By counting the amount of microbes inoculation of superficial fungus and MIC determination, 10 kinds of herbs distributed in China were observed for their bacteriostatic actions on 8 kinds of common superficial fungal infections. Among them, 5% water extracts from Cortex Moutan Radicis, Herba Artemisia, Cortex Dictamni Radicis, Cortex Fraxini Rhizoma Belamcandae and Radix Notopterigii, their average MIC were 11. 88%, indicating that they can be applied as wide - spectrum antifungal herbs for superficial mycotic infection.

Objective To evaluate the management of acute diarrhea in adult and to assess physician's adherence to guidelines recommended by Manatsathit working group.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional survey was carried out in 10 hospitals in Shaanxi Province with assignment of 40 patients each hospital.The difference of enumeration data between groups was analyzed using chi square test.Quantitative data were compared using t test.Results Data were collected from 400 patients.60.5％ (242/400) were female and mean age was (38.4 ± 17.5) years.In Manatsathit guideline,stool examination and stool culture for bacteria are recommended in patients with watery diarrhea with dehydration and in patients with bloody diarrhea.In this survey,of the 64 patients with dehydration,only 38 (59.4％) and 13 (23.3％) patients had done stool routine test and vibriocholera culture,respectively.Compared to Manatsathit guideline,the differences were obvious (x2 32.627 and 84.779,respectively; both P＜0.01).Of the 30 patients with bloody diarrhea,25 (83.3％) cases had stool examination done,which was roughly in line with Manatsathit guideline (x2 =3.491,P=0.062).However,stool culture for bacteria was performed only in 3 (10％) patients,which was significantly different with the guideline (x2 =49.091,P＜ 0.001).Overall,30 (7.5 ％) cases were diagnosed with acute bacillary dysentery clinically,and the remaining 370 (92.5％) were diagnosed with acute infectious diarrhea.Of the 370 patients with watery diarrhea,only 189 (51.1％) patients were prescribed with rehydration therapy,which was different with the recommendation of Manatsathit guideline (x2 =239.600,P＜0.01).Of the 216 patients who received rehydration therapy,144 (66.7％) cases should be prescribed with oral rehydration salts (ORS) and 72 cases should be prescribed with intravenous fluid replacement according to Manatsathit guideline.However,only 31 (14.4％) were prescribed ORS and up to185 (85.6％) patients received intravenous fluid replacement instead (bothx2 =122.700; both P＜0.01).On the basis of the guidelines,only 76 (19.0％) patients were eligible to use antibiotics.However,up to 258 (64.5％) patients were treated with antibiotics,which was absolutely against the recommendation of Manatsathit guideline (x2 =170.300,P＜0.01).Conclusions There are deep gaps between the clinical practice of treatment for acute diarrhea in adults in various levels of hospitals in Shaanxi Province and the recommendation of Manatsathit guideline.It is imperative to make domestic guidelines for adult acute diarrhea and to widely train physicians with algorithm for the management of adult acute diarrhea.

The clinical treatment of large-area trauma or intractable wound is very difficult. Finding a suitable wound dressing is very important for wound healing. Stem cells can secrete and express a variety of cytokines necessary for wound healing, and can grow and proliferate for a long time in three-dimensional (3D) scaffold materials to maintain their proper structure and function. A large number of studies have shown that transplanting stem cells-3D scaffold complex into the skin wound in the form of a moist dressing can significantly improve the efficiency of stem cells transplantation, shorten the wound healing time, and reduce scar formation. Stem cells-scaffold complex are likely to be a good wound dressing. This article mainly summarizes the selection of wound dressing and the research status of stem cells-3D scaffold complex as a wound dressing, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of stem cells-3D scaffold complex.

目的分析脊髓损伤患者的心理特点,指导临床心理护理。方法采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)对86例脊髓损伤住院患者进行评定,根据得分高低分别归纳出焦虑和抑郁的主要表现,并制定有针对性的心理护理计划。结果与结论74.4%的患者有焦虑情绪,77.9%有抑郁情绪。焦虑的主要表现为夜间睡眠不好、常常要小便、手脚常常湿冷、不容易安静坐着、觉得会发生什么不幸等,抑郁的主要表现为性功能障碍、做事情感到困难、不容易下决定、生活无意义、吃饭比平时减少等。脊髓损伤患者普遍存在抑郁及焦虑情绪 ,应有针对性地进行心理康复护理。

The morphology and anatomy of two genera, five species and one variety ofEquisetaceae produced in Shandong Province were studied under light and scanning electron microscope.There are remarkble differences between Equisetum L. and Hippochatete Milde in the type of stomas, at-tachments on the surface of stoma guard cells and the number of epithelial layers; and the presence of lat-eral xylem in all vasular bundle of Equisetaceae from Shandong. The results showed that they can be identi-fied taxonomically according to their inner structual and epidermal characteristics of stem between differentgenera, but with little difference among species of same genus.

Objective This study intends to evaluate different acoustic windows that can be used to obtain the midsagittal plane of fetal brain during abdominal ultrasound scanning and the application of acoustic windows in practice.Methods The midsagittal planes were obtained respectively through anterior fontanel,posterior fontanel,sagittal suture and forehead seam of 12 aborted fetuses,and feasible acoustic windows were used as standard acoustic windows to obtain midsagittal planes of second trimester screening fetuses,which were divided into two groups according to the position of fetal brain,cephalic presentation group (367 cases) and non-cephalic presentation group (384 cases).The success rates were compared between groups.Results Of the second trimester fetuses,497 midsagittal planes of 751 cases were successfully obtained.The success rate of the cephalic presentation fetuses (32.7％,120/367) was statistically lower than that of the non-cephalic presentation fetuses (98.2％,377/384,P ＜ 0.01).Of the cephalic presentation fetuses,the combined acoustic windows acquisition success rate of the forehead,anterior fontanelle,sagittal suture and posterior fontanel acoustic window was 32.7％ (32.7％,120/367),significantly higher than the single acquisition success rate of the forehead,anterior fontanelle,sagittal suture and posterior fontanel acoustic window (17.2％,25.9％,1.6％ and 7.6％,all P ＜ 0.01).Of the non-cephalic presentation fetuses,the combined acoustic windows acquisition success rate of the forehead,sagittal suture and posterior fontanel acoustic window was 98.2％ (98.2％,377/384),significantly higher than the single acquisition success rate of the forehead,anterior fontanelle,sagittal suture and posterior fontanel acoustic window (31.8％,61.2％,64.8％ and 62.0％,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The midsagittal plane of fetal brain can be obtained through forehead seam,anterior fontanel,posterior fontanel and sagittal suture acoustic windows in transabdominal screening.The combination of four acoustic windows can increase the success rate of obtaining midsagittal planes.

OBJECTIVE To obtain the primary differential items between bacillary dysentery and other infectious diarrhea through risk factor analysis.METHODS The epidemiology and clinical manifestation of 138 bacillary dysentery patients and 205 other infectious diarrhea patients were investigated.The Logistic regression was used to screen the correlation factors to differentiate bacillary dysentery from other infectious diarrhea.RESULTS The mean temperature of bacillary dysentery patients was(38.4?0.7)℃,while that of other infectious diarrhea was(38.1?0.6)℃(P=0.023).Bacillary dysentery patients with tenesmus and mucous stool were 34.1% and 55.8%,respectively but of 11.7% and 1.5% of other infectious diarrhea patients(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of mind mapping-oriented health education on patient's fluid intake during hemodialysis intervals. Methods From June 2015 to April 2016, 72 patients with poor compliance with fluid intake were randomly divided into control group (n=36) and observation group (n=36). In the control group, routine health education was used and the observation group was treated with mind mapping-oriented health education. The two groups were compared before intervention and 6 months after that in terms of compliance with fluid intake and daily fluid intake, ultrafiltration volume and body weight gain/dry weight ratio and incidence of complications. Results In the observation group, the fluid intake compliance, daily fluid intake, ultrafiltration volume and body weight gain/dry weight ratio 6 months after intervention were superior to those of the control group (all P<0.05). The incidences of complications such as hypotension, hypertension, muscle spasms and cardiac arrhythmia were also significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The health education based on mind mapping is helpful to enhance the degree of cognition of fluid intake compliance, improve self-efficacy of chronic diseases, control the growth of body weight during dialysis and reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective To observe effects of acupuncture on different traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome types in patients with apoplectic hemiplegia.Methods 57 cases of apoplectic hemiplegia were divided into the Qi deficiency with blood stagnation group(35 cases) and blockage of the meridians and collaterals by phlegm and blood group(22 cases).All patients were treated by scalp acupuncture combined with body acupuncture.The clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated according to the scores of manner,speech,motor function of limbs,and so on.Results In the Qi deficiency and blood stagnation group,2 cases were basically cured,17 were remarkably effective,12 were effective,with a total effective rate of 88.6%;while,in the blockage of the meridians and collaterals by phlegm and blood group,3 cases were basically cured,14 were remarkably effective,3 were effective,with a total effective rate of 90.9%.There was a significant difference between the two groups in clinical remarkably effective rate(P<0.01),but no difference in total effective rate( P>0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture can obviously improve the consciousness,language and limb function of patients with apoplectic hemiplegia.The effective rate of type of blockage of the meridians and collaterals by phlegm and blood is superior to type of Qi deficiency with blood stagnation.