Objective To study the chemical constituents of Phyllanthus amarus. Methods Chromatography on silica gel column, Sephadex LH-20 columm, recrystallization, and preparative HPLC technique were used to isolate and purify the compounds. Spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, EI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, and HMBC were used to elucidate the structures of compounds. Results Nine compounds were obtained and identified as palmitic acid (1), 4-hydrobenzal dehyde (2), oleanolic acid (3), stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleate (4), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzoic acid (5), daucosterol (6), apigenin (7), luteolin (8), and phyllanoside (9). Conclusion Compound 9 is a new compound, named phyllanoside. Compounds 4-8 are isolated from the plant for the first time.

Objective To assess the effects of gastric bypass versus medical therapy in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Methods The Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, Chinese biomedical literature database and Wanfang database up to April 2014 were searched. Randomized controlled trails(RCTs) of frequently-used bariatric surgery for obese patients with type 2 diabetes were included. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were performed according to the Cochrane standards. Results Four RCTs involving 157 patients in the gastric bypass groups and 152 patients in the medical therapy group were enrolled. Compared with medical therapy, gastric bypass for type 2 diabetes significantly decreased the levels of HbA1C(mean difference = -1. 85% , 95% CI -2. 15 ~ -1. 56, P< 0. 01), fasting blood glucose( standard mean difference = - 0. 90 mmol/ L, 95% CI-1. 24 ~ -0. 57, P<0. 01), body weight(mean difference=-23. 39 kg, 95% CI -29. 17 ~ -17. 61, P<0. 01), waist circumference(mean difference= -15. 36 cm, 95% CI -17. 51 ~ -13. 22, P<0. 01) and the dose of hypoglycemic medicine; while it increased the number of patients with HbA1C<6% (RR=5. 49, 95% CI 2. 22 ~ 13. 56, P<0. 01), the rate of adverse events(RR=1. 96, 95% CI 1. 42 ~ 2. 70, P<0. 01), and the level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(mean difference=1. 24 mmol/ L, 95% CI 0. 64 ~ 1. 84, P<0. 01). Conclusions Gastric bypass surgery is more effective compared with medical therapy alone for obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Further intensive RCTs of high-quality in multiple centers with long-term follow-up should be carried out to provide more reliable evidences.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of fallopian tube perfusion with ozone water in treating obstructed fallopian tube in pluripara.Methods A total of 116 patients with distal fallopian tube obstruction were included in this study.The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical and laboratory materials.The patients were randomly divided into the study group and the control group with 58 patients in each group.During hospitalization period all patients received interventional recanalization therapy for obstructed fallopian tube.For the patients of the study group,ozone water perfusion of fallopian tube was employed,while for the patients of the control group,fallopian tube perfusion with conventional anti-inflammatory drug and antiadhesion solution was adopted.All the patients were followed up for 6 months,the pregnancy rate and the fallopian tube re-occlusion rate of both groups were calculated,and 2 weeks after the treatment the patients'discomfort symptoms were evaluated.Results The success rate of fallopian tube recanalization,the pregnancy rate and the re-obstruction rate in the study group were 93.1％ (54/58),79.3％ (46/58) and 5.2％(3/58) respectively,which in the control group were 91.4％ (53/58),60.3％ (35/58) and 172％ (10/58) respectively.Statistical analysis indicated that no significant difference in the success rate of fallopian tube recanalization existed between the two groups (P＞0.05).The pregnancy rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group,while the re-obstruction rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group;the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).No significant differences in discomfort symptom scores existed between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Fallopian tube perfusion with ozone water can be adopted for tubal recanalization,this technique can effectively improve the postoperative pregnancy rate and reduce the tubal re-obstruction rate.

Objective To study the immune regulation of antisense peptide in rats by observing immune function of activity fragments of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and their corresponding antisense peptides. Methods TSHR peptides TR1, TR2, TR3 and their antisense peptides RT1, RT2, RT3, and three pairs of complementary peptides were injected into rats of different groups respectively, and the serum levels of TT_3, TT_4, TSHR antibody (TRAb), thyroid stimmulating antibody, thyroid blocking antibody and TSH antibody (TSHAb) and pathological changes in thyroid tissue were investigated. Results Serum TRAb could be induced when each of three fragments of TSHR was injected into rats; TRAb and TSHAb were induced by RT1 or RT2; epithelial hyperplasia and lymphocytic infiltration observed in thyroid tissue of rats injected with TR2 could be abated by injecting RT2 subsequently. Conclusion The results suggest that all 3 TSHR fragments are shown to be immunogenic and are capable to induce TRAb; both RT1 and RT2 show their effect on immune regulation and are idiotypic of TSHR peptides; On the other hand, the humoural and cell immunities are ameliarated by injection of antisense peptides. Therefore, it is possible that antisense peptides may be involved in immune regulation via immune network.

AIM: The selective recognition of the sense peptides which are located in special regions of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) by their corresponding antisense peptides has been investigated. Three pairs of sense and antisense peptides were named TR1 (aa37-45) and RT1 (aa45-37), TR2 (aa353-366) and RT2 (aa366-353), TR3 (aa648-655) and RT3 (aa655-648). METHODS: To prepare three affinity chromatography columns, antisense peptides were immobilized, called RT1-sepharose 4B, RT2-sepharose 4B and RT3-sepharose 4B, respectively and investigate the retardative behavior for each of native peptide TR1, TR2 or TR3 on above columns with stepwise elution. RESULTS: Each of the three immobilized antisense peptides recognized and retarded its corresponding sense peptide-TR1, TR2 or TR3 instead of those non-complementary peptides. Immobilized RT1 recognized free TSHR protein molecule as well. In additional, bovine thyrotropin was recognized by immobilized TR1. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that molecular recognition theory exsits in thyrotropin receptor system. It may be useful to isolate biological molecules and to locate epitopes of TSH on TSHR molecule. Otherwise, antisense peptide may be used for treatment of experimental autoimmunolized thyroid disease (AITD) in the rat. [

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy of folic acid in the prevention of gastrointestinal(GI)tumors in elder,and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Cochrane Library,PubMed,EM-Base,Web of Science,CMB,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang Database,the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about folic acid (test group)versus placebo(control group)in the prevention of GI tumors in elder(age>50 years old). After quality evaluation and da-ta extract,Meta-analysis was performed buy using Rev Man 5.3 statistics software. RESULTS:A total of 9 RCT were included,in-volving 29 494 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed there was no significant difference in the incidence of GI tumors between 2 groups[RR=0.91,95%CI(0.74,1.12),P=0.38]. Results of subgroup analysis showed the incidence of GI tumors was not affected by GI tumor stage,age,basic serum folic acid level,type and dose of folic acid and follow-up time during follow-up period. CON-CLUSIONS:Folic acid supplement can not effectively prevent the incidence of GI tumors in elder. The incidence of GI tumors in elder with different ages and baseline of folic acid are not decreased by any dose and duration,without obvious adverse reactions. It indicates that folic acid supplement should be careful and give full conscideration to the patients’general situation. Due to the limit of methodological quality and sample size,it remains to be further verified with more rigorously designed and long-term follow-up of large-scale RCT.

Objective:To analyze the current status of anxiety/depression and the influencing factors in junior high school students in Nanqiao Town， and to provide the objective evidence for relevant departments to promote the mental health of junior high school students. Methods:The stratified cluster sampling was used in this study. A total of 1 154 junior high school students from 4 out of 7 schools in Nanqiao Town were selected to participate in the survey. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect basic information. The Chinese Middle School Students Anxiety Scale and the Chinese Middle School Students Depression Scale were used to assess anxiety and depression. Results:The detection rates of anxiety and depression in junior high school students in Nanqiao Town were 27.3%（298/1 092） and 12.6%（138/1 092）， respectively. The detection rates of anxiety and depression in boys were 25.9%（147/568） and 12.2%（69/568）， respectively， while the rates in girls were 28.8%（151/524） and 13.2%（69/524）. There was no statistical difference between genders （χ²= 1.184，0.257， All P<0.05）. With gradual increase in grade， the detection rate of depressive symptoms also gradually increased （χ²=12.393，P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent factors of anxiety were： foreign household registration （OR=2.2）， low learning interest （OR=3.8）， self-perceived learning pressure （OR=14.5） or moderate learning pressure （OR=3.8）， average personality （OR=1.5）， poor relationship with parents （OR=2.2）， and normal relationship with family （OR=2.0）. The independent influencing factors of depression included： moderate learning interest （OR=2.8） or low （OR=11.1）， self-consciousness high learning pressure （OR=4.1）， average personality （OR=1.9）， average relationship with family members （OR=2.0） or poor relationship with family members （OR=6.5）， and poor relationship with classmates and friends （OR=10.4）. Conclusions:The mental health of junior high school students in Nanqiao Town needs further improvement. We should focus on students who are foreign students and/or experience high learning pressure， introverted personality， and tension in interpersonal relationships， anxiety and depression.We should also carry out related health activities and intervention measures to improve students' psychological adjustment ability and promote their physical and mental health.