ObjectiveTo explore the incidence and relative factors of post-stroke depression (PSD).Methods128 patients with acute stroke were evaluated and investigated by Hamilton Depression Rating Scales (HAMD) and Neurologic Deficit Scale (NDS).ResultsThe incidence rate of PSD was 39.0%. PSD had positively relations to degrees of neurologic deficits and the location of focus, and not relation to sex.ConclusionPSD is the common complication of stroke and positively related to degrees of neurological deficits and the location of focus.

Objective To study the curative effect of continuous alternant drainage surgery on improved central venous catheter cerebellomedullary cistern and continuous alternative drainage of ventricle in treating cerebroventricular hemorrhage.Methods 118 cases of patients with cerebroventricular hemorrhage were randomly divided into two groups:the improve group(n=59)was applied with continuous alternative drainage of ventricle and improved central venous catheter cerebellomedullary cistern,and the control group(n=59)was applied with traditional drainage of ventricle combined with lumbar centesis.Results In the improved group 3 cases(5.1%)died,and 7 cases(11.9%)developped with obstructive waterhead.In control group 8 cases(13.6%)died,and 15 cases(25.4%)developped with obstructive waterhead.The cleanup speed of cerebroventricular hemorrhage for patients in the improved group was much faster than that in the control group(P＜0.01).The curative effect of the improved group was distinctly better than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Cerebroventricular hemorrhage treated by continuous alternative drainage of ventricle and the improved central venous catheter cerebellomedullary cistern and and continuous alternative drainage of ventricle can distinctly reduce mortality,deformity,complication and sequelae.

Objective To explore the level of Th2 type cytokines including IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13, and the immunoreg-ulation of cytokines in patients with neurocysticercosis. Methods Lymphocytes in patients with neurocysticercosis were separated from the blood sample with density gradient centrifugation and the total RNA was extracted by guanidine isothiocynate method. cDNA was synthesized by reversed transcription reaction. The target gene was then amplified by PCR. The PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis. Results Results of RT-PCR showed that cytokines mRNA in lymphocytes of peripheral blcod were detected in 27 patients with neurocysticercosis but not in the other 3 cases. Among the positive cases, mRNA of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 was detected in 16, 17 and 14 cases respectively and mRNA of IL-4, IL-10 and/or IL-13 was detected in all the 27 cases. In the detection of lymphocytes in peripheral blcod of 10 healthy subjects, expression of IL-4 and IL-10 was found in only one case at low level. Conclusion The study revealed that Th2 associated cytokines were expressed at high level and the humoral immunocompetence was relatively strong in patients with neurocysticercosis.

Objective To understand the effect of anti-cysticercus therapy for patients with cerebral cysticercosis and the changes of cysticercus on CT image after treatment. Methods The patients with cerebral cysticercosis were classified by the presentation of their brain CT image before treatment, then the effect of anti-cysticercus therapy on them after treatment was analyzed and the presentations of their brain CT images between before and after treatment were compared. Results There were different changes on CT image of cysticercus in brain tissues after anti-cysticercus therapy for different types of patients with cerebral cysticercosis. Type Ⅰ: the focus was absorbed completely after treatment in the majority of patients and calcificated in the minority. Almost all the patients were cured clinically after anticysticercus therapy. Type Ⅱ: the focus was absorbed completely in the minority, and one to two or more calcification dots were observed in the majority of patients. Anti-cysticercus therapy was effective. Type Ⅲ and Ⅳ: the absorption of focus was not very good and the effect of anti-cysticercus therapy was lower relatively. Conclusion The changes of CT image such as absorption, calcification, has important significance in forecasting prognosis and instructing clinical usage.

OBJECTIVETo probe the significance of specific IgG4 in sera of patients with cerebral cysticercosis for diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.

METHODSSpecific IgG4 in sera of patients with cerebral cysticercosis was assessed using colloidal gold-labeled mouse-anti-human IgG4 McAb as probe. The results were compared with the CT image manifestation.

RESULTSThe specific IgG4 positive rate in sera of patients with cerebral cysticercosis was 97.8%, whereas sera from patients with other kinds of parasitosis or central nerve system disease and the control group were all negative, except for a weak cross-reaction of sera from patients with hepatic echinococoosis. The determination of specific IgG4 in sera of patients with cerebral cysticercosis during different times of treatment showed that along with an increase in treatment time and improvement of clinical symptoms, specific IgG4 level gradually decreased. The positive rate and intensity of specific IgG4 in sera from patients with cerebral cysticercosis were consistent with the number of cysticercus parasites in the brain and pathologic changes, such as survival, disintegration, death and calcification. Survival of cysticercus in the brain was objectively evaluated using this technique.

CONCLUSIONSThe determination of specific IgG4 in sera is a practical method for diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of cerebral cysticercosis.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neurocysticercosis ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Breast cancer is the most common cancer for Chinese women. Early screening is the best way to improve the rates of early diagnosis and early treatment of breast cancer. The peak ages of breast cancer in Chinese women are obviously different from those in the European and American countries. It is imperative to develop a guideline for breast cancer screening that is suitable for Chinese women. Based on the analysis and summary of breast cancer screening data in China, and the latest guidelines and consensus on breast cancer screening in Europe, the United States and East Asia, China Anti-Cancer Association and National Clinical Research Center for Cancer (Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital) has developed a population-based guideline for breast cancer screening in Chinese women. This guideline has provided detailed recommendations on the screening starting age, screening modalities, and screening interval in Chinese women with average risk and high risk of breast cancer, respectively. This article aims to interpret the above guideline, providing references for professionals in breast cancer screening.

Objective:To analyze the imaging characteristics of Stanford B aortic dissection in aortic CT angiography, in order to explore the possible related factors of aortic dissection combined with renal malperfusion and to analyze the morphological changes in each involved vessel after TEVAR.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019, totally 148 patients of Stanford B aortic dissection underwent TEVAR in our hospital. The preoperative aortic CTA was analyzed, and all cases complicated with renal malperfusion were determined according to the clinical manifestation, laboratory examination and imaging results. The differences of morphological features between the patients with and without renal malperfusion and the possible correlative factors were analyzed.The different ischemic types of the involved renal arteries were analyzed, and the morphological changes of the involved vessels before and after the operation of TEVAR were compared.Results:The logistic regression analysis showed that the concave configuration of the tear at the renal artery level was the independent risk factor for renal malperfusion (right kidney OR=5.319, P=0.032; left kidney OR=12.879, P=0.007). The diameter of renal artery was the independent protective factor for renal malperfusion (right kidney OR=0.464, P=0.018; left kidney OR=0.685, P=0.016). Compared with preoperative CTA, the diameter of the involved renal artery was significantly enlarged after TEVAR, no matter which type of ischemia. Most of the dynamic ischemia (15/16) was improved after TEVAR; while static and mixed ischemia only partially improved after TEVAR (static 22/36, mixed 11/19) . Conclusion:The concave configuration of the renal artery level, and the diameter of renal artery are associated with renal malperfusion.The malperfusion can be improved in most cases of dynamic ischemia type vessels, while only can be partially improved in static and mixed types vessles.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of job-transfer training for psychiatrists in Henan province in 2018 and to compare them with the results of 2016.Methods:Data of the trainees were collected through questionnaires in 2017 and 2019 respectively. The influencing factors of knowledge and skills were determined by Multiple linear regression analysis; baseline data, training intention, training feedback and the proficiency of knowledge and skills were compared by independent sample t test and chi-square test. Results:The overall satisfaction rate for training was 98.3%, and the overall mastery rate of training knowledge and skills was 59.2% in year 2018. Compared with 2016, the willingness to participate in training, the satisfaction rate, the recognition degree of " 1+ 10+ 1" training mode, the degree of mastery and practical application of training knowledge and skills increased( P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of the primary reasons for participating in the training, factors hindering their participation in the training, and the causes for their failure to fully apply their learning to practice( P<0.01). The results showed that scope of practice, title, intention, and interest in psychiatry was related to the mastery of training knowledge and skills( P<0.05). Conclusions:The effect of training in 2018 is better than 2016, and the degree of mastery and practical application of training knowledge and skills should be increased.

BackgroundThe etiopathogenesis of major depressive disorder （MDD） is strongly associated with neuroinflammation. MDD is a highly heterogeneous psychiatric disorder， and the disease subtyping is an essential step for the identification of biological markers. The presence of psychomotor retardation seriously affects the prognosis of MDD， whereas the underlying mechanism is not yet completely clear. A potential involvement of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor （G-CSF） and macrophage colony-stimulating factor （M-CSF） in the pathogenesis of MDD with psychomotor retardation has been suggested in previous studies， but little detailed research has been completed. ObjectiveTo analyze the correlation of plasma G-CSF and M-CSF levels with psychomotor retardation in patients with MDD， and to explore the potential biological underpinnings of psychomotor retardation in MDD. MethodsA total of 50 MDD patients who met the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） and attended the outpatient clinics of Shanghai Mental Health Center from April 2018 to April 2019 were included. The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）. According to the retardation factor in HAMD-17， patients with a score of ≥8 were included in retardation group （n=22）， and those with a score below 8 were included in non-retardation group （n=28）. Another 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were concurrently recruited. Plasma G-CSF and M-CSF levels were measured in all subjects using Luminex liquid suspension chip technology. Spearman correlation analysis was adopted to verify the correlation of retardation factor score in HAMD-17 with plasma G-CSF and M-CSF levels in MDD patients. ResultsPlasma G-CSF levels were decreased in MDD patients compared with healthy controls ［57.34（39.24， 83.15）pg/mL vs. 71.47（61.20， 79.99）pg/mL， Z=-2.098， P<0.05］. A statistical difference was found in plasma G-CSF level ［63.92（54.60， 89.43）pg/mL vs. 47.80（33.41， 74.66）pg/mL vs. 71.47（61.20， 79.99）pg/mL， H=8.247， P=0.016］ and plasma M-CSF level ［20.05（16.05， 22.23）pg/mL vs. 13.05（11.43， 17.50）pg/mL vs. 18.95（14.59， 22.88）pg/mL， H=7.620， P=0.022］ among retardation group， non-retardation group and healthy control group. The post hoc pairwise comparisons using Bonferroni correction indicated that plasma G-CSF level was lower in non-retardation group compared with healthy control group （adjusted P<0.05）， and plasma M-CSF level was higher in retardation group compared with non-retardation group （adjusted P<0.05）. The retardation factor score in HAMD-17 was positively correlated with plasma M-CSF level in MDD patients （r=0.348， P<0.05）. ConclusionThe prevalence of psychomotor retardation in MDD patients may be related to abnormally elevated plasma M-CSF level. ［Funded by Shanghai "Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan" Project in Medical Innovation Research Field （number， 21Y11905600）； Shanghai "Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan" Project in Natural Science Field （number， 21ZR1455100）； Shanghai Mental Health Center Scientific Research Project （number， 2021-YJ02）］

OBJECTIVETo investigate the current status of smoking and passive smoking among Chinese females to provide evidence for related strategy development.

METHODSData from 32 720 women aged 45-65 years old who participated in the 2008 to 2010 Chinese Multi-center Women Breast Cancer Screening Project, were used to analyze the prevalence rates of smoking/heavy smoking, daily smoking, smoking cessation, successful smoking cessation, passive smoking, etc.

RESULTSA total of 913 females, accounted for 2.8% of all the women in the study, had reported the history of smoking. There were significant differences seen regarding the prevalence rates of smoking in different regions (Beijing, 2.8%; Tianjin, 5.9%; Nanchang, 1.7%; Feicheng, 0.9%; Shenyang, 1.8%). The prevalence rates of current smoking, daily smoking, and heavy smoking were 1.8%, 1.0% and 0.2%, respectively. The prevalence rates of smoking and current smoking increased with age but not the prevalence rates of daily smoking and heavy smoking. Among the smokers, the median initiation age of smoking, the median daily cigarette per day, and median year of smoking were 30 years old, 10 cigarette, and 16 years, respectively. And the prevalence rates of smoking cessation and successful smoking cessation were 19.1% and 8.2%. The prevalence rate of passive smoking was 45.7% (12 730/27 874). After combing the number of smokers and the number of passive smokers, the total exposure rate to tobacco was 41.8% (13 670/32 720).

CONCLUSIONThere was a relatively low level of smoking among Chinese females, so as the rate of smoking cessation. However, passive smoking presented a relatively high level among Chinese females.

Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; statistics & numerical data