Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors for upper extremity lymphedema after breast cancer treatment and the strength of their associations.Methods PubMed,Ovid,EMbase,and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify clinical trials published up to December 2012.The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale;data analysis was performed by Stata 10.0 and RevMan 5.2;the strength of associations between risk factors and breast cancer-related upper extremity lymphedema was described as odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence intervals (CI).Results Twenty-two studies involving 10106 patients were included in the meta-analysis.The risk factors for upper extremity lymphedema after breast cancer treatment mainly included axillary lymph node dissection (OR =2.72,95％ CI=1.06-6.99,P=0.038),hypertension (OR=1.84,95％ CI=1.38-2.44,P=0.000),body mass index (OR =1.68,95％ CI=1.22-2.32,P =0.001),and radiotherapy (OR =1.65,95％ CI =1.20-2.25,P =0.002),while no significant associations were found for such factors as chemotherapy,age,number of positive lymph nodes,and number of dissected lymph nodes.Conclusions The incidence of upper extremity lymphedema is high among patients with breast cancer after treatment,and axillary lymph node dissection,hypertension,body mass index,and radiotherapy are the main risk factors for lymphedema after breast cancer treatment.

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy ofMaxing-Shigan decoction in patients with severe pneumonia due to phlegm-heat obstructing the lung.Methods Sixty patients with severe pneumonia in the TCM Department of Dalian Municipal Central Hospital from January to December 2013 were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group by random number table method, 30 in each group. The control group was treated with anti-infection, fluid infusion and mechanical ventilation. On the basis of treatment in the control group, the treatment group was also givenMaxing-Shigan decoction through nasogastric gavage. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), lactic acid (Lac) and PaO2/FiO2 were compared before and after the treatment in both groups. The scores of the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHEⅡ) were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (80.0%vs.73.3%;χ2=4.800,P=0.029). In both groups, MAP (treatment group: 102.4 ± 11.9 mmHgvs. 70.4 ± 6.4 mmHg, t=12.972,P=0.000; control group: 101.2 ± 12.5 mmHgvs. 69.8 ± 6.6 mmHg,t=12.1672,P=0.000), PaO2/FiO2 (treatment group: 265.4 ± 19.7 mmHgvs. 78.6 ± 10.5 mmHg,t=45.833,P=0.000; control group: 124.8 ± 13.4 mmHg vs. 79.1 ± 11.1 mmHg;t=14.385,P=0.000) after the treatment were significantly higher than before the treatment, and the Lac level were significantly lower (treatment group: 1.04 ± 0.42 mmol/Lvs. 6.37 ± 2.27 mmol/L,t=12.65, P=0.000; control group: 3.88 ± 1.45 mmol/Lvs. 6.39 ± 2.32 mmol/L,t=5.025,P=0.000). The improvements in Lac (t=10.304,P=0.000) and PaO2/FiO2 (t=32.323,P=0.000) in the treatment group were superior to the control group. The scores of the CPIS (treatment group: 2.2 ± 1.5vs. 6.7 ± 1.7,t=10.872,P=0.000; control group: 4.5 ± 2.7 vs. 6.8 ± 1.8,t=3.882,P=0.000) and APACHEⅡ(treatment group: 5.3 ± 2.1vs. 13.8 ± 3.8,t=10.723,P=0.000; control group: 9.3±3.5vs. 13.7 ± 3.5,t=4.869,P=0.000) after the treatment were significantly lower than before the treatment in both groups, and the changes of CPIS (t=4.079,P=0.000) and APACHEⅡ(t=5.368,P=0.000) in the treatment group were greater than those in the control group.ConclusionsMaxing-Shigan decoction has definite therapeutic effects for severe pneumonia due to phlegm-heat obstructing the lung..

Objective To investigate therapeutic effect of the Banxia-Baizhu-Tianma decoction combined with simvastatin for phlegm and blood stasis obstructing hyperlipidemia. Methods A total of 120 patients with phlegm and blood stasis obstructing hyperlipidemia from Dalian central hospital from June 2010 to December 2013 were divided into 2 groups according to random digits table:60 patients in a control group treated with simvastatin 20 mg/d,and 60 patients in a treatment group treated with Banxia-Baizhu-Tianma decoction on the basis of the control group. After 6 weeks treatments, the clinical efficacy, serum levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high sensitive C reactive protein(hs-CRP),high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT), interleukin 8(IL-8)and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were evaluated in both groups. Results The total effective rate was 91.7%(55/60) and 73.3%(44/60) in the treatment group and the control group, respectively, with significant difference (χ2=5.772, P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, hs-CRP, HMGB1 in both groups were significantly lower than those before the treatment (in the treatment group t value were 12.355, 5.984, 32.825, 13.806, 14.661 and in the control group t value were 7.553, 2.177, 3.064, 10.281, 9.019, P<0.05 or P<0.01), LDL-C concentration significantly increased (t in the treatment group=3.382, P<0.01;t in the control group =2.388, P<0.05). After the treatment, the serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, hs-CRP, and HMGB1 in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (t value were 7.173, 3.418, 2.377, 3.967, 8.352, P<0.05 or P<0.01);there was no significant difference in LDL-C concentration between the two groups (t=1.630, P=0.106);the levels of ALT, GT, IL-8 and SOD in the treatment group showed significant difference compared with those before the the treatment (t value were 19.053, 9.592, 12.909, 10.377, P<0.01), while in the control group, exceptγ-GT, other parameters showed significant difference after the treatment compared with before the treatment (t value were 2.253, 5.876, 3.266, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, these parameters in the treatment group were significantly different after the treatment(t value were 27.872, 10.244, 6.954, 6.145, P<0.01). Conclusions Banxia-Baizhu-Tianma decoction combined with simvastatin has good lipid-lowering effect. It may significantly lower inflammatory factor levels, reduce inflammation, and enhance antioxidant capacity.

With the continuous development in microfluidic fabrication technology, microfluidic analysis has evolved from a concept to one of research frontiers in last twenty years. The research of enzymes and enzyme inhibitors based on microfluidic devices has also made great progress. Microfluidic technology improved greatly the analytical performance of the research of enzymes and enzyme inhibitors by reducing the consumption of reagents, decreasing the analysis time, and developing automation. This review focuses on the development and classification of enzymes and enzyme inhibitors research based on microfluidic devices.

Establishment of combination of disease and syndrome animal model is an ideal technology platform in TCM research. Currently, many scholars have prepared matching IBS animal models combined typical animal models with etiology, which em-bodies the advantages of syndrome differentiation and promotes the development of combination disease and syndrome animal model. Even though, there still exists some problems about sub-jective evaluation on syndromes, paying more attention on dis-ease and less on syndromes. Therefore, we should deepen the pathogenesis of diseases and TCM syndromes research on animal model replication and improve the method of construction of combination of disease and syndrome animal model through the biological research of combination of disease and syndrome sys-tem. By this way, the idea of preparation animal models will be more mature and the scientific connotation of TCM will be pres-ented more exactly.

ObjectiveTo investigate the best time interval for replacement of urine collection bags for patients with indwelling catheter. Methods90 patients in brain surgery department with indwelling catheter were randomly divided into group A,B,C,group A replaced urine collection bags every 3 days,group B replaced urine collection bags every 7 days,group C replaced urine collection bags every 14 days.Urine samples were gathered in three groups of patients for bacterial culture on the admission day,the 5th,the 8th,the 11th and the 14th day respectively,and the positive rates of bacterial culture were compared.ResultsThe positive rates of urinary bacterial culture in three groups were not significantly different by statistical analysis. ConclusionsReplacement time of urine collection bags for patients with indwelling catheter may be extended to 14 days,and may be synchronization with the replacement time of urine catheters.This can reduce bacterial ascending infection,decrease nosocomial infection rate,save health care costs,reduce the labor intensity of the nursing staff,improve the social and economic benefits.

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in mouse early embryos at different stages.Methods Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation model of Kunming mouse was used to collect four-cell embryos,eight-cell embryos,morula stage,and early blastocysts.Immunofluorescence microscopy and laser confocal microscopy were used to detect expression and distribution of AQP3 channels in these stages.Results Fluorescence signal of AQP3 was found in four embryonic stages of mice.Distribution within embryo was different at different embryonic stages.AQP3 was mainly expressed on the karyotheca of blastomeres at four-cell and eight-cell stage.In morula stage,AQP3 was mainly expressed on cell membrane of each blastomere.In early blastocysts,AQP3 was predominantly expressed on the cell membrane and cytoplasm of trophoblastic cell.Conclusions AQP3 trans-membrane channel might have potential regulation function on mouse embryonic development.

Objective: To develop a magnetic solid-phase extraction combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) based on pyrrole-modified magnetic nanoparticles to determine 16 types of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in commercial liquors. Methods : Fe3O4 magnetic nuclei were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, and the polypyrrole-modified magnetic nanomaterials were prepared with the chemical oxidation method. Magnetic solid-phase extraction of beer, grape wine, rice wine and Chinese spirits was performed at 10% alcohol by volume, extraction duration of 20 min and ethyl acetate elution of 10 min, followed by addition of 1 g NaCl for reduction of emulsification effect. The 16 types of PAEs were determined using GC-MS/MS with DB-5MS capillary column (30 m×250 μm, 0.25 μm) under the mode of electron impact ionization (EI) and dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM), with quantitative analysis using the external standard method. The standard curve, detection limit, spike recovery rate and precision of GC-MS/MS for determination of 16 types of PAEs were evaluated. Results: Pyrrole was successfully embedded onto the surface of magnetic nanoparticles in the form of polymer, and the magnetic nanoparticles modified by polypyrrole were well characterized, showing unapparent matrix and emulsification effects. There was a good linear relationship for the 16 types of PAEs at 50 to 5 000 ng/mL (r=0.999 5-0.999 9), and the spike recovery rate of 16 types of PAEs ranged from 71.61% to 110.50% at 100, 500 and 1 000 μg/kg, with relative standard deviations of 3.78% to 7.41%, detection limits of 0.02 to 1.47 μg/kg. PAEs were detected in 20 out of 50 liquor samples, with 30.00%, 60.00%, 40.00% and 70.00% detection rates in beer, grape wine, rice wine and Chinese spirits, respectively. Conclusions This method is sensitive to determine 16 types of PAEs in liquor samples, with unapparent matrix and emulsification effects, and the polypyrrole-modified magnetic composite nanoparticles present high adsorption of PAEs in liquor samples, which is feasible for monitoring of PAEs in multiple types of liquor samples.

Objective: To investigate the contamination of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and assess the health risk of PAEs contamination in market-available yellow rice wine in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the safety safeguard for consuming yellow rice wine. Methods: Yellow rice wine samples were collected from markets in Huzhou City from 2021 to 2022, and 16 PAEs were determined in yellow rice wine using magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PAEs were evaluated using the health risk models proposed by United States Environmental Protection Agency. Results: A total of 75 yellow rice wine samples were collected, and 44 samples were detected with PAEs contamination (58.67%). Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) and di-butyl phthalate (DBP) were detected, and there were 17 samples (22.67%) detected with DBP overdose (DMP and DIBP had no limit standard). DMP, DBP and DIBP, which were not classified as Class 2B and higher carcinogens by WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer, had no definitive carcinogenic risks. Under mean PAEs, the five types of yellow rice wine all had no carcinogenic risks. Under 75% percentile of PAEs concentrations, the DBP in beverage wine with plastic packaging had a carcinogenic risk score of 1.207 5, with a gross carcinogenic risk score of 1.207 5. Under the maximum PAEs concentration, the ross carcinogenic risk scores of cooking wine with plastic packaging, beverage wine with plastic packaging, beverage wine with glass bottle packaging, and beverage wine with jar packaging were 2.751 0, 2.782 0, 1.298 2 and 2.944 0, presenting non-carcinogenic risks. Conclusion There is PAEs contamination in market-available yellow rice wine in Huzhou City, and no carcinogenic risk is evaluated. Non-carcinogenic health risk requires to be given a high priority.

Background and purpose:It was reported that erythropoietin may directly or indirectly induce the tumor cells to proliferate and result in diseases progression when recombinant human erythropoictin is used clinically in cancer-related anemia.Recently,the expression of erythropoietin-receptor(Epo-R)was detected in breast cancer.This study was done to detect the expression of Epo-R,estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her-2)in breast cancer,and to investigate the relationships between these indexes and the clinical significance.Methods:Sixty breast cancer patients were analyzed,the expression of Epo-R and microvascular density(MVD)were detected by immunohistochernistry,in order to clarify the relationships between the expression level of Epo-R,MVD and ER,PR,Her-2.Results:The rate of Epo-R expression was 78.3%,the mean number of positive tumor cells was 39±24,while the tissue MVD was 25±9.The expression level of Epo-R was positively correlated with the MVD.Also,the level of MVD was higher in the group of Epo-R positive than the negative,which has significant difference(t=3.4252,P＜0.001).The expression level of ER,PR has no definite relationships with Epo-R,MVD.The expression level of Her-2 was both closely associated with Epo-R,MVD.The expression level of Epo-R has an obvious relationship with clinical stage,lymph node status and the size(P＜0.001).The value of MVD was positively correlated with lymph node status,while not with clinical stage and the size.Conclusion:The expression level of Epo-R was markedly higher in breast cancer,and has a positive correlation with the tissue MVD.The expression level of Epo-R and MVD were significantly associated with Her-2,but not with ER and PR.It may contribute to clarifying the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of breast cancer by detecting both the expression level of Epo-R and MVD.