A computer-based online search of Pubmed, Wanfang database and Chinese Journal Full-text Database was undertaken to identify literature and analyze characteristics of membrane oxygenator. Separation membrane, commonly used for artificial lung, has developed from drum, plate folding pattern to microporous hollow fiber membrane. In microporous hollow fiber membrane oxygenator, the hollow fiber membrane is the main place that transition occurs from oxygen to carbon dioxide. Because of the advantages in transition area and oxygenation form, it has become main study direction of artificial lung recently. Hollow fiber is mainly composed of high polymer materials with good fibrogenic capability, and membrane materials with good membrane-forming ability, heat stability, chemical stability, acid and alkali resistance, microbe erosion and antioxygenation. Current studies focus on how to improve gas exchange ability and biocompatibility, such as to improve membrane materials, optimize design and experimental and clinical evaluation of performance.

In order to investigate the influence of recombinant human liver regeneration augmenter (hALR) on serum hyaluronic acid content in the process of experimental liver fibrosis, two kinds of animal models of rat experimental liver fibrosis induced by CCl 4 and albumin were established and different dosages of hALR were given during establishing the model. Serum specimens were obtained in different period of model establishment, and hyaluronic acid content was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results showed that in both rat models of experimental liver fibrosis, serum hyaluronic acid content in two hALR treatment group was significantly lower than that in different periods of model establishment. Serum concentration of hyaluronic acid in large dose of hALR treatment group was also significantly lower than that in low dose of hALR treatment group. These results indicate that recombinant human liver regeneration augmenter may decrease serum hyaluronic acid content in experimental liver fibrosis.

Objective The purpose of the study was to assess the quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Methods 89 patients with type 1 diabetes admitted by Beijing children's hospital and 196 matched healthy children and adolescents were involved.QOL was assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 4.0 Generic Core Scale.Results Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes had lower general HRQOL compared with the healthy matched children and adolescents,especially in emotional functioning and school functioning,HRQOL in girls was significantly lower than HRQOL in boys regarding social functioning.Conclusions The QOL of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes was impaired.

Objective To investigate the incidence of newly-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus ( T1DM ) complicated with ketoacidosis(DKA) and its relevant factors in pediatrics. Methods Hospital records of 317 T1DM children below 18 years of age, diagnosed from 2010 to 2012 were reviewed. By using retrospectively analyzed data of inpatients with newly-diagnosed T1DM, the incidence of DKA was calculated. In this study, the influential factors of DKA included gender, age, residence, family history of diabetes mellitus, duration of symptoms, misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, and delayed treatment. Patients were divided into two groups:group 1, aged<5 year and group 2, aged>5 year. Results Of all patients diagnosed with T1DM, 175 ( 55. 2%) presented with DKA, and mild, moderate, and severe DKA accounted for 26. 5%, 23. 9%, 49. 6%, respectively. The incidences of DKA in group 1 andgroup2were67.5% and48.0% (P=0.001),withthehighestfrequency(70.3%)inpatientsaged<2 years. The proportion of severe DKA in group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 2 (60. 0% vs 41. 3%, P=0. 048). The rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in the two groups were respectively 27. 4% and 12. 0%(P=0. 001), being 37. 8% in children<2 years. The HbA1C level of group 1 was lower than group 2 (11. 50% vs 12.54%,P=0.001). Intheacutemetabolicandhoneymoonperiod,Cpeptidelevelsofgroup1werebothlowerthan those of group 2 [(0. 36 vs 0. 55) ng/ml, P=0. 001;(0. 40 vs 0. 61) ng/ml, P=0. 02]. The DKA incidence of patients with misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis was significantly increased(83. 9% vs 49. 0%, P=0. 000). Compared with those without DKA, C peptide level of patients with DKA was lower in the acute metabolic period[(0. 56 vs 0.40)ng/ml,P<0. 01], but no difference in honeymoon period[(0. 67 vs 0. 59)ng/ml,P=0. 22]. Logistic regression showed that age, misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis were associated with the presence of DKA. The possibility of the occurrence of DKA in patients aged>5 years was half of patients aged<5 years ( OR=0. 448, P=0. 003), and the risk of DKA in patients with misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis was higher (OR=5. 640, P=0. 005). Conclusion DKA in patients with newly-onset T1DM is frequent and often severe. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients aged <5 years and those with misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis are encountered high risk of DKA.

Objective To clone the human Islet neogenesis associated protein(rhINGAP)gene,express the gene extraeellulary in Pichia yeast for.further study on biological function and animal test on INGAP.Methods INGAP gene Was amplified with PCR and inserted into the recombinant plasmidα/pUC18.Then,the fusion gene of α and INGAP was digested and inserted into the expression plasmid pPIC9K.The positive recombinant plasmid which integrated INGAP Was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing,and it Was linearized with Sal Ⅰ digestion and transfered into the yeast host strain GS115 through electroporation.The yeast transformants that harbor the desired gene INGAP with high copy were selected by the auxotroph mediam G418,and verified by PCR.The condition of hake-flask culture was optimized,and the recombinant human INGAP Was induced expression with methanol as the only Carbone source.The antigen activity of the desired protein Was detected by Western blotting and ELISA method.Results Recombinant plasmid αINGAP/pPIC9K were successfully constructed and three positive Pichia yeast transformants were obtained.The expressed protein had satisfactory antigen activity,which Was confirmed by the Western blotting and ELISA method.Conclusions Pichia yeast expressing human Islet neogenesis associated protein (rhINGAP)gene was successfully constructed.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic significance of D-dimer level in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of 70 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients who were admitted to Tianjin People's Hospital from January 2015 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The optimal cut-off value of D-dimer for survival was determined according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the patients were grouped. The differences of coagulation related indexes and clinicopathological features between patients with different D-dimer levels were compared. Kaplan-Meier method was used for univariate analysis of overall survival (OS), and Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis of OS.Results:According to ROC curve, the best cut-off value of D-dimer for survival was 0.75 mg/L. The proportion of patients with different clinical staging, international prognostic index score, lactate dehydrogenase level had statistically significant differences between the D-dimer ≥0.75 mg/L group (36 cases) and <0.75 mg/L group (34 cases) (all P < 0.05). The prothrombin time of D-dimer ≥ 0.75 mg/L group and < 0.75 mg/L group were (13.5±0.9) s and (13.0±0.8) s, respectively, and the activated partial thromboplastin time were (37±5) s and (34±6) s, respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the 5-year OS rates of DLBCL patients with Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, international prognostic index score > 2, lactate dehydrogenase level > 240 U/L, B symptoms, D-dimer level ≥0.75 mg/L were decreased (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that D-dimer ≥0.75 mg/L was an independent risk factor for OS of DLBCL patients ( HR=0.368, 95% CI 0.144-0.944, P= 0.038). Conclusion:The level of D-dimer can be used as a clinical indicator to judge the prognosis of DLBCL patients, and the prognosis of patients with high D-dimer level is poor.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lym-phoma (DLBCL). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 82 patients with DLBCL treated at Tianjin Union Medi-cal Center between June 2010 and June 2016. The optimal cutoff value of PNI was determined using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Youden index. The relationship of high and low PNI with the clinical characteristics of the patients, therapeutic ef-ficacy, and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Overall, mean PNI of the patients was 46.17±8.8. When the PNI was 44.15, the Youden in-dex was found to be maximal, with a sensitivity of 74.6% and specificity of 67.2%. There were 38 patients (46.3%) in the low PNI group (<44.15) and 44 patients (53.7%) in the high PNI group (≥44.15). Data analysis showed that PNI was correlated with Eastern Coopera-tive Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), Ann Arbor stage, international prognostic index (IPI) score, and lactic acid dehydro-genase (LDH) level (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the low PNI group was significantly lower than that of the high PNI group (65.8% vs. 86.4%; χ2=4.848; P=0.028). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate of the entire group of patients was 69.1%. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates of the low PNI group (86.8%, 67.8%, and 56.9%, respectively) were significantly lower than that of the high PNI group (96.7%, 89.5%, and 80.2%, respectively; χ2=9.421, P=0.002). Univariate analysis showed that PNI<44.15, ECOG PS≥2, IPI>2, stageⅢ/Ⅳ, and lymphocyte count<1.0×109/L had a significant impact on predicting OS (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that PNI<44.15 (P=0.006) and stageⅢ/Ⅳ(P=0.011) were independent factors for predicting OS. Conclusions: PNI might be used as a simple and feasible clinical prognostic indicator in patients with DLBCL.

BACKGROUND:Among the surface modification technologies of metal implants,micro-arc oxidation has been widely concerned for its convenience,low cost and ability to effectively adjust the microstructure and elements of surface coatings. OBJECTIVE:To summarize research advances in physical and chemical properties and biological activities of oxidation coatings prepared by micro-arc oxidation on different materials. METHODS:The articles about the effects of micro-arc oxidation on the biological activity of medical metals were searched in PubMed and Web of Science based on the English search terms"MAO,micro-arc oxidation,osseointegration,mechanical property,biological activity,angiogenesis,fibrogenesis".The search time was from January 2016 to December 2022.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,82 articles were finally retained for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Micro-arc oxidation is a potential surface modification technology,which can greatly improve the success rate of implantation,and can be widely used in other fields.The specific reasons are as follows:(1)Micro-arc oxidation technology forms special porous morphology on the surface of materials,which can optimize the mechanical properties such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance,contributing to the reduction of the degradation rate of magnesium alloys.(2)Micro-arc oxidation technology can significantly enhance the bioactivity and improve the bioinertness of titanium and titanium alloys through the addition of strontium,hydroxyapatite and other metallic or nonmetallic substances to its porous morphology for helping elevate its osteogenic differentiation,angiogenesis,fibrogenesis and other biological activities.

BACKGROUND:Micro-arc oxidation can effectively add bioactive elements to the metal surface and improve the anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of biomedical metal materials,so this technology has become one of the hotspots of biomedical materials. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of surface coatings prepared by the combination of micro-arc oxidation and other surface modification technologies. METHODS:Articles from January 1996 to December 2022 were searched on CNKI,WanFang and PubMed databases using Chinese and English search terms"micro-arc oxidation,antibacterial properties,anti-inflammatory properties,metal implants".After preliminary screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,89 articles were retained and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The ceramic layer prepared by micro-arc oxidation can improve the anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of titanium,magnesium and other alloys.Combination with other surface modification technologies can effectively solve the effect of pores on the surface properties of the alloy,and further improve the biological properties of the oxide film.It has a wide application prospect in orthopedics and dentistry.At present,most studies are limited to metal coatings,and most of them focus on metal elements with good antibacterial properties such as silver and copper,while only a few studies mention non-metallic coatings such as graphene oxide,hydroxyapatite and chitosan.In the future,extensive studies can be conducted on inorganic coatings and polymer coatings,and more combinations of different bioactive elements can also be adopted to improve antibacterial properties.Currently,studies on the inflammation of implant coatings prepared by micro-arc oxidation are mostly limited to the immune system and focused on macrophages,while studies on neutrophils and platelets are scarce.In the future,a variety of advanced technologies should be combined to explore the specific effects of micro-arc oxidation coating on other immune cells and inflammatory cells.

Objective To explore the nursing measures of patients with congenital hyperinsulinism during hospitalization and to develop nursing strategies. Methods A total of 131 patients with congenital hyperinsulinism were enrolled in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beijing Children′s Hospital. The patients were divided into four nursing stages for the treatment of children. The first stage: diagnosed as soon as possible and minimized hypoglycemia on children caused by injury; the second stage: patient feeding, monitoring diazoxide caused by gastrointestinal tract, circulatory system adverse reactions; the third stage: monitoring blood glucose changes, timely adjustment of octreotide dosage; the fourth stage: perioperative period of care, the prognosis of the full mission;throughout the focus of care was to keep the vein pass patency to maintain normal blood sugar. Results The number of patients receiving one to four stages of nursing were 131, 104, 18, 5 cases, respectively. The number of patients with satisfactory results after treatment was 27, 71, 15, 1, respectively. For patients who did not receive satisfactory glycemic control of the 15 patients were followed up, of which 5 cases were lost, 6 cases with improvement of hypoglycemia symptoms 2 years later, 4 cases were dead due to multiple organ damage. Conclusions The treatment of congenital hyperinsulinism patients is responsible for the long process, targeted care measures should be carried ou aiming at different treatment methods in order to obtain a satisfactory care effect.