Objective To investigate the influence of tissue-specific growth hormone receptor (GHR)deficiency in type 1 diabetes in the mice at the gene level using pancreaticβcells combined with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes model.Methods The experiment was divided into four groups:knockout mice group (LLc knockout group), using the homozygotes (LLc:LL+Cre) producted by pancreaticβ cell-specific expressed recombinant enzyme mice (RIP-Cre)and Cre-LoxP system modified GHR mice (Floxed,LL);LL control group, containing Floxed GHR allele homozygous mice (LL);LLc STZ group and LL STZ group (STZ was used for inducing type 1 diabetes model mice). The mice with feeding glucose≥25 mmol · L-1 were considered to be successful models.The Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT),pancreas tissue HE staining and immunohistochemistry were performed in the mice.Results The blood glucose of the mice in LL STZ group and LLc STZ group and LLc STZ group were increased after inj ection of STZ and the models achieved the diagnostic criteria for diabetes 1 6 d later.The results of GTT showed that compared with LLc control group and LLc knockout group, the blood glucose levels of the mice in LL STZ and LLc STZ groups were increased (P<0.05).There was no significant change of morphology and structure of islets between LL control group and LLc knockout group detected by HE staining. The immunohistochemistry results showed that the insulin level of the mice in LL STZ group was significantly reduced compared with LL control group;the insulin level of the mice in LLc STZ group was reduced compared with LLc control group.Conclusion Pancreaticβcell GHR gene knockout has no effect on the blood glucose and the function ofβcells in the mice with STZ-induced type 1 diabetes.

Objective To study the effect of naringenin(NAR)on myocardial fibrosis in rats with chronic heart failure(CHF)and its mechanism.Methods The rat model of CHF was established and randomly divided into CHF model group(CHF),NAR low dose group(L-NAR),medium dose group(M-NAR)and high dose group(H-NAR),with 10 rats in each group.In addition,sham operation group(Sham)was set up.The cardiac function of rats was detected by ultrasonic electrocardiogram.HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of myocardium.The content of hydroxyproline(HYP)in myocardium was determined by alkaline hydrolysis method,and the content of collagen was calculated.The mRNA expression levels of activin A(Act A)and follistatin(FS)in myocardium were detected by qRT-PCR.The protein expression levels of Act A,FS,Collagen Ⅰ,Collagen Ⅲ,Smad2,Smad3,p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with Sham group,the arrangement of muscle fibers in CHF group was disordered,cells were swollen,and the degree of fibrosis was higher.The left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVEDD),left ventricular end systolic dimension(LVESD),collagen content,and the expression levels of Act A,Collagen I,Collagen Ⅲ,p-Smad2/Smad2,and p-Smad3/Smad3 ratios were significantly increased(P<0.05),The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and FS expression level were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with CHF group,the pathological changes and fibrosis degree of myocardial tissue in M-NAR group and H-NAR group were improved.LVEDD,LVESD,collagen content and the expression levels of Act A,Collagen Ⅰ,Collagen Ⅲ,p-Smad2/Smad2,and p-Smad3/Smad3 ratios were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while LVEF and FS expression levels were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with L-NAR group,medium and high-dose NAR intervention was more effective in improving myocardial fibrosis and Act A/FS system disorder in CHF rats(P<0.05).Conclusion NAR can inhibit myocardial fibrosis in CHF rats,and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of Act A/FS system.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of depression on serum levels of C-reactive protein(CRP)and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and prognosis in liver cancer patients. Methods A total of 251 patients with liver cancer undergoing hepatectomy were enrolled. The hospital anxiety and depression scale( HADS-D) and 9-item patients health questionnaire(PHQ9) were assessed for depression before 3 days for surgery. Patients were divided into depression group(n=95)and non-depression group(n=156) according to the scores. Preoperative serum levels of CRP,hs-CRP,ALT and AST were measured and compared between the depression and non-depression groups. Survival analysis Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the disease-free survival(DFS)and total survival(OS)between the two groups. Results The serum levels of CRP, hs-CRP,ALT and AST in the depression group were significantly higher than those in the non-depression group(P<0. 05). The follow-up of 3. 5-year showed that 164 patients(65 in depression group and 99 in non-depression group)had recurrence or metas-tasis and 47 patients(22 in depression group and 25 in non-depression group) died. The DFS and OS in the depression group were significantly lower than those in the non-depression group(P< 0. 05). Cox multiple regression analysis showed that liver function grading,BCLC staging and depression were independent risk factors for the prognosis of liver cancer. Spearman correlation analysis showed that patients′degree of depression was positively correlated with serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP(P<0. 05),DFS and OS were negatively correlated with serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP(P<0. 05). Conclusion Depression may mediate elevated serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP,maintain inflammatory response in patients,lead to increased liver function damage,elevate levels of ALT and AST,and thus adversely affect the prognosis of patients with liver cancer.