Adult ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; blood ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Electrophoresis, Paper ; Female ; Hemoglobin A ; analysis ; Humans ; Male

Objective To understand the psychological experience of primary caregivers of patients with cancer-related pain,care to focus on caregivers psychological health, improve life quality and ability to cope with pain. Methods A qualitative, descriptive, semi-structured research were used in this study. Nineteen primary caregivers of cancer patients with cancer-related pain were in-depth interviewed. Colaizzi′s analytical method was adopted to analyze the data, which were then organized into themes and subthemes. Results The primary caregivers confronting cancer-related pain experienced a series of negative psychological changes, worry, fear, anxiety, vexation, sadness, helplessness and powerlessness, their physical and mental health, life were also affected .The primary caregivers were lack of pain related knowledge and pain management skills generally. Conclusion Medical staff should pay high attention to the psychology status of primary caregivers, to provide support, health education and skill training of pain coping strategies, which then might help relieve cancer patients′pain and in turn improve their quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the effect of operation associated with uterine arerial chemotherapy and embolization preoperation.Methods 31 patients with pathologically confirmed cervical carcinoma were treated with interventional therapy,followed by uterectomyandpelvic lymphadenectomy.Results Curative effect was obvious.The lymph metastasis of Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage was 12% and 66.67%respectively.27 patients followedup for 3 years,23 were survived(85.19%).Conclusion For cervical carcinoma,before operation,the interventional therapy can reduce the size of tumor and the metastasis of lymph,improve the ectomy by operation and the survival rate.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of psychological distress and analyze the relevant factors among patients with bladder tumor so as to provide evidence for future clinical practice. Methods Totally 128 patients were recruited from a urological surgery ward of a comprehensive hospital in Beijing in the study by using self-design questionnaire and the psychological distress thermometer (DT) recommended by the U.S. national comprehensive cancer network (NCCN). The acquired data were analyzed by SPSS17.0. Results The average score of the patients was 4.00(1.00~5.00). The identification rate of psychological stress was 55.47%( 71/128 ) , higher than the Chinese normal ( U = 8 . 28 , P < 0 . 05 ) . The relevant factors of psychological stress based on the rank from high to low scores included emotion problems ( 1 . 63 ± 0 . 67 ) , practical problems ( 1 . 42 ± 0 . 64 ) , communication problems (1.29 ± 0.65), physical problems (1.28 ± 0.33) and religion problems (1.00 ± 0.08). Conclusions The prevalence of psychological distress is higher among patients with bladder tumor and the influence factors mainly include emotional problems , practical problems and communication problems. Nurses should pay attention to the psychological distress of patients with bladder tumors and develop targeted interventions so as to relieve their distress.

Objective To investigate the role of surfactant protein (SP)-A and SP-D in urinary tract infection mouse model,and evaluate the effects of SP-A and SP-D absence on urinary tract infection.Methods SP-A and SP-D double knockout (SP-A/D KO) mice were made.SP-A/D KO and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 female mice were used for this study.The expression of SP-A and SP-D in kidney was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC).The levels of p-p38 and p38 protein in kidneys were measured by Western blotting.Uropathogenic Escherichia coli or buffer was delivered into the bladder of female mice.At 24 and 48 h after inoculation,CFU of Escherichia coli in the kidney and urine of the treated and control mice were measured.Histological,cellular and molecular analysis were performed by several methods of H/E staining,IHC and Western blotting.The effects of SP-A and SP-D on bacterial growth were studied in vitro.Results SP-A and SP-D in kidney were located in the proximal tubules and collecting tubules.Compared with WT mice,infected SP-A/D KO mice with UPEC had higher CFU in kidneys and urine at 24 h and 48 h,increased inflammatory cells infiltration in kidneys (P＜0.05).Compared with WT mice,SP-A/D KO mice had higher p38 MAPK phosphorylation levels in kidneys (P ＜ 0.05).Growth of Escherichia coli was greatly inhibited by both SP-A and SP-D (P＜0.05).Conclusions Both SP-A and SP-D are expressed in kidney.SP-A and SP-D can attenuate UTI induced by UPEC which may be through inhibiting bacterial growth and modulating renal inflammation.

Objective To evaluate diagnostic significance of renal arteriography by injecting adrenalin in patients with renal tumour.Methods The renal angiography after administration of adrenalin (6 ?g) in 47 patients with renal malign ant tumour were performed.The angiographic results were analysed in comparison with that of pathology.The diagnostic accuracy parameters including sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive prediction rate,negative prediction rate,positive and negative index were caluclated.Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the detection of renal malign ant tumour were 93% ,94% and 94% respectively. Positive prediction rate were 97%,negative prediction rate was 89%, positive likelihood rate was 15.8, negative likelihood rate was 0.07 and Youden index was 0.87.Conclusion Medicaments angiography by injecting adrenalin is of important diagnostic value for renal tumour,especially for those which are vascularized and could not diagnosed by other technology qualitatively.

Objective To introduce the method and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of collagenase chemonucleolysis for treatment of cervical disc herniation.Methods 92 patients with cervical herniated discs were selected from January 2002 to December 2004.The procedure was guided by DSA and the puncture was defined from C_(6~7) or C_7-T_1 extradural cavity.Collagenase(1200~2400 u) was injcted in the herniated extradural cavity through the micrcatheter.Results The procedure of 88 cases was successful.80 cases were followed up from 6 to 12 months.The effect showed that 70 cases(87.5%) were excellent or good.No serious complication occurred.Conclusion The method of collagenase chemonucleolysis for treating cervical disc herniation is safe and effective,it can be used in clinic.

Aim To investigate the effect of spinal substance P on the antinociceptive propoties of ketamine. Methods Using behaviors and Fos expression technique,the effects of intrathecal administration (it) of substance P of different dose on the ketamine induced antinociception were observed in the formalin test of mice. Results Compared with NS group, the amount of time that mice spent licking the injected paw was dose-dependently decreased in 20 and 30 mg?kg -1 groups(P

Objective To study the course of different cervical nerve segments and their related intervertebral foramen’s size so as to increase safety and decrease complications in microinvasive surgery for cervical syndrome. Methods Fifteen human cervical specimens (30 sides) were anatomically observed for the course, branches and distribution of cervical nerves. Results The diameter of intervertebral foramen ranges from 0.54 to 0.65 cm, and increases gradually from top to bottom. The vertical diameter and anteroposterior diameter between C4, C5 and C6 vertebrae are smaller, and those between C3 and C7 are larger, but the diameter line of nerve root in intervertebral foramen from up to down gradually increases. The anteversion angle between nerve root and spine cord on horizontal plane is from 15? to 19?, within a small variation, while the declination angle on coronal plane gradually decreases from C3 to C7. There exist plenty of anastomosis branches among the cervical dorsal rami. Conclusion In the range of 0.6 cm around articular process at the entrance of intervertebral foramen, it is the narrowest part, the removal of which may alleviate the pressure on nerve root and benefit spinal stability. Because of the general existence of anastomosis branches of cervical nerve, the symptoms of cervical syndrome are not completely consistent to innervation. The intervertebral foramen between C4, C5, C6 is relatively small and the diameter line of nerve root is comparatively large, so the nerve root at C4, C5, C6 is most likely to be pressed.

Objective To summarize the imaging characteristics and clinical diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) examination in colon cancer combined with obstruction.Methods The clinical data of 33 patients with colon cancer combined with obstruction who were admitted to the Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital from June 2012 to March 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients received abdomianl plain scan and dualphase enhanced scan of CT,and the imaging data were summarized.Results Of 33 patients with colon cancer combined with obstruction,obstruction was located at the ascending colon in 9 patients,hepatic flexure of the colon in 2 patients,colon transverse in 7 patients,splenic flexure of the colon in 3 patients,descending colon in 3 patients,sigmoid colon in 7 patients and proctosigmoid in 2 patients.Thirty-three patients had irregular and thickened colonic wall at the obstructive segment and irregular constriction of colonic lumen,with a mean coloric wall thickness of 1.9 cm (range,0.6-3.2 cm).The length of constriction was 2.0-3.0 cm in 3 patients,3.1-4.0 cm in 3 patients,4.1-5.0 cm in 11 patients,5.1-8.0 cm in 12 patients and more than 8.0 cm in 4 patients.The mean length,diameter and mean diameter of the constriction of 33 patients were 5.8 cm,0-0.5 cm and 0.2 cm.The performance at the junction of the normal wall and the stenosis was scuff syndrome in 7 patients and shoulder symptoms in 5 patients.Colonic dilatation above the obstructive segment was detected in 26 patients with multiple gas-fluid levels and in 7 patients with mainly gas.Twenty-nine patients had colonic dilatation at the proximal end of obstruction with the diameter of right colonic dilatation of 6.0 cm,diameter of left colonic dilatation of 4.0 cm and colonic collapse at the distal end of obstruction.Thirty-three patients had different grades of cecal dilatation with a mean diameter of 6.9 cm.Three patients had ischemic colitis including 1 patient with colonic perforation and free underarm gas.The serosal invasion or organ involvement of colon cancer was detected in 25 patients with unclear boundary and cable-strip or nodular opacities.Fourteen patients had lymph node metastases,with surrounding tumor or retroperitoneal heterogeneous enhancement,sacvariable necrosis area,short-tempered edge of lymph node,bar-type exudation surrounding some of lymph node.There was 3 patients with hepatic metastases and 1 with pulmonary metastasis.Conclusion Irregular and thickened colonic wall,irregular constriction of colonic lumen,scuff syndrome and shoulder symptoms at the junction of the normal wall,colonic dilatation above the obstructive segment and multiple gas-fluid levels are mainly characterics of CT examination for colon cancer combined with obstruction.