Objective To explore the microsurgical skills and clinical value of transorbitozygomatic approach for cavernous sinus tumors. Methods A retrospective research was given to 19 patients with cavernous sinus tumors microsurgically treated by transorbitozygomatic approach.Their tumors pathological types,clinic symptoms,characteristic images,surgical approach,surgical skills and postoperative complications were systemically analyzed. Results Total removal of the tumor was achieved in 17 cases and subtotal removal in 2 cases.38 percent of cranial nerves deficit was improved,43 percent of cranial nerves symptoms did not change,and 19 percent of cranial nerves palsies worsened.New cranial nerves symptoms occurred in 5 cases.No other severe complications or death occurred in all cases. Conclusion Transorbitozygomatic approach can preferably expose and totally resect cavernous sinus tumors.Knowing macro-micro anatomy of this approach,understanding the pathological-anatomic relationships betweem tumor and cavernous sinus,having practiced microsurgical skills are the linchpins to resect the tumor totally and protect cranial nerves effectivctively.

This paper presents a new revised "Checklist of the Anopheline Mosquitoes in China" based on the development of the mosquito-taxonomic researches during the years of 1988-2007. The new checklist contained 61 species (subspecies) of anopheline mosquitoes all in China. Twelve species among the past records were omitted because of their invalid specific names which were allocated into following categories: ① A doubtful record in China, with no typical specimen up to date since last century, e.g. Anopheles campestris reported in Yunnan; ② Misidentification: An. atroparvus and An. indiensis; ③ Confirmed as synonyms by hybridizing experiments or molecular identification, including 9 species as follows: An. changfus, An. dazhaius, An. kiangsuensis, An. anthropophagus, An. kunmingensis, An. xiaokuanus, An. junlianensis, An. yutsushiroensis (part) and An. fluviatilis. Meanwhile, the following rectified 4 anopheline mosquito species should be added to the new checklist: An. belenrae, An. lesteri, An. pullus, and An. baimaii.

This paper reports the rectification results of the tribe aedini mosquitoes formerly recorded in China, using the classification system proposed by Reinert during the recent years. Among all the 171 species of Chinese aedini mosquitoes examined, 160 species could be included in the new classification system. The other 11 species were listed in traditional taxonomic status for further study. The proposed new classification system of the Chinese aedini mosquitoes contained 29 genera, i.e. Aedes, Armigeres, Ayurakitia, Bothaella*, Bruceharrisonius*, Christophersiomyia*, Collessius*, Danielsia*, Downsiomyia*, Edwardsaedes*, Finlaya*, Fredwardsius*, Gilesius*, Heizmannia, Himalaius*, Hopkinsius*, Hulecoeteomyia*, Jihlienius*, Kenknightia*, Luius*, Mucidus*, Neomelaniconion*, Ochlerotatus, Phagomyia*, Scutomyia*, Stegomyia*, Tanakaius*, Udaya, and Verrallina. Among them, 22 genera (*) were new records in China. Besides, the authors made a significant revision to the following 4 species recorded formerly in 《Fauna Sinica, Insecta Vol. 8, Diptera: Culicidae》: Ae. (Edw.) antuensis as the synonym of Ed. pingpaensis, while Ae. (Sin.) occidentayunnanus, Ae. (Och.) flavidorsalis, and Ae. (Fin.) subsimilis should be rectified as Hz. (Mat.) occidentayunnana, Oc. albineus, and Ud. subsimilis, respectively.

Objective To explore clinical curative effect of microsurgery of petroclival tumors by transpetrosal presigmoid approach. Methods A series of 23 patients of petroclival tumors resected by microneurosurgery were analyzed retrospectively, including tumors histological types, clinical and preoperative MRI features, operative approaches, surgical technique and common postoperative complications. Results Total resection of the tumor was achieved microsurgically in 16 cases, subtotal resection in 4 cases, partial resection in 3 cases. No patient died in this series. 8 patients presented worsening crainal nerves palsies postoperatively. CSF leaks were uncommon, occuring in 2 patients. Conclusion The tumors in petroclival region can be totally resected by transpetrosal presigmoid approach. The advantages were offered by this approach such as the temporal lobes and cerebellum are minimally retracted; the operative distance of petroclival tumors is shortened with exposure of clivus and juxta-clival region.

BACKGROUND: A stable and exact animal model is the necessary tool and basis for studying hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases.OBJECTIVE: To establish and evaluate the intracerebral capsular hemorrhage models in rats.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Second Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College; First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the animal experimental center of Nanjing Medical University during May to November 2002.Totally 35 SD rats were randomized into two groups: experimental group (n=30) and sham-operation group (n=5).METHODS: ① Autoblood was injected into the intracerebral capsule of rats to create intracerebral capsule hemorrhage models with stereotaxy in the experiment group. ②Scoring was conducted according to 5-point neurological scoring criteria from ZeaLonga, somatic sensation and motor function of rats were observed. ③Somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) of rats was detected pre- and post-operation under anesthetic state. ④ After determination of SEP, the rats were sacrificed under anesthetic state. Brains were taken out to made slices, then sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Changes in haematoma and histomorphology were observed at the largest focus under optical microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Nerve function scoring; ②Latent period of various waves of SEP; ③ Observation of brain tissue morphology.RESULTS: Totally 35 rats entered the stage of result analysis. ①Appearance of obvious paralysis of the rats suggested the modeling was successful. The successful rate of this experiment was 93.3%(28/30). Significant difference existed in neurological scoring between experimental group [(2.74±0.46)points] and sham-operation group (0 point)(P＜0.05). ②SEP showed that the latent periods of various waves of experimental group after operation were significantly delayed than those before operation and those of sham-operation group [P1: (15.72±0.78) ms, (10.69±0.52) ms, (10.73±0.48) ms;Nl: (17.95±1.27) ms,(13.21±1.31) ms, (13.34±1.27) ms;N2:(21.16±1.62) ms, (15.42±1.46) ms,(15.58±1.44) ms;N3:(24.86±1.58) ms, (18.72±1.76) ms, (18.99±1.67) ms,P＜0.05]. ③In the shamoperation group, a few red blood cells were scattered in the peripheral area of needle channel were found, but hemorrhagic focus was not; In the experimental group, irregular or oval blood clots presented in the left internal capsule area. In about a low-fold visual field, brain tissue in the surrounding of hemorrhagic focus was loosened and swelled, and pathological changes were obviously severer than those in the sham-operation group.CONCLUSION: Intracerebral capsular hemorrhage induced by injection of autoblood with stereotaxy is more close to clinical situation, and it is easy to operate and has good reproducibility.

Objective To study the skills of facial nerve preservation in acoustic neuroma microsurgery. Methods Seventy four cases of acoustic neuromas treated microsurgically by suboccipital retrosigmoid transmeatus approach were analyzed retrospectively, including their clinical symptoms and characteristic image, the pathological anatomic relationships of facial nerve and tumor, microsurgical technique. Results Total resection of the tumor was achieved microsurgically in 72 cases, subtotal resection in 2 cases. Facial nerve was kept anatomic intact in 67(90.5%) of the patients. Intracranial end to end anastomosis of the facial nerve was performed in 4 cases. No patient died in this series. Conclusions Microneurosurgical technique is a safe and effective method for total resection of acoustic neuroma. It is key point for keeping facial nerve anatomic intact to understand the pathological anatomic relationships of facial nerve and tumor.

AIM: To explore whether AT2 receptor is expressed in skeletal muscular vasculature, and the expression of angiotensin Ⅱ receptors in pulmonary circulation of children with left-to-right shunt but without obstructive pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: Lung and skeletal muscular tissue were obtained from 20 children with left-to-right shunt by biopsy during operation. These skeletal muscular tissues were detected by reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR ) and immunohistochemistry techniques for AT2 receptors. mRNA of AT1 and AT2 receptors in lung tissues were detected by RT-PCR and analyzed semi-quantitatively. RESULTS: In all of the skeletal muscular tissues, mRNA of AT2 receptor was found by RT-PCR, and the results of immunohistochemistry staining for AT2 receptor of vessels were positive. In the lung tissues, the level of mRNA of AT2 receptor was different to AT1 receptor, and the former was higher than the latter (P

Objective To explore the efficacy of cold packs combined with ice compress in treatment of pain after erbium fractional photothermal therapy on acne scars. Methods Eighty cases which were confirmed to the criteria were randomized into two groups:treatment group and control group. The treatment group (n=40) treated with cold packs combined with cold icy compress immediately after the surgery for 30~40 mins. The control group (n=40) was given icy compress therapy immediately after the surgery for 30~40 mins. The therapy continued for three days after the surgery on the two groups. The self-feeling symptom and pain relieving time were compared between the two groups. Result The time for pain relief in the wounds and the time for scabbing were both significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The cold packs combined with ice compress therapy can relieve the pains effectively and it can shorten the recovery time after fractional photothermal therapy.

Objective To explore the skill of mien)surgical removal and preservation and functional recovery of facial nerve for large acoustic neuromas.Methods The clinical data of 82 consecutive patients with large acoustic neuromas operated upon through the suboccipital retrosigmoid approach were retrospectively reviewed.The cases with HB grade Ⅲ - Ⅵ of facial nerve were divided randomly into two groups,the one group was given conventional therapy and the other group was given Kabato rehabilitation training.Results In those cases,acoustic neuromas were totally removed in 77 (93.9%),subtotally removed in 5.Facial nerve was kept anatomically intact in 78 cases of the patients (95.1%).Recovery of facial nerve function was faster and more effective in the training group than that in the un-training group.During the follow-up ranging from 6 months to 3 years,among 5 cases of subtotally resection,2 cases relapsed.Three patients in our series complained of chronic headache postoperatively.No patient long time coma or died.Conclusion The goal of large acoustic neuromas treatment should be total removal in one stage and preservation of facial nerve function,as they determine a patient's quality of life.Kabat rehabilitation training is the effective method of functional recovery of facial nerve after operation.

Objective:To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of secukinumab in the treatment of erythrodermic psoriasis.Methods:From July 2019 to August 2021, 7 patients with erythrodermic psoriasis, who received subcutaneous injection of secukinumab at a dose of 300 mg once a week from week 0 to 4 followed by every-4-week dosing in Wuhan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, were collected. At weeks 0, 4, 8 and 12, the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was recorded, and adverse drug reactions were observed.Results:All 7 patients were treated for at least 12 weeks. After 4-week treatment, 4 patients achieved PASI50; after 12-week treatment, 5 achieved PASI75, and 2 achieved PASI90. No serious adverse drug reactions occurred. One patient developed fever during the treatment, but the body temperature returned to normal after management; another 1 developed cough and expectoration, and the symptoms were relieved after oral administration of a Chinese herbal preparation named pharyngitis mixture.Conclusion:Secukinumab is effective in the treatment of erythrodermic psoriasis, with fewer adverse reactions, which provides a new option for the treatment of erythrodermic psoriasis.