Objective This research summarized the nursing experience of critically ill patients infected by H7N9 avian influenza who were treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and artificial liver device.Methods 10 critically ill patients infected by H7N9 avian influenza were selected,during treatment of ECMO combined with artificial liver device,nursing care such as careful observation of the changes of symptoms,strict disinfection and protection,contact isolation,symptomatic treatment to fever,correct management of airway and ventilator circle,pipeline nursing of ECMO and artificial liver device,mental nursing,symptomatic and support therapy which included antivirus,anti-hypoxia and anti multiple organ failure,anti-shock,anti-infection,microecological balance maintenance and water-electrolyte balance maintenance.Results 4 critically ill patients infected by H7N9 avian influenza improved and removed ECMO and artificial liver device,among whom one patient rehabilitated and was discharged.Another 6 patients were in a steady state.Conclusions For critically ill patients infected by H7N9 avian influenza,comprehensive and elaborate care can facilitate early recovery of patients.

AIM:To investigate the inhibition of breviscapine on apoptosis of cultured myocardial cell of neonatal rat induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. METHODS:Myocardial cell hypoxia/reoxygenation model was established by culturing primary myocardial cells of neonatal rats in vitro. Cultured myocardial cells were divided into 5 groups:control group,hypoxia/reoxygenation group and 3 groups pretreated with breviscapine of final concentration 25,50 and 100 mg/L,respectively. The cell viability was measured with MTT; apoptotic rates were determined by AnnexinV-FITC/PI; the expression of Bcl-2 was detected by immunohistochemical method. Expressions of Cytochrome C (CytC) and Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the viability of myocardial cell decreased and apoptosis rate elevated after hypoxia/reoxygenation. However after pretreatment with 25,50 and 100 mg/L breviscapine,respectively. Cell viabilities increased and apoptotic rates lowered,and the protective effect on myocardial cell had concentration-dependent. In addition,Expression of Bcl-2 decreased but Caspase-3 activity and CytC release increased in myocardial cells induced hypoxia/reoxygenation. Pretreated with breviscapine,expression of Bcl-2 elevated but Caspase-3 activity and CytC release reduced obviously. CONCLUSION:It is associated with the increase in Bcl-2 expression,inhibition of CytC release and Casepase-3 activity that breviscapine could significantly protect myocardial cell against apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation.

Objective To analyze the plasma free fatty acid (FFA) composition in patients with T2DM. Methods All subjects were from Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan university, and they were divided into three groups: normal control ( n = 94 ), T2DM ( n = 101 ) and T2DM with hyperlipidemia ( n = 77 ). Fasting blood samples were taken from the participants, and plasma FFA were separated using a modified Doles method with the bromoacetophenone, pre-column-derivative. The quantitation of FFA was performed on were (355.63 ± 100. 35) μmol/L, (421.21 ± 200. 83 ) μ mol/L, ( 473.04 ± 213.40 ) μmol/L in healthy controls, T2DM group and T2DM with hyperlipidemia group, respectively. The significant differences were observed among the 3 groups(x2 = 13.08, P <0.01 ). However, there was no significant difference of UFA concentrations among the 3 groups [(206.29± 61.94) μ mol/L, (218.11 ± 110.28) μmol/L and ( 240.94 ± 116.79 ) μmol/L, x2 = 2.17, P > 0.05]. Compared to normal control [( 355.63 ± 100.35 )μmol/L], the FFA concentration[(421.21 ±200.83) μmol/L] in T2DM has significantly increased (x2 =FFA concentrations were higher in T2DM with hyperlipidemia [(473.04 ±213.40) μmol/L] (x2 =27.93,P <0.01 ). The RSD values for intra- and inter-day precision were less than 5%, and the minimal detection limits ranged from 0.05 μmol/L to 0.35 μmol/L The recoveries of high, intermediate and low-level materials were 96.4% -104.8%. Conclusions The total FFA concentration in T2DM has increased, most of which are saturated FFA. The unsaturated FFA has not significantly increased. They seem to be related to the development of T2DM, and might be a new biomarker for clinical monitoring of metabolic disorder of T2DM.

ObjectiveTo explore the chnical application value of ultrafine electronic endoscopy on the diagnosis of pediatric diseases of upper digestive tract.MethodsSeventy-five cases suspected upper gastrointestinal diseases from January 2009 to June 2010 were selected and were divided by systematic sampling method into observation group(47 cases) which was diagnosed with ultrafine electronic endoscopy and control group(28 cases) which was diagnosed by normal endoscopy.The data of diagnosis and compliance of two groups were observed and compared.ResultsCompliance rate of observation group and control group had significant difference[ 100.0％(47/47) vs.67.9％(19/28),P ＜ 0.01 ].The incidence rates of nausea,salivation and restless of observation group [ 8.5％(4/47 ),6.4％(3/47),8.5％(4/47 ) ]were lower than those of control group [39.3％(11/28),28.6％(8/28),50.0％(14/28)](P＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).Correct diagnosis rate of control group was 84.2％ (16/19),while that of observation group was 95.7％ (45/47),but comparison of diagnosis showed no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).The incidence rates of diaphragmatic spasm,sore throat and slow heartbeat in successful examination cases of control group[21.1％ (4/19),31.6％ (6/19),21.1％ (4/19) ]significant higher than those of observation group [0,2.1％ ( 1/47),2.1％(1/47) ](P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionUltrafine electronic endoscopy can achieve the same accuracy as normal endoscopy,but compared with normal endoscopy,it can improve the compliance of children during the examination and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective To establish the multiple quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR)assay and evaluate its clinical application in prenatal diagnosis.Methods Totally 170 samples Were collected between May 2008 and July 2009 in prenatal center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital:123 of them were amniotic fluid,9 were chofionic villous samples,20 were fetal blood and 18 were villi from aborted fetuses.All samples were from women of Han nationality,with mean age of (34.1±4.6) years old,and with mean gestational age of(19.6±1.0)weeks.Cytogenetic cultures and karyotyping were made to every sample.Genomic DNA wag extracted from the samples.The sequences of twenty short tandem repeat (STR) markers were designed according to the GenBank and references,including 6 STR markers in chromosome 21.4 in chromosome 18.4 in chromosome 13,4 in chromosome X,1 in chromosome Y and 1 universal marker in both X and Y chromosome.Each sample was amplified by two sets of multiple QF-PCR,which included 4 STR markers in each of 21,18,13 and sex chromosomes. If the result was uninformative,the third set of anotherd 4 STR markers was added. Results ( 1 ) Karyotyping. Cytogenetic analysis were made for all the 170 samples, 151 (89%) of which were normal, and 19 (11% ) were abnormal (2)QF-PCR assay. 167(98% ) samples were detected by QF-PCR. The results were obtained within 2 -3 days after sampling. 134 samples were proved normal by QF-PCR, which was consistent with karyotyping. Among the 19 abnormal karyotype samples, 18 were detected as abnormal( eight were 21-trisomy, three were 18-trisomy)by QF-PCR. Among the 167 samples, 150(90% ) were detected using the first and second set of STR mixtures, and 3(2% ) were detected when the third set of STR was added. The remain 14(8% ) were uninformative. (3) The diagnostic efficiency of QF-PCR. The sensitivity of QF-PCR in prenatal diagnosis of common aneuploidities was 95%, the specificity, the false positive rate, the false negative rate, the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 100% ,0,5%, 100% and 99% , respectively. (4)Autusome and sex chromosome detection by QF-PCR. Among all the STR markers,D21S1270 and D21S1411 had the highest heterozygosifies in chromosome 21, and DXS8377 had the highest in sex chromosome. The amplifications were stable. Conclusion Multiple QF-PCR assay is a valid alternative in rapid prenatal diagnosis of common chromosome aneuploidies. With high accuracy, it can be used for numerous sample test in large-scale laboratories.

Objective To study clinical characteristics in patients of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)with cardiac involvement and to assess relevant risk factors contributed to it.Methods Totally,239 patients of SLE were evaluated by cardiogram,echocardiogram and serologic examinations,and those with cardiac involvement were compared to those without it by clinical and laboratory data.Results There were 114 of 239(47.7%)SEE patients with cardiac abnormalities,of whom only 31(27.2%)had cardiac symptoms,including 44 cases(38.6%)with hydropericardium,32(28.1%)with myocardial damage,14 (12.3%)with cardiac valvular lesions,19(16.7%)with cardiac block,and 13 with other cardiac damages.No significant difference in age,gender,course of disease,SLE activity index(SEEDAI)scores,serum levels of auto-antibodies and complement(C3),and so on,were found between 114 SLE patients with cardiac abnormalities and 64 without it,who were:randomly selected from 125 patients of SEE without cardiac damage.But,patients of SLE complicated with pericarditis or myocardial lesions had higher SLEDAI scores and lower serum level of C3 than those without cardiac lesions(both P＜0.05),and relatively longer course of disease was found in those with valvular heart disease.Conclusions Cardiac damage was common in patients with SLE,but most of whom were asymptomatic,and only those with severe and active illness tended to develop pericarditis and myocardial damage and those with longer course were liable to have valvular heart disease.

Objective To determine the level of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to assess its relationship with disease activity and organ damage. Methods The plasma levels of MCP-I were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 95 patients with SLE and 21 healthy controls. Disease activity in SLE patients was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Results Plasma level of MCP-1 was significantly elevated in SLE patients than in healthy controls [(849±289) pg/ml vs (426±266) pg/ml, P<0.01]. Moreover, level of MCP-1 was significantly higher in SLE patients with lupus nephritis (LN) than in patients without LN (P<0.01), andin SLE patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms than in patients without neuropsychiatric involvement (P< 0.01). In addition, significant correlation between plasma MCP-I levels and the SLEDAI was observed (r= 0.3699, P<0.01), and this relationship was not influenced by the treatment with glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide. Conclusion MCP-I may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE, including renal and neuropsychiatric involvement. MCP-I is also a serologic marker of disease activity in patients with SLE, and its measurement in SLE patients may be useful for the evaluation of disease activity.

Objective:To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) in airway macrophages and pulmonary neu-rogenic substance P ( SP ) in the pathogenesis of asthma by analyzing their relationship in different categories of asthmatic patients.Methods:Twenty patients of asthma remission phase ( remission asthma group ) , twenty ones of mild acute exacerbation asthma (mild asthma group) and twenty healthy adults (normal control group) were included,respectively.After lung function was measured,the numbers of macrophage in induced sputum were counted.The expression levels of MMP12 mRNA and protein in sputum macrophages were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.The concentration of sputum SP was assayed by enzyme immunometric assay.Results: ( 1 ) Compared with the subjects in normal control group, forced expiratory volume in 1 second%predicted ( FEV1 ) and forced expiratory flow rates at 50% of the forced vital capacity % predicted ( FEF50 ) were much lower and the numbers of sputum macrophages were much higher in the patients in different asthmatic groups.Compared with the patients in remission asthma group,FEV1 and FEF50 were much lower in the ones in mild asthma group.(2) MMP12 expressions in the macrophages and the concentrations of SP in sputum were significantly increased in the patients in different asthmatic groups compared with those in normal control group;Furthermore,MMP12 and SP in mild asthma group were much higher than in remission asthma.(3) In all patients from different asthmatic groups,mRNA expressions of MMP12 in the macrophages were positively correlated with the levels of sputum SP or the numbers of sputum macrophages,whereas negative correlations between mRNA expressions of MMP 12 and FEV 1 or FEF50 were observed.Conclusion: The regulatory imbalance of macrophages′MMP12 and pulmonary neurogic SP may participate in the pathogenesis of asthma and become the potential targets for asthma therapy.

Objective:To prepare the egg yolk immunoglobulin Y ( IgY) against human Sucrase and study its stability,in vitro activity. Methods:Hy-line laying hens were immunized with human Sucrase protein,IgY was isolated and purified from egg yolks of im-munized hens using water dilution and salting out method. Indirect ELISA was used to evaluate the titer and stability of IgY. The purity and specificity of IgY were analysed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot respectively. The inhibitory effects of IgY on α-glucosidase was studied by PNPG method. Results:Indirect ELISA results showed IgY could be detected on the tenth day after the first immunization, and the peak titer of IgY was 1:12 800 after the 40th day of immunization. SDS-PAGE showed that the heavy chain and light chain of IgY were 65 kD and 25 kD respectively, and the IgY against human Sucrase could specifically recognize the protein of human Sucrase. The IgY maintained primary titer when it was kept between 29-69℃ for 15 min,and pH 4-7,37℃,4 h. The titer of IgY was maintained 50% after digestion by pepsin and trypsin respectively for 2 hours. IgY had a higher resistence to pepsin than trypsin after longer digestion time. IgY showed an inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase in concentration dependent manner. The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0. 540 mg/ml. Conclusion:The IgY against human Sucrase has been successfully obtained,which established foundations for its study of Type 2 diabetes mellitus rat models in vivo.

Objective To observe the effect of the volatile oil of zanthoxylum bungeanum in killing demodex in vitro.Method The mites were collected with adhesive cellophane tape technique.The killing effect of the pure volatile oil with different concentrations volatile oils on human demodex was investigated by microscope.Results The pure volatile oil was highly powerful in killing D.f and D.b in vitro,and for the D.b,the killing effect was better.With the increase of dilutus multiple,the killing effect dareased.Conclusion The pure volatile oil of zanthoxylum bungeanum is an effective component in killing demodex in vitro.