0.05), but there is great difference in contamination degrees among different public buildings(P

Objective To study the expressions of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in liver injury of acute liver failure (ALF) in rats and the role of PD-1/ PD-L1 in liver inflammatory injury. Methods SD rats were divided into two groups: 6 in normal group and 30 in ALF model group. The ALF models in rats were induced by D-galactosamine (D-Gal). The sera and hepatic tissue samples were collected at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 120 hours after D-Gal injection. Expressions of PD-1 mRNA and PD-L1 mRNA in hepatic tissue samples were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Comparison of measurement data between groups was done by t test. Correlation test was performed using Pearson linear correlation analysis. Results The levels of alanine animotransferase (ALT) and aspartate animotransferase (AST) at 12 h of D-Gal injection were (217. 3±33. 7) U/L and (397. 2± 101.3) U/L, respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in normal group [(30. 5 ±3. 1) U/L and (78. 6±4.2) U/L, respectively; t=-8. 921 and -6. 121, respectively; both P＜0.01] and peaked at 48 h.The expression of PD-1 mRNA in model group at 12 h (0. 385±0. 074) was significantly higher than that in normal group (0. 097±0.009) (t= -7. 725, P＜0.01) , and peaked at 48 h (0. 927±0. 132),then decreased obviously at 72 h. The expression of PD-L1 mRNA in the liver tissue of normal rats was very little, while that in model group was increased gradually over time, then peaked at 48 h (0. 593±0. 105; t =- 10. 076, P＜0. 01). The expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 were positively correlated with ALT level (r=0. 807 and 0. 792, respectively; both P＜0. 01). Conclusion The expressions of PD-1/PD-L1 may play an important role in liver inflammatory injury in rat model of acute liver failure.

A series of surveillance and management actions was taken to minimize out-of-plan re-operations. These actions include: 1) Building and completing the surveillance and management mechanism against unplanned re-operations; 2) Building a real-time surveillance and reporting mechanism; 3) Enhancing quality control and continuous improvement at the operating departments; 4) Enhancing the supervision on regulations implementation by quality control departments of the hospital; 5) Enhancing quality control for medical records; 6) Building a feedback mechanism for surveillance results; 7) Building a penalty and reward mechanism. Efforts for one year and a half on such surveillance and management proved successful, as the incidence of out-of-plan re-operations fell from 1.7% before these actions to 1.0% afterwards.

Objective To observe the changes of blood lipid and intestinal short-chain fatty acids in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by high-fat diet,and to explore the role of intestinal short-chain fatty acids in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.Methods Male SD rats (n =12) were randomly divided into control group and high-fat group according to the random number table.The control group was fed with normal diet,while the high-fat group was fed with high-fat diet.The rats were sacrificed at the end of eighth week after experiment.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the liver in the two groups,the changes in serum lipid profile were measured,and the changes of the contents of feces short-chain fatty acids in the two groups of rats were determined by gas chromatography.Results The levels of serum alanine transaminase [(139.6 ± 17.29) U/L vs.(37.67 ±5.28) U/L],aspartate transaminase [(367 ±49.36) U/Lvs.(97.67 ±13.92) U/L],triglyceride [(0.83±0.08) mmol/Lvs.(0.60± 0.04) mmol/L],totalcholesterol [(6.34±0.53) mmol/Lvs.(1.77±0.29) mmol/L],andvery-lowdensity lipoprotein [(0.31 ±0.03) mmol/L vs.(0.22 ±0.01) mmol/L] in the high-fat group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the contents of acetic acid,propionic acid and total short-chain fatty acids in the high-fat group were significantly lower [(0.16 ± 0.03) ng/μlvs.(0.21±0.04) ng/μl;(0.05±0.01) ng/μlvs.(0.08±0.01) ng/μl;(0.25±0.05) ng/μl vs.(0.33 ± 0.05) ng/μl;all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The level of intestinal short-chain fatty acids is reduced in the NAFLD rats induced by high-fat diet.Monitoring of feces short-chain fatty acids may play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.

Objective To evaluate specific clinical and imaging features of osteogenesis imperfecta V and to improve diagnostic accuracy of this disease. Methods Data of 15 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta type V were retrospectively analyzed for their clinical and imaging features. There were 10 males and 5 females, aged from 1 year and 30 years old (median age,12.5 years ). All 15 patients had plain X-ray, and 4 of 15 had CT. All data were analyzed by 3 experienced deputy chief doctors in OI according to OI V standard. Results X-ray:calcification of the interosseous membrane between radius-ulna was detected in all patients and calcification of the interosseous membrane between tibia-fibula was detected in 2 of 15 patients. Dislocation of the radial head was seen in 13 of 15 patients,bilateral in 9 and utilateral in 4.All patients showed restriction in the pronation and supination of the forearm and restricton in the flexion and extention of the elbow joint. Patients with dislocation of raidal head were associated with large coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna. Hyperplastic callus of the extremities were detected in 7 of 15 patients (7 at femur , 3 at humerus, 1 at tibia.In early stage, hyperplastic callus showed thin cortice, and clear boundares with the diaphysis showing and low density, irregular, mesh-like lamellation inside. In the later stage, there were dense calcification inside hyperplastic callus, and no difference in density with the diaphysis. Diaphysis surrounded by hyperplastic callus had clear boundaries with the hyperplastic callus. No cortical destruction was detected. CT:there were sparse needle-dot calcification inside hyperplastic callus, with the patterns of granular, ring-and-arch,irregular streaky mineralization. The cross section of proximal femoral shaft showed irregular shape , flat square shape and tiny medullary cavity, with no calcification on the edge of hyperplastic callus. CT value:-91 HU inside hyperplastic callus; 283 HU in femoral shaft. Conclusions Interosseous membrane between radius-ulna or tibia-fibula, hyperplastic callus ,dislocation of the radial head are specific features in osteogenesis imperfecta V. X-ray can make a definitive diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta V. CT scan is helpful in the differential diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta V from osteosarcoma.

Objective To understand the detection rate of hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and the occurrence of abnormal thyroid function in medical examination population in Huanghua City,Hebei Province.Methods Using the retrospective analysis method,the thyroid examination data of residents of Huanghua City who were examined in the Cangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Hebei Province from 2014 to 2016 were collected,the detection rate of HT and the occurrence of abnormal thyroid function were analyzed.Results A total of 4 413 people were examined,aged (45.76 ± 10.13) years old;including 2 099 males and 2 314 females.The HT detection rate of the medical examination population in Huanghua City was 6.55％ (289/4 413),and there was a trend of increasing year by year (x2trend =7.126,P ＜ 0.05).The difference in HT detection rates between different genders (male:2.86％,famale:9.90％) was statistically significant (x2 =89.077,P ＜ 0.05);there was a statistically significant difference in the HT detection rates among women of different age groups (x2 =18.541,P ＜ 0.05),and there was no significant difference in the detection rates of HT among men of different age groups (x2 =8.424,P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of abnormal thyroid function in HT patients was 25.61％ (74/289),of which the highest detection rate was 34.74％ (33/95) in the 40-＜ 50 years old group;the detection rates of HT with hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were 3.11％ (9/289),6.57％ (19/289) and 15.92％ (46/289),respectively.The detection rate of HT with subclinical hypothyroidism was higher.Conclusions The HT detection rate of the population in Huanghua City has increased year by year,and some HT patients are associated with abnormal thyroid function,and their detection rate of HT with subclinical hypothyroidism is the highest.Early diagnosis of HT should be strengthened,and appropriate prevention and treatment measures should be taken in time to reduce the occurrence of HT with abnormal thyroid function.

We developed a three-dimensional mini-type permanent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device in our lab. The purposes of this study were (1) for further development of MRI technologies, (2) for support of broadening practices of animal test modeling in medical research, and (3) for training more specialists from colleges or universities in the field of MRI. This paper describes the research and development at our lab(s), especially stressing on the design of the main magnet, the gradient coil and the radio frequency coil. In addition, the specific methodologies used in our lab(s) and the related data are emphasized. The 3D MRI technologies have met the needs of using small animals, super thin sections of live animal body and high imaging resolutions. MRI images of mice head and abdominal have been obtained successfully by using the imager that we developed. The imaging results and analyses have also been discussed.
Animals ; Equipment Design ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; instrumentation ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Mice

Since the implementation of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health in November 2007, it has played an extremely important role in protecting the occupational health of radiation workers. There are more than 700 000 radiation workers in about 100 000 workplaces with potential radiation exposure, as well as a large number of miners exposed to high levels of radon. As the radiation health monitoring project suggests, measures of occupational health management such as personal dose monitoring and occupational health examination of radiation workers have been widely implemented and achieved good results in the protection of radiation workers. However, the risks of chromosomal aberration and specific turbidity of the eye lens of radiation workers have increased in high-risk positions such as interventional radiology, nuclear medicine, and industrial flaw detection. The control of high radon exposure in miners needs to be strengthened. It is necessary to adapt to the new situation in view of new challenges and actively promote the revision of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health, so as to further improve the occupational health management of radiation workers in China.