injury(SCI).Anorectal manometry and neural retrograde tracing were conducted in this animal model to analyze the mechanisms and the effects on recovery of anorectal function.The left L4 ventral root(L4VR)was intradurally micro-anastomosed to the L6 ventral root(L6VR)to establishthe new regenerated neural pathway.Three months later the spinal cord was completely transected at the T9-10 level.Eight weeks later the model rats were randomly divided into two groups.The rats in the group 1(n=8)were applied for anorectal manometry,and those in the group 2(n=4)were used for neural retrograde tracing study with fluorogold(FG)and dextran tetramethylrhodamine(TMR).The results of anorectal manometry showed the new reflex pathway could induce rectum to contract and simultaneously electric activity of external anal sphincter(EAS)to become weak or disappearing (indicating synergetic relaxation of EAS).FG and TMR dual labeled neurons with round and elliptical shape were mainly observed in L4 angulus anterior of model rats.The regenerated neural pathways were effective to improve the rectum external sphincter synergetie status and restore the anorectal function.

Objective To explore potential genes associated with the pathogenesis of hypospadias using weighted Gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA).Methods The WGCNA algorithm was used to process the hypospadias-related dataset GSE35034,and then a gene co-expression weight network was constructed to screen the modules with the highest correlation with hypospadias,and the genes in the modules were enriched and detected by gene ontology(GO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG).Differential analysis was also performed to screen out differential genes.The differential genes were imported into the String database.Using Cytoscape software,the hub genes in the network were identified.The results screened by the above three methods were combined and analyzed,and the core genes in the intersection set were screened.Using the external dataset GSE121712,the core genes were verified by mRNA expression changes and subject work characterization receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve diagnosis.Results Fifteen co-expression modules were obtained based on the WGCNA method.Ninety-three common differential genes meeting the conditions were obtained by differential analysis.Ten core genes were finally obtained by Cytoscape software analysis.Finally MEbrown module,differential genes and the 10 core genes yielded a total of 2 intersecting genes:FBXL16 and SYNDIG1.ROC curves verified that the intersecting genes were differentially expressed in patients with hypospadias versus normal subjects.Conclusion In this study,two key genes with significant correlation with hypospadias were obtained by WGCNA,which may be used for the early diagnosis and treatment of hypospadias after further study.