AIM To investigate the effect of tocotrienol rich fraction of palm oil (TRF) on glucose metabolism in atherosclerotic mice and the possible mechanism. METHODS Apolipoprotein E gene deficient(ApoE~(-/-)) mice were divided into 3 groups as model control, TRF 0.05% and 0.2%(W/W) groups. 10% (W/W) fat and 0.2% (W/W) cholesterol were added into the diets to induce atherosclerosis formation. Oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were conducted after mice were treated by TRF for 12 and 14 weeks respectively. Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and insulin levels were measured using corresponding kits. The mRNA expression levels for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ), adiponectin and glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) in white adipose tissue (WAT) were determined by using quantitative real-time PCR. Activation of PPARγ by TRF was tested using luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Compared with the model control group, TRF decreased non-fasting or fasting blood glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity of ApoE~(-/-) mice. Both TRF groups showed decreased levels of triglyceride and free fatty acid. The mRNA level of adiponectin in WAT was up-regulated by (1.73±0.32) times in TRF 0.2% group compared with the control group. Glut4 mRNA level was increased (1.89±0.24) and (2.01±0.61) times compared with control group in TRF 0.05% group and TRF 0.2% group respectively. The fold inductions of TRF on PPARγ-ligand-binding domain, PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 activities were (2.7±0.2), (6.1±0.65) and (5.3±0.1) times compared with DMSO by using luciferase reporter assay. CONCLUSION TRF can improve glucose metabolism in atherosclerotic mice and this effect may be partly due to modulating the activity of PPARγ.

Objective To study the effects of different hypertonic saline (4.5%and 7.5%) in fluid resuscitation on hemodynamics in traumatic rabbits with hemorrhagic shock.Methods Thirty-two healthy rabbits ( male or female, 2.0-3.0 kg body weight) were divided into 4 groups randomly:SHAM group, SWT group ( shock without treatment) , 4.5%group (resuscitation with 4.5% hypertonic saline), and 7.5% group ( resuscitation with 7.5% hypertonic saline), 8 rabbits in each group.The rabbit model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock was established after anesthesia.The fluid used in the two methods of fluid resuscitation was infused into the rabbits at designed times.The hemodynamic data including the left intraventricular systolic pressure ( LVSP) and maximal change rate of left intraventricular pressure ( ±dp/dtmax) were determined at 0 min, 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min.Results (1) The rabbit models of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock were generated successfully.At 30 min, data of SWT in the 4.5%and 7.5%groups had no significant difference through pairwise comparison (P>0.05).(2) The hemodynamic parameters changed similarly during the experiment.At 60 min, the values of the 7.5%group ( LVSP=115.00 ±8.37 mmHg, +dp/dtmax=4.29 ±0.50 mmHg/ms, -dp/dtmax=-3.25 ±0.25 mmHg/ms) were significantly higher than those in the 4.5%group ( ( LVSP=104.14 ±7.73 mmHg, +dp/dtmax=3.35 ±0.39 mmHg/ms, -dp/dtmax=-2.27 ±0.12 mmHg/ms) (P<0.05).At 90 min, the data of the 7.5%group were higher, but statistically not significantly different ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusions Fluid resuscitation can improve the hemodynamic function in traumatic rabbits with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.Comparing with the 4.5%hypertonic saline, 7.5% hypertonic saline can improve the hemodynamic function more apparently.Our results may provide an experimental support for the treatment of clinical patients with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.

Objective To investigate abnormal protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human gastric adenoearcinoma, and further reveal the clinical significance. Method The MMP-9, VEGF and PCNA proteins expression was determined by immunohistochemistry staining in 45 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues, 45 adjacent specimens and 10 normal gastric mucosa tissues via tissue arrays accordingly. The relationship of these protein expression with differentiation degree, development and progression of gastric adenocarcinoma were also analyzed. Results Positive rates of MMP-9, VEGF and PCNA in gastric adenocarcinoma, adjacent specimens and gastric normal mucosa were as follows: MMP-9, 82.2%(37/45), 64.4% (29/45), 30.0% (3/10) (P=0.019); VEGF, 73.3% (33/45), 62.2% (28/45), 30. 0% (3/10) (P=0.029); PCNA,84.4% (38/45), 71.1% (32/45), 10.0% (1/10) ,there were statistically significant difference (P = 0. 001). The positive rates of MMP-9, VEGF and PCNA in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma were as follows: MMP-9,70.0%(7/10), 80. 0% (8/10), 88.0%(22/25), there were statistically significant difference (P=0.015);VEGF, 50.0%(5/10), 60.0% (6/10), 88.0% (22/25), there were statistically significant difference (P =0.000);PCNA, 60.0% (6/10) ,90.0% (9/10) ,92.0% (23/25) ,the difference is significant statistically (P = 0.004). The expression of MMP-9, VEGF and PCNA showed positive relationship with each other by rank correlation analysis (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Tissue arrays technology is effective tool to analyze the expression of cancer related proteins in gastric adenocarcinoma. The expression of MMP-9, VEGF and PCNA proteins participates in the tumorigenesis and development process of gastric adenocarcinoma, and these can be used as indexes to evaluate prognosis in clinical.

Objective To observe the influence of three kinds of mask dressing on the effect of non-invasive ventilation and facial pressure sores. Methods Totally 90 cases of patients with non-invasive ventilation were divided into three groups according to the order of admission, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in three groups used the mask type transparent external dressing, self adhesive soft silicone foam dressing and non adhesive polyurethane foams dressing respectively. The ventilator air leakage, incidence of facial pressure sores and changes of respiratory related physiological indicators were observed. Results The 24 hour air leakage (516.40±22.00) L/min and incidence of facial pressure sores (3.33%) in non adhesive polyurethane foams dressing group were all lower than the other two groups ( P<0.05) . The improvement degree of respiratory rate, heart rate, PaO2 , PaCO2 and other indicators in non adhesive polyurethane foams dressing group were all better than the other two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions The mask type of non adhesive polyurethane foams dressing can significantly reduce the air leakage of non invasive mechanical ventilation and incidence of pressure sores and improve the effect of ventilation obviously.

Objective To investigate the differences in the curative effects between traditional telephone follow-up and medical care combined with WeChat and medical mobile app in adult epilepsy patients with anxiety and depression,analyze the influence factors for the differences from following five aspects: medication compliance, anxiety and depression,quality of life of patients, knowledge of diseases and related behavior correction,satisfaction rate of patients to follow-up and patients' hospital readmission rate. Methods A total of 100 adult epilepsy patients with anxiety and depression in our department from February 2015 to October 2015 were investigated in the study. The patients were divided into observation group and control group by admission order alternates (50 respectively). Patients in control group received traditional telephone follow-up,while patients in observation group were managed using WeChat and medical mobile APP. Medication compliance,anxiety and depression,quality of life of patients,knowledge of diseases and related behavior correction, satisfaction rate of patients to follow-up and number of patients' hospital readmission were compared between two groups at intake time and after 6 months' follow-up. Results Among 100 epilepsy patients, 14 patients were lost and 86 patients were followed up for 6 months. At 6 months' post discharge, medication compliance of patients in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The scores of SAS and SDS in observation group were lower than those in control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The score of QOLIT-31 in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Patients in observation group performed better than patients in control group in diet habit correction, knowledge of training methods, as well as in satisfaction to follow-up and rate of patients' hospital readmission. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Medical care combined with WeChat and medical mobile APP in adult epilepsy patients with anxiety and depression can improve patients' medication compliance, relieve patients' anxiety and depression, increase quality of life of patients, enhance patients' knowledge of disease and behavior correction and raise the rate of patients' hospital readmission and satisfaction to follow-up.

Objective To explore the standardized management mode of the Ethics Committee for organ donation after citizen’s death in hospitals. Methods The situations of ethical review before and after the standardized adjustment of the Ethics Committee of human organ donation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline data of donors before and after standardized adjustment of the Ethics Committee of human organ donation were compared. The influence of standardized adjustment of the Ethics Committee on the attendance rate of committee members and duration of ethical review were analyzed. Results No significant differences were observed in donors' ethical review data, such as gender, age and death determination, before and after standardized adjustment of Ethics Committee structure (all P>0.05). Significant difference was noted regarding the cause of death in ethical review (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the impact of Ethics Committee standardization adjustment and cause of death on the attendance rate of committee members (both P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that gender, cause of death and standardized adjustment of the Ethics Committee were the influencing factors of the attendance rate of committee members, and the attendance rate of committee members after standardized adjustment was higher than that before adjustment (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the effects of Ethics Committee standardized adjustment, attendance rate of committee members and cause of death on the duration of ethical review (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that standardized adjustment of the ethics committee was the influencing factor of the duration of ethical review, and the duration of ethics review after standardized adjustment was shorter than that before adjustment (P<0.05). Conclusions Appropriate arrangement of the total number of ethics committee members and standardizing the review process may improve the efficiency of ethical review. Scientific evaluation mechanism for ethical committee members should be established by dynamically adjusting the ethical committee members, clarifying the responsibilities and tasks of members and secretaries, aiming to further improve standardized management level of ethical review for organ donation after citizen’s death.