Objective:To investigate the effect of nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB)/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway on lipid deposition and autophagy related protein expressions in aortic atherosclerosis mice.Methods:Ten 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used as control group, and 20 male apolipoprotein E gene knockout ( ApoE-/-) mice at the same age were randomly divided into AS group and bortezomib (BTZ) group ( n=10). Mice in the AS group and BTZ group were fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks; and then, mice in the BTZ group were injected intraperitoneally with 50 μg/kg BTZ (twice a week, for 4 weeks), while mice in the AS group were injected with same amount of saline. The general states of mice in each group were observed during the experiment process. Twelve weeks after intervention, the body weight and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured; the pathological morphology and lipid deposition of plaques at the aortic roots were observed by oil red O staining and HE staining; the expressions of NF-κB and NLRP3 were detected by immunohistochemistry; the expressions of Beclin-1, P62, and Atg12 were measured by Western blotting. Results:After 12 weeks of intervention, the body weight, contents of TC and LDL, pathological degrees, proportion of lipid deposition, positive expressions of NF-κB and NLRP3, and P62 protein expression in the AS group and BTZ group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while these indexes in the BTZ group were significantly lower than those in the AS group ( P<0.05); HDL content, protein expression levels of Beclin-1 and Atg12 in the AS group and BTZ group was significantly lower than that in the control group, while these indexes in the BTZ group were significantly higher than those in the AS group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Inhibition of NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway can reduce lipid deposition by regulating lipid content and mediate the autophagy related protein expressions to promote autophagy, thereby inhibiting the process of AS.

Objective:To observe the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effect of reactivation of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) patients after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR).Methods:A retrospective case series study. Eleven children with ROP (21 eyes) who were reactivated after IVR in Shenzhen Eye Hospital from January 2019 to October 2021 were included in the study. Among them, there were 6 males (11 eyes) and 5 females (10 eyes), with the gestational age of (27.6±2.2) weeks and birth weight of (1 034.6±306.5) g. At the first IVR treatment, 14 eyes (63.7%, 14/22) had acute ROP (AROP), 8 eyes (36.3%, 8/22) had threshold lesions. Post-reactivation treatments include IVR, retinal laser photocoagulation (LP), or minimally invasive vitrectomy (MIVS). The follow-up time after treatment was 12 to 18 months. Birth gestational age, birth weight, treatment method, corrected gestational age at treatment, lesion stage before and after treatment, lesion reactivation and regression time were recorded. The clinical characteristics and efficacy were observed and analyzed.Results:The time from initial IVR treatment to reactivation was (8.2±3.5) weeks. The corrected gestational age of the child was (43.62±4.08) weeks. In 21 eyes, AROP, threshold lesion, prethreshold lesion, and stage 4 lesion were in 2, 4, 12, and 3 eyes, respectively. The patients were treated with IVR, LP, IVR+LP, IVR+MIVS in 2, 13, 4 and 2 eyes, respectively. After the first reactivation treatment, the time of regression and stability was (8.4±4.9) weeks after treatment. There were 5 eyes with secondary reactivation of the lesion, and the lesion stages were stage 3, stage 4a and stage 5 in 2, 1 and 2 eyes, respectively. The mean reactivation time was (19.3±6.0) weeks after the last treatment. The patients in stage 3, stage 4a and stage 5 were treated with LP, LP+MIVS and IVR, respecitively, and the lesions subsided steadily during follow-up. At the last follow-up, 19 out of 21 eyes showed complete regression of the lesions, stable photocoagulation, regression of crista-like lesions, no additional lesions, and retinal leveling. All retinal detachment was "funnel-shaped" in 2 eyes.Conclusions:The lesion reactivation of AROP after IVR treatment is more common. The early reactivation rate is higher after treatment. There is a possibility of reactivation twice after re-treatment.

Objective To observe the value of transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)for guiding left atrial appendage closure(LAAC)with LAmbre occluder.Methods Data of 40 non-valvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF)patients who underwent LA AC with LAmbre occluder were retrospectively analyzed.CT angiography(CTA)before treatment,TEE and digital subtraction angiography(DSA)findings during LAAC were comparatively observed,and the correlations of the anchor area diameter and left atrial appendage opening diameter measured with the above three as well as occluder size were analyzed,and TEE and DSA for evaluating peri-device leak(PDL)were compared.Results LAAC were successfully performed with LAmbre occlude in all 40 cases.The diameter of the fixed umbrella was positively correlated with anchor area diameter measured with CTA,TEE and DSA(r=0.79,0.82,0.91,all P＜0.01),of occlusion umbrella was positively correlated with left atrial appendage opening diameter measured with CTA,TEE and DSA(r=0.56,0.89,0.86,all P＜0.01).Immediately after the release of occluder in LAAC,PDL occurred in 16 cases and were detected with both TEE and DSA,while in the rest 24 cases no PDL was found with neither TEE nor DSA.Conclusion TEE had comparable value to DSA for guiding LAAC using LAmbre occluder.

Pre-transfusion compatibility testing is complicated in autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) patients due to the presence of autoantibodies. Delays in blood transfusion or even life-threatening would occur if blood type, isoantibodies/ autoantibodies of these patients could not be correctly identified to choose the appropriate blood components. Knowing the detection and treatment countermeasures against blood transfusion compatibility in AIHA patients is of great significance to ensure the timeliness and safety of blood transfusion. Based on the research progress at home and abroad, this article summarizes the serological characteristics, autoantibody types, blood group identification methods, antibody screening and antibody identification methods, and blood transfusion strategies about AIHA patients, in order to eliminate the interference of autoantibodies and provide transfusion guidance for the staff of Blood Transfusion Department.