Objective To clarify diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the pathological types of acute appendicitis in children and the role of CRP as a surgical indication marker for appendicitis.Methods Two hundred and six patients who underwent appendectomies and had pathologically confirmed appendicitis were reviewed between January 2010 and February 2014,and they were divided into gangrenous appendicitis group(n =53) and non-gangrenous appendicitis group(n =153) by postoperative pathological type.The correlation between preoperative clinical factors and the actual histological severity,and identify surgical indication markers were assessed by multivariate analysis and ROC analysis.Results There were significant differences in white blood count(WBC),neutrophils percentage and CRP level between gangrenous appendicitis group and non-gangrenous appendicitis group(P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the level of CRP should be a risk factor for judging gangrenous appendicitis.It showed that the role of CRP in judging gangrenous appendicitis was superior to the proportion of neutrophils and WBC in the ROC curve.The ROC curve showed that the area under the ROC curve for the CRP level,neutrophils percentage and WBC was 0.931,0.659 and 0.599 respectively,and the optimal cut off value of CRP for surgical indication for classifying cases was around 44.4 mg/L,and the sensitivity was 75.5 ％,specificity was 93.5 ％.Conclusion The level of CRP is useful in identifying the pathological types of acute appendicitis in children,and can be considered to be a surgical indication marker for acute appendicitis in children.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors of professional exposure among medical staff and explore the preventive strategies.METHODS The influence of factors including profession,exposure process,exposed materials,treatment process,and follow-up among 110 medical staff with professional exposure was analyzed.RESULTS The general incidence of professional exposure was 52.73%,35.45% and 6.36% for clinical doctors,nures,and workers,respectively.Among all exposure cases,we found the incidence was 62.73% for pricking wound,20% for various liquid contamination,4.55% for glass injury,2.73% for scalpel cutting,and 4.55% for other instrument related damage.The reasons leading to exposure were treatment and nursing care,surgery assistance,and instrument and materials manipulation,which accounted for 40%,31.82%,and 18.18% of total incidence,respectively.All of the exposure cases had been properly treated.None of the investigated cases had been found illed with blood derived transmitted disease caused by professional exposure.CONCLUSIONS It is critical to intensify the training of medical staff for the knowledge of professional exposure and to improve their personal protective awareness,so that the incidence of professional exposure could be reduced.

Aim To study IL-8 expression of human airway epithelium-like NCI-H292 cells directly induced by Pyocyanin and its mechanism through protein kinase C(PKC) and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-??).Methods ELISA methods were performed to test the expression of IL-8 in NCI-H292 cells infected by Pyocyanin.Western blot was employed to examine the expression of NF-?B protein.In addition,NCI-H292 cells were cultured together with PKC inhibitor,calphostin C or NF-?? inhibitor,pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC),respectively before Pyocyanin infection,then the expression of IL-8 and NF-?? was assayed using the above methods.Results Pyocyanin was able to induce IL-8 protein secretion in NCI-H292 cells and had marked concentration-dependent relations.Pyocyanin could also significantly promote the activation of NF-?B,which peaked at 60~90 min.PDTC and calphostin C could significantly decrease the activation of NF-?? and the expression of IL-8.Conclutions Pyocyanin can induce IL-8 production.The direct induction of Pyocyanin can promote the activation of NF-?B by PKC signal pathway,then cause the expression and secretion of IL-8.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Cefepime in treating senile patients with hospital acquired pneumonia(HAP).METHODS: A total of 60 HAP cases were randomly assigned to receive Cefepime(n=30) or Ceftazidime (n=30) for 7～10 days.The effective rate and the bacterial clearance rate of two groups were compared.RESULTS: The effective rate was 86.7% for Cefepime group and 70.0% for Ceftazidime group(P

Objective To study the effects of planting soil on active ingredients in different organs of Lonicera japonica Thunb.. Methods The contents of active ingredients in Lonicera japonica Thunb. from different origins, different varieties and different organs, such as chlorogenic acid, luteoloside, total flavonoids, total phenolic acid, and soil nutrient and inorganic elements, were detected. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 software. Results Lonicera japonica Thunb. from Pinyi area in Shandong Province had the highest content of active ingredients. In terms of content of active ingredients, PY-HBRD-1 was the most suitable variety in the Pingyi area. Analysis on the correlation between planting soil and active ingredients showed that the contents of K, Mn and other elements could be used as the index for quality control of Lonicera japonica Thunb.. Conclusion This study could provide guidance for selection of varieties of Lonicera japonica Thunb. in different planting areas, and enrich the materials about researches on producing area of Lonicera japonica.

Objective:To investigate the effect of hypoxia on the expression of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells,and to clarify its possible epigenetic mechanism.Methods:Two kinds of OSCC cell lines,FaDu and OECM-1,were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions for 18 h.The relative expression levels of FOXP3 mRNA and protein in the cells were detected by Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting method.The histone modification levels on the FOXP3 gene promoter,including acetylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4ac),trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and lysine 27 (H3K27me3),were analyzed by Chromatin Immunocipitation (ChIP) and quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR).The relative expression levels of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) mRNA and inhibitory rates of FOXP3 mRNA expression in the HDAC3-knockdown FaDu cells were investigated by Real-time qPCR and ChIP-qPCR.Results:Compared with normoxic condition,the relative expression levels of FOXP3 mRNA in FaDu and OECM-1 cells under hypoxic condition were decreased by 65.6% and 75.7% (P<0.01).The Western blotting results indicated that compared with normoxic condition,the expression levels of FOXP3 protein in FaDu and OECM-1 cells under hypoxic condition were decreased.The ChIP experiment results showed that compared with normoxic condition,the levels of H3K4ac and H3K4me3 on FOXP3 gene promoter in FaDu cells were decreased under hypoxic condition (P<0.01),while the H3K27me3 level was not changed.In HDAC3-knockdown FaDu cells,compared with control cells,the inhibitory rates of the expressions of H3K4ac and H3K4me3 on FOXP3 gene promoter under hypoxia condition were decreased (P<0.05),so did expressions the FOXP3 mRNA expression (P<0.05).Conclusion:Hypoxia could suppress the expression of FOXP3 by HDAC3-mediated down-regulation of H3K4ac on FOXP3 gene promoter in the human OSCC cells.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with body-weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) on patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods Four patients with chronic incomplete SCI participated in this study.They were first treated with rTMS and then BWSTT training.They were assessed with clinical measures of function.Two of the four patients were assessed in terms of their H reflex,and using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a balance performance monitor (BPM).Results In two of the four patients,American spinal injury association (ASIA) clinical measures of motor and sensory function improved,as did 10 m walking speed and their sense of effort.In static balance tests,the sway path and sway area of the two patients both decreased.These improvements lasted for 3 weeks after the intervention.The two patients' maximum H reflex amplitude and the H/M amplitude ratio decreased.The fMRI results showed progressive enlargement of the activation volume of the movement-related M1 region after treatment.Conclusion High-frequency rTMS combined with BWSTT may improve motor function,elevate excitability of spinal motor neurons and improve the plasticity of the cerebral cortex in chronic incomplete SCI patients.

Objective This study was to understand the structure characteristics of prophages in the genome of Enterococcus hirae R17,and also to analyze their interaction relationships with the host bacterium.Methods The gene distribution and gene encoding characteristics of prophages in the genome of Enterococcus hirae R17 were identified using the PHAST software.The virulence gene,antimicrobial resistance genes,and environmental resistance genes in the prophages were also analyzed.Results Three prophages were found on the chromosome of Enterococcus hirae,including two incomplete prophage elements (Prophage-1 and Prophage-2) and one complete prophage (Prophage-3).Some function genes of bacteria were found in the sequence of three prophages,including nucleotide transportation and metabolism related genes.One incomplete prophage carrying erythromycin-and bacitracin-resistance genes was identified in the plasmid,which suggested that prophage induced gene horizontal transfer caused erythromycin-and bacitracin-resistance of Enterococcus hirae R17.Conclusion This study laid a solid foundation for the diversity analysis of prophages of Enterococcus hirae.Prophages played an important role in promotion of antimicrobial resistance of enterococci.Scientists should pay more attention to the spread of antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity induced by prophages.

Objective To compare predictive power for deep vein thrombosis among hip and knee joint replacement patients using Autar scale and Wells scale.Methods Convenience sampling method was used.Totally 331 patients from ten tertiary hospitals receiving hip and knee joint replacement were recruited.General information questionnaire,Autar scale and Wells scale were used to collect data.Telephone follow-up was performed at 2 weeks,1 month and 3 months after hospital discharge.The primary endpoint of follow-up was occurrence of DVT,and the secondary endpoint was no occurrence of DVT within 3 months after hospital discharge.Results The Cronbach's α coefficients of Autar scale ranged from 0.716 to 0.762 for scores 24h before operation,24h after operation and at the day of discharge,and those of Wells scale ranged from 0.580 to 0.603.The area under the ROC curve of Autar scale ranged from 0.726 to 0.798.The area under the ROC curve of Wells scale ranged from 0.568 to 0.628.Conclusion The predictive power of Autar scale was higher than that of Wells scale which enabled Autar scale to better predict deep vein thrombosis for patients receiving hip and knee joint replacement.

Objective: To study the correlation between the level of T-bet expression and liver damage in peripheral plasma cells of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in order to provide reference for the study of pathogenesis and development of diseases. Methods: The peripheral venous blood and clinical examination data of 29 cases with AIH and 6 healthy volunteers were collected. The percentage of subpopulations of peripheral blood B cells and the proportion of T-bet⁺ cells in each subgroup were detected by flow cytometry. Plasma cells (CD19⁺CD10^-CD27^hiCD38^hi), primary B cells (CD19⁺CD10^-CD27^-IgD⁺), transitional B cells (CD19⁺CD10⁺), and memory B cells (CD19⁺CD10^-CD27⁺IgD^-) were the included subsets of B cells. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, the proportion of B cells in peripheral blood subsets and IgG level, the proportion of T-bet⁺ cells in each subset and the proportion of T-bet⁺ plasma cells in each subset in B cells, the proportion of T-bet⁺ plasma cells and the level of serum ALT were analyzed for correlation analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using two independent sample t-tests and linear regression. Results: The serum IgG level of AIH patients with abnormal ALT (19.47 ± 1.039)g/L was significantly higher than that of normal ALT patients (15.5 ± 1.069)g/L, and the difference was statistically significant (t = 2.65, P < 0.05). The percentage of peripheral plasma cells in B cells of AIH patients (2.80 ± 0.14) % was higher than that of healthy volunteers (0.73 ± 0.09) %, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The percentage of T-bet⁺ cells in peripheral plasma cells of AIH patients (23.54 ± 1.61) % was higher than that of healthy volunteers (6.59±0.59) % , and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The correlation analysis showed that the proportion of T-bet⁺ cells in peripheral plasma cells of AIH patients was positively correlated with the proportion of plasma cells to B cells (r = 0.224 7, P < 0.01), and the percentage of peripheral plasma cells to B cells was positively correlated with the level of serum IgG (r = 0.299 1, P < 0.01). Serum IgG level was correlated with the level of ALT, reflecting an indicator of liver damage (t = 2.65, P < 0.05). Conclusion The increase of T-bet expression in the peripheral plasma cells of AIH patients is associated with liver damage, which is a new mechanism of AIH pathogenesis and disease progression.