OBJECTIVE: To study the antibacterial, trichomonacidal, and itching-relieving activities of Hemorrhoids lotion. METHODS: The antibacterial and trichomonacidal activities were detected by serial dilution of liquid medium and trichomonas vaginalis inhibition test in vitro, respectively. The itching-relieving effect of the lotion was observed by using histamine to induce itching of guinea pig. RESULTS: Hemorrhoids lotion inhibited the growth of SA(staphylococcus aureus), aeruginosus bacillus,escherichia coli and blastomyces albicans, and it had trichomonacidal activity on trichomonas vaginalis; furthermore, it increased the threshold value of histamine-induced itching in guinea pig. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhoids Lotion had antibacterial, trichomonacidal, and itching-relieving activities.

Objective To investigate the influence of six-minute walking training on autonomic nerve function in patients having chronic heart failure.Methods Eighty chronic heart failure patients with heart function Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade were divided into training group (40 cases) and control group (40 cases) by random digits table method.Patients in two groups were treated with conventional anti heart failure drug.Patients in training group insisted six-minute walking training twice a day on the basis of the conventional treatment.Changes of the index of heart function,heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate deceleration force (DC) before and after treatment were tested in two groups.Results After treatment,the cardiac function in training group and control group was significantly improved (P ＜ 0.05).The indexes of HRV and DC in two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the indexes of HRV and DC in training group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Six-minute walking training in patients having chronic heart failure can significantly improve the autonomic nerve function,which is an effective and safe rehabilitation exercise for patients having chronic heart failure.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency vi-rus (HIV) in Chongqing to provide the scientific basis for avoiding and reducing the HIV occupational exposures in the future . Methods All archival data of the exposed individuals came to our hospital for seeking post-exposure consultation and treatment during 2009-2012 were performed the classification and arrangement for conducting the descriptive analysis on the distribution characteristics of the age ,gender ,occupation ,working region ,exposure mode and severity of exposure .Results During this period , there were 135 cases of occupational exposure ,which ocurred in the medical institutions outside the main urban area (74 .18% ) , dominated by the nurses (57 .04% ) and doctors(33 .33% ) .21-30 years old (51 .85% ) and 31 -40 years old(33 .33% ) were the age groups with more occurrence of occupational exposure .The exposure routes were dominated by the sharp instrument injury (92 .59% ) and the exposure degree was mainly the secondary exposure ( 69 .63% ) .Conclusion The prevalence situation of HIV occupational exposure in Chongqing is stable in the total trend .The medical and health institutions outside main urban area should perfect the management system ,strengthen training ,put the standard prophylaxis principles to practice for reducing the occurrence of occupational exposure .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence and risk factors for hypertension among taxi drivers working different shifts.

METHODSUsing the cluster sampling method, 415 day-shift and 304 night-shift taxi drivers in Jinan, China were selected and investigated. The influencing factors for hypertension were analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence of hypertension in all taxi drivers was 33.2%. The incidence of hypertension in night-shift drivers was significantly higher than that in day-shift drivers (37.8% vs 29.9%, P<0.05). According to multivariate analysis, the incidence of hypertension in day-shift drivers was closely related to body mass index (BMI), working years, working hours, sleep duration, rest days, diet quality, water intake, and smoking, while the incidence of hypertension in night-shift drivers was closely related to BMI, working years, working hours, part-time job, sleep duration, rest days, and drinking.

CONCLUSIONBMI, working years, and working hours are the common risk factors for hypertension in day-shift and night-shift drivers. Sleep duration and rest days are the common protective factors. The risk factors for hypertension in taxi drivers vary with different shifts.

Automobile Driving ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Incidence ; Occupational Health ; Rest ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Work Schedule Tolerance

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and significance of IgG-anti-cyclic citrullinated pep-tides (CCP) antibody in PSS patients .Methods:A total of 120 patients diagnosed with PSS were investi-gated in the first affiliated hospital of Baotou Medical College from March 2006 to December 2009.IgG-anti-CCP antibody was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), also anti-Sj?gren’s syn-drome type A ( SSA) and Sj?gren’ s syndrome type B ( SSB) antibody were assayed by immunoblotting . Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) was assayed by westergren in serum , and C reactive protein (CRP), IgA, IgM, IgG and IgM-RF were detected by immune turbidimetric .At the same time, clinical symptoms and involvement of important organs were observed .Following up the patients above 3 years, the primary Sj?gren’ s syndrome ( PSS) patients who had progressed to rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) were evaluated .Results:The positive rate of anti-CCP antibody in the PSS patients was 19 .17%; After 3 years, more patients who were positive for anti-CCP antibody had progressed to RA (χ2 =5.015,P=0.022) than the patients in negative group;The patients in anti-CCP antibody positive group were more prone to joint involvement (χ2 =8.058,P<0.05), more swollen joints (U=152.00,P<0.05) and longer morning stiffness (U=100.00,P<0.05) than the patients with negative anti-CCP antibody, but the involvement of vital organs in the two groups had no significant difference (χ2 =0.208,0.099,0.000 and 0.122,P>0.05); The positive rate of anti-SSA and SSB antibody in anti-CCP antibody positive group and negative group had no significant difference (χ2 =0.008 and 0.56,P>0.05);Multiple linear regression showed that the level of anti-CCP antibody was positively correlated with IgM-RF levels in the PSS patients (B=0.61, 95%CI =0.36 -0.86, P<0.05), but had no significant correlation with ESR, CRP, IgA, IgM and IgG levels (P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the level of ESR, CRP, IgA, IgM and IgG between anti-CCP antibody positive group and negative group ( P >0.05), but the level of IgM-RF in anti-CCP antibody positive group was significantly higher than that in the negative group (U=623.50, P<0.05).Conclusion:Positive rate of IgG-anti-CCP antibody in PSS is 19 .17%, also it is associated with joint involvement and more prone to progressing to RA .

Objective To study the preventive effect of volatile oil extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Seeds on the formation of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion. Methods Thirty-eihgt SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (10), operation group (14) and volatile oil treated group (14):sham operation group was only operated by abdominal incision, the rest two groups were established animal model of abdominal adhesion by rubbing the procussus vermiformis of cecum with dry sterile gauze, clamping and scuffing abdominal wall. Half of rats were separately killed on day 7 and day 14 after surgery, respectively.The degree of adhesion was evaluated according to Phillips 5-scale grade and the feature of this model. Results The scores of intra-abdominal adhesion were significantly lower in the carbachol group than those in operation group both on 7 d and 14 d(P＜0.01 ). Conclusion Volatile oil extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Seeds may take a significant role in the prevention of postoperative abdominal adhesion in rats.

Objective To observe the effects of fennel essential oil and water extracts (distilled oil is not included) on gastrointestinal motility disorder caused by atropine in mice.Methods Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model group atropine, water extracts group, fennel essential oil group, mosapride group. Blank control group and model group atropine were orally administered with normal saline of 0.2 ml/10 g. Water extracts group was orally administered with Water extracts (75 mg/ml) of 0.2 ml/10 g. Fennel essential oil group was orally administered with Essential oil of 300 mg/kg. Mosapride group was orally administered with mosapride(15 mg/ml). Subjects were orally treated for 3 d. After fasting for 18 h, blank control group was intraperitoneally injected saline on the fourth day, and other groups were injected atropine sulfate injection to induce animal model of gastrointestinal motility disorder. Blue dextran(BD)2000 was used to observe the gastric emptying rate and rate of intestinal propulsion. Results Gastric emptying rates of fennel essential oil group, mosapride group, water extracts group and model group atropine were respectively(91.97±4.42)%, (90.26±5.81)%, (80.01±6.27)%,(72.88±9.13)%,and intestinal pushing rates were respectively(53.32±7.49)%,(53.02±9.13)%,(44.16±7.68)%,(37.52±6.19)%.Fennel essential oil, mosapride and water extracts enhanced the gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion in gastrointestinal motility disorder animal caused by atropine(P values were 0.004、0.001、0.004、0.003、0.025、0.015),where Fennel essential oil and mosapride were superior to the water,extracts(P values were 0.000、0.002、0.001、0.001).Conclusion Fennel extracts may promote gastrointestinal movement of atropine-induced gastrointestinal motility disorder in mice and fennel essential oil is the main active ingredient.

Objective To evaluate the significance of color Doppler ultrasound examination of renal blood flow combined with the detection of bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP-7)in early diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Methods Blood BMP-7 level was tested in 90 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and 30 controls,and parameters of renal blood flow were measured by color Doppler ultrasound examination.Blood BMP-7 level as well as resistant index(RI)of segmental renal artery(SRA)and interlobar renal artery(IRA),were compared between these two groups.Results Compared with controls,blood BMP-7 level gradually decreased with the aggravation of diabetic kidney damage(P＜0.01).The peak systolic velocity(Vmax)and the end diastolic velocity(Vmin)of SRA and TRA were slowed gradually,while RI increased(P＜0.01).Blood BMP-7 level was negatively correlated with IRA's and SRA's RI of IRA and SRA(r =-0.603,P＜0.01;r =-0.652,P＜0.01).Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasound examination of renal blood flow combined with detection of BMP-7 might play an important role in early diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

BACKGROUND:Intramedul ary nail and traditional steel plate fixation have been widely used in the treatment of distal tibial (extra-articular) fractures, but these two kinds of methods have shortcomings. Some control studies attempt to answer the advantages and disadvantages of the issue on the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fractures with intramedul ary nail and steel plate fixation, but the conclusions are different.
OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficiency and safety of intramedul ary nail and plate fixation in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fractures by Meta analysis.
METHODS:PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CBMdisc, Weipu information database and Wanfang were searched by computer, and relevant Chinese and English orthopedic journals were hand-searched. Control ed trials related to intramedul ary nail and plate fixation in the treatment of extra-articular distal tibial fracture were included. The quality of trials was critical y assessed. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four articles were included. Meta analysis showed that compared with the plate fixation, the malunion rate of the intramedul ary nail for extra-articular distal tibial fractures increased. There was no statistical difference in the rate of nonunion rate, delayed fracture healing, and infection rate after operation. These indicate that intramedul ary nail and plate fixation both have good effects on fracture healing.

Objective: To investigate the relationships between constitutional types of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and motion sickness. Methods: A survey of TCM constitutions in ocean sailors participating in a voyage was performed by using the TCM Constitution Questionnaire developed by Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, while the survey of motion sickness was operated by Graybiel's diagnostic criteria. The incidences of motion sickness among sailors with different types of constitutions were compared. Results: Prior to the voyage, 50.3% of sailors exhibited a gentleness constitution, 14.5% were of dampness-heat constitution, 10.3% were of qi-stagnation constitution, whereas the percentages of qi-deficiency, yang-deficiency, yin-deficiency, blood-stasis and special diathesis constitutions were 6.2%, 7.6%, 6.2%, 4.1% and 0.7%, respectively. None exhibited a phlegm-dampness constitution. By the end of the 176-day voyage, the percentages of gentleness, dampness-heat, qi-depression, qi-deficiency, yang-deficiency, yin-deficiency, blood-stasis, special diathesis and phlegm-dampness constitutions were 33.8%, 13.8%, 13.1%, 11.0%, 6.9%, 9.7%, 4.1%, 0.7% and 6.9%, respectively. The incidence of motion sickness was 69.7% (101 sailors) during this voyage. The incidences of motion sickness among sailors with different types of constitutions before the voyage showed significant difference (P<0.001). The incidence of motion sickness was higher in the sailors with dampness-heat constitution than in those with gentleness constitution. Conclusion: Types of Chinese medical constitution can be related to susceptibility to motion sickness. Furthermore, ocean voyage may have an effect or influence on the type of Chinese medical constitution of sailors involved.