Objective To evaluate the effect of operation associated with uterine arerial chemotherapy and embolization preoperation.Methods 31 patients with pathologically confirmed cervical carcinoma were treated with interventional therapy,followed by uterectomyandpelvic lymphadenectomy.Results Curative effect was obvious.The lymph metastasis of Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage was 12% and 66.67%respectively.27 patients followedup for 3 years,23 were survived(85.19%).Conclusion For cervical carcinoma,before operation,the interventional therapy can reduce the size of tumor and the metastasis of lymph,improve the ectomy by operation and the survival rate.

Objective To introduce the method and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of collagenase chemonucleolysis for treatment of cervical disc herniation.Methods 92 patients with cervical herniated discs were selected from January 2002 to December 2004.The procedure was guided by DSA and the puncture was defined from C_(6~7) or C_7-T_1 extradural cavity.Collagenase(1200~2400 u) was injcted in the herniated extradural cavity through the micrcatheter.Results The procedure of 88 cases was successful.80 cases were followed up from 6 to 12 months.The effect showed that 70 cases(87.5%) were excellent or good.No serious complication occurred.Conclusion The method of collagenase chemonucleolysis for treating cervical disc herniation is safe and effective,it can be used in clinic.

Objective To determine the optimal injection dose of ozone for the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion.Methods A total of 240 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion were randomly and equally divided into four groups,with 60 patients in each group.Under CT guidance intervertebral injection of ozone was performed.The injection dose of ozone(50 ug/ml)used for patients in group A,B,C and D was 10 ml,20 ml,30 ml and 40 ml respectively.Immediately after the procedure CT scanning was made to check the result. A follow-up lasting 6-12 months was carried out.Clinical observation,including the ablation degree of the nucleus puiposus,the therapeutic results and the adverse reactions,was conducted.The results were statistically analyzed and compared among the four groups.Results A significant difference in the therapeutic effect existed between group A(10 ml)and other three groups(P＜0.05),while no significant difference in the therapeutic effect existed among group B(20 ml),group C(30 ml)and group D(40 ml),with P＞0.05.The occurrence of complications was increasing with the injection dose used.Conclusion The optimal injection dose of ozone for the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion is 20 ml.

Objective To evaluate the effect of aldosterone (Ald) on glomerular mesangial cells apoptosis and to explore the possible mechanisms.Methods Twenty-four Sprngue-Dawley rats were subcutaneously embedded with osmotic mini-pumps and randomly divided into 3 groups.Aldosterone (1.5 μg/h) was administrated subcutaneouly by osmotic mini-pumps in Ald group,eplerenone (Epl,100 mg·kg-1·d-1) and Ald (1.5 μg/h) was given to Epl group.And normal saline was used in control group (Con group).Systolic blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) were detected on day 0,7,14,21,28.Blood and kidney samples were harvested on day 28.Plasma creatinine,potassium and aldosterone were measured.Renal paraffin sections were stained by PAS and the morphological changes were evaluated by light microscopy.Apoptosis index of mesangial cells were detected by TUNEL assay.The glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) were cultured in a DMEM-F12 media.MCs apoptosis was evaluated by staining cells with Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) using flow cytometer.Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA was examined by RT-PCR.The protein level of Bad or phospho-Bad was measured by Western blotting.Results Ald-infused rats developed hyperaldosteronemia and hypokalemia.Rats in Ald group exhibited significant hypertension and marked albuminuria.Ald group rats showed increased number of TUNEL-positive mesangial cells when compared with control rats (P＜0.05).Aldosterone induced mesangial cells apoptosis in a time-dependent manner.Expression of Bcl-2 mRNA was decreased but Bax mRNA was increased in aldosterone treated MCs compared to that in Con group (P＜0.05).Aldosterone promoted dephosphorylation of cytosolic phospho-Bad compared with vehicle treated cells (P＜ 0.05).However,eplerenone attenuated these effects of aldosterone.Conclusion Aldosterone directly promotes mesangial cells apoptosis,and eplerenone can attenuate this effect of aldosterone.Dephosphorylation of cytosolic phospho-Bad may be the key role in the progression of mesangial cells apoptosis induced by aldosterone.

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin 1-7(Ang 1-7) on renal proximal tubular epithelial cell(HK-2) transdifferentiation induced by high glucose.Methods All the raised HK-2 cells were divided into 5 groups: normal control group,high glucose group,high glucose with Ang1-7 group,high glucose with Ang1-7 and A779 group,high glucose with pioglitazone group.Expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ) and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) was detected by Western blotting,real-time PCR and immunofluorescence.Results The levels of PPAR-γ protein and mRNA in HK-2 cells were significantly increased after treatment with high glucose and Ang 1-7.Expression of α-SMA protein and mRNA was inhibited remarkably after treatment with high glucose and Ang 1-7.These effects of Ang 1-7 on HK-2 cells could be reversed by Mas receptor antagonist A779.Conclusion Ang 1-7 inhibits high glucose-induced expression of o-SMA in HK-2 cells,which is in part through the Mas.

Objective To investigate the effect of surfactant protein D(SP-D)overexpression on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)expression in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2)and its mechanism. Methods HK-2 cells were treated with LPS at various concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 2, 5, 10 mg/L)for 8 h and at 5 mg/L for various time points(0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 h). Expression of SP-D was detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR. Expression of MCP-1 was determined by ELISA and real-time PCR. Human SP-D cDNA eukaryotic expression vector pEE14-hSP-D was transfected to HK-2 cells. The changes in transfected cells of SP-D protein were observed by Western blotting. Expression of MCP-1 was detected by ELJSA and real-time PCR. Results SP-D was expressed in HK-2 cells. The levels of SP-D protein and mRNA in HK-2 cells were significantly decreased after treatment with LPS(P<0.05). Expression of MCP-1 protein and mRNA was increased remarkably after treatment with LPS(P<0.05). HK-2 cells transfected with pEE14-hSP-D showed up-regulated expression of SP-D. The overexpression of SP-D inhibited the LPS-inducedexpression of MCP-1(P<0.01). Conclusions SP-D inhibits LPS-induced expression of MCP-1 in HK-2 cells. SP-D may play an important role in the modulation of renal inflammation.

Objective To evaluate diagnostic significance of renal arteriography by injecting adrenalin in patients with renal tumour.Methods The renal angiography after administration of adrenalin (6 ?g) in 47 patients with renal malign ant tumour were performed.The angiographic results were analysed in comparison with that of pathology.The diagnostic accuracy parameters including sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive prediction rate,negative prediction rate,positive and negative index were caluclated.Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the detection of renal malign ant tumour were 93% ,94% and 94% respectively. Positive prediction rate were 97%,negative prediction rate was 89%, positive likelihood rate was 15.8, negative likelihood rate was 0.07 and Youden index was 0.87.Conclusion Medicaments angiography by injecting adrenalin is of important diagnostic value for renal tumour,especially for those which are vascularized and could not diagnosed by other technology qualitatively.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of Ang Ⅱ on apoptosis of podocytes and explore the signaling pathwayof nephrin in preventingAng Ⅱ-inducedpodocyte apoptosis.MethodsDifferentiated mouse podocytes were exposed to Ang Ⅱ at different concentrations for 18 h or at 10-8 mol/L for variable incubation times.Undifferentiated mouse pedocytes were transfected using lipofectamine 2000 with the pcDNA3.1-mNPHS1 plasmid and stably transfected cell lines were generated with G418 selection.In separated experiments,untransfected mouse podocytes (MPC) and stably transfected podocytes with pcDNA3.1-neo and PcDNA3.1-mNPHS1 were exposed toAng Ⅱ(10-8 mol/L) or LY294002(a selective Akt inhibitor,50 μmol/L) for indicated times.Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry.The expression of nephrin was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR,immunofluorescence and Western blotting.The phosphorylation level of Akt was determined by Westem blotting.Results(1) AngⅡ promoted podocyte apoptosis in a dose-and time-dependentmanner. PretreatmentwithlosartansignificantlypreventedAngⅡ -induced apoptosis. (2) Nephfin mRNA and protein were obviously decreased in podocytes exposed to 10-8 mol/L Ang Ⅱ for at least 12 h than those in vehicle-treated cells (P＜0.05).(3) Ang Ⅱ exposure for more than 15 min inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT in MPC,which was dramatically reversed by pcDNA3.1-mNPHS1 transfection,but not by pcDNA3.1-neo transfection. (4) Podocyte apoptosis was promoted byLY294002. Conversely,Ang Ⅱ-induced podocyteapoptosis was significantly alleviated by pcDNA3.1-mNPHS1 transfection.ConclusionAng Ⅱinduces mouse podocyte apoptosis which is suppressed by overexpression of nephrin through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether aldosterone infusion induces glomerular or podocyte injury in rats and to evaluate the effects of eplerenoen (EPL), andodipine (CCB) and telmisartan (ARB) on aldosterone- induced injury. MethodsThirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: control, subcutaneous infusion of aldosterone (1.5 μg/h, ALD group) and aldosterone infusion plus eplerenone (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, EPL group), amlodipine(10 nag·kg-1·d-1 CCB group), telmisartan (3 mg·kg-1·d-1, ARB group), respectively. Systolic blood pressure(SBP) and urinary albumin excretion ratio(UAER) were measured at day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28. Blood samples were harvested to detect plasma angiotensin Ⅱ, plasma aldosterone, serum sodium, serum potassium and serum creatinine at day 28. Glomerular damge was quantified by morphological glomerular injury score (GIS). Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were performed to evaluate podocyte lesion, and apoptosis ratio of pedocyte (ARP) in a glomerular cross section was analyzed by TUNEL. ResultsALD infusion progressively increased SBP and UAER compared with CTL (P＜0.01). SBP was significantly reduced in EPL, CCB or ARB-treated animals, meanwhile, UAER was decreased in EPL and ARB group, but not in CCB group. The ALD-infused rats exibited hypernatremia and hypopotassaemia, which were blocked by EPL adminstration but not by CCB or ARB treatment. ARB group had a significant increase in plasma angiotensin Ⅱ compared with ALD, CCB and EPL groups(P＜0.01). The ALD-infused animals developed hyperaldosteronemia compared with CTL, but with no difference of plasma aldosterone among ALD, EPL, CCB and ARB-treated rats. Treatment with EPL prevented an increase of GIS and ARP compared with CCB and ARB (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). Protein and mRNA expression of nephfin was up-regulated in ALD group (P＜ 0.01), but was significantly prevented by EPL treatment(P＜0.01), whereas CCB and ARB therapy had no such effect. Conclusion ALD infusion significantly induces glomerular and pedocyte injury which is blocked by EPL but not by CCB or ARB independently on systemic hemodynamics.

Objective To study the relationship between the CT value and injury of ultrastructure in posttraumatic acute diffuse brain swelling(PADBS). Methods The change of CT value of brain tissue was analyzed at posttrauma and preoperation in 9 patients, in combination with the ultrastructure in brain parenchyma in 36 specimen taken from operations. The relationship between the descend of CT value and ultrastructure injury was analysed.Results The CT value of brain in preoperation was lower than it in posttrauma first scanning(2.5～4.3 HU).The capillary distention and stenosis and the diffuse edema in pericapillary and intercellular were observed under transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The nucleolus of neuronal cells displaced to membrane or disappeard. Chromation agglutionation, nuclear membrane circuity, perinuclear diffuse lipid drops and blankspace were detected. The mitochondrion swelling, mitochondrial crest blurring or effacement, rough endoplasmic reticulum distension and its’ granules detachmen were also seen under TEM. Axolemma edema, microfilaments and microtubules derangement in axis-cylinder were found too. The similar phenomena existed in astrocyte.Conclusion The descent of CT value in PADBS was relevant to the aggravation of vasogenic cerebral edema, cytotoxic cerebral edema and ultrastructure injury in brain parenchyma.