H1 gene inactivation.Demethylation agent inhibits human pancreatic cancer cell line growth in association with ARH1 re-expression and reduced p-stat3 expression.

ObjectiveTo study the biological characterization and the genetic background of circulating CA16 strains in mainland of China for the purpose of CA16 vaccine development in the future.MethodsCA16 strains were isolated from throat swabs of patients with hand-foot-mouth disease and identified by neutralization assay and RT-PCR.The genotype of these isolates were determined by sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 gene.The proliferation dynamics and the plaque morphology were observed when propagated in Vero cells.The pathogenicity of these CA16 isolates was evaluated by challenging newborn mice.ResultsIn this study,six CA16 circulating isolates,BJ-1-6 were obtained.The RT-PCR products were 150 bp amplified with the general enterovirus primers and 210 bp with CA16 primers respectively,which cannot be amplified by EV71 primers.Additionally,these isolates were identified to display some obvious proliferation dynamics and plaque morphology when propagated for 96 h in Vero cells.The diameter of plaques were about 1.5 to 2 mm for BJ-1,BJ-2,BJ-4,BJ-6,4-5 mm for BJ-3 and 3 mm for BJ5,the plaques were regular except BJ-3.All the six isolates can be neutralized by the convalescent serum of patient infected with CA16.The virus titer of different isolates propagated for five passages in Vero cells was 7.0LgCCID50/ml.The sequence alignment of VP1 gene demonstrated that the genotypes of BJ-2,BJ-4,BJ5 were C1 and BJ-1,BJ-3,B J-6 were C,3 comparatively.The genetic distance of the VPI gene from theseisolates suggested that they were highly genetic identity with the homology of 90％ in nucleotide and 99％ in dedicated amino acid respectively.However,a distinctive difference in pathogenic ability in neonatal mice was found that the suckling mice challenged with BJ-3 & BJ-5 were paralyzed 4-5 d and dead 6-7d postchallenge,compared with the control group without any abnormality in the during of 14 d.ConclusionThe circulating CA16 isolates in China have different biological characteristics,different pathogenic ability and similar genetic backgrounds,which is helpful for the development of a CA16 vaccine in the future.

The traditional treatment of maxillofacial tumors includes surgery and chemoradiotherapy. Surgery carries a high risk,and large bone defects are difficult to repair themselves. Besides, chemoradiotherapy can bring serious side effects. Therefore, how to repair the bone defects after maxillofacial tumor surgery and prevent tumor recurrence has become a major clinical challenge. In recent years, photothermal therapy has attracted much attention because of its low invasion, high efficiency, and no side effects. More and more photothermal materials have emerged and been applied in photothermal therapy. In order to treat tumor-related bone defects, many studies use three-dimensional printing technology to prepare photothermal functionalized scaffold to repair bone defects and prevent the recurrence of tumors. Based on photothermal therapy, the review states the photothermal materials, bone repair materials and photothermal functionalized scaffolds in the treatment of maxillofacial tumors at home and abroad, and provides a new way to solve the clinical challenge of bone defect and tumor recurrence after maxillofacial tumor surgery.

Objective To clarify the characteristics of shock wave sources generated at different medium interfaces.Methods The experiment used an in vitro adjustable impact pressure shock wave generation and signal acquisition system combined with a flexible PVDF sensor.The waveform of the shock wave generated by the applicator at the interface of different media(soft tissue-mimicking phantom,water and air)was explored.The characteristics of the shock wave source in the time and frequency domains were analyzed.Results When the same impact pressure was applied,shock waveforms generated at the interfaces of the phantom and water exhibited similar characteristics from a time-domain perspective.At the same time,both differed significantly from those generated at the air interface,where the absolute values of the positive and negative pressures were noticeably reduced.The characteristics of the shockwave spectra in various media revealed three distinct peak frequencies,with the modulation frequencies varying in the phantom(12.2 kHz),water(8.5 kHz),and air(7.2 kHz).In contrast,the carrier frequency remained relatively constant(between 82 and 83 kHz).When different impact pressures were applied,there was little influence on the waveform at the same medium interface,indicating that the impact pressure affected only the shockwave amplitude and not the peak frequency.As the impact pressure increases,the absolute values of the positive and negative pressures at the medium interface increase linearly.Conclusions Shockwave sources can be effectively measured using a flexible PVDF sensor.Shock waves generated at different medium interfaces exhibit temporal and spectral differences,indicating that the characteristics of shock wave propagation in air or water cannot be substituted for those in biological soft tissues.These findings provide crucial information for evaluating shockwave devices and formulating treatment protocols in the clinic.

Objective: To make a preliminary assessment on the immunogenicity of a quadrivalence recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (6, 11, 16 and 18 types) (Hansenulapolymorpha) in healthy women aged 18-45 years in phaseⅠclinical study. Methods: It was a single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phaseⅠ clinical study. Women aged 18-45 years were randomized (2∶1) to receive HPV vaccine (n=60) or placebo control (n=30) at months 0, 2 and 6. Antibodies against HPV6/11/16/18 were detected by pseudovirus-based neutralisation assay in serum samples collected at 0 d, 180 d and 210 d. Seroconversion rates and geometric mean titres (GMT) of antibodies against the four types of antigens were calculated. Results: Seroconversion rates of the vaccination group at 180 d (before the third dose) and 210 d (one month after the third dose) were generally similar and between 85%-100% for all types of antibodies. The GMT of antibodies at one month after the last dose improved significantly compared with those before immunization. Conclusions These results showed that the HPV vaccine had good immunogenicity in the population of healthy women aged 18-45 years. Higher antibody titers were elicited by the vaccine compare with the tites before the first dose and in the placebo control group.